Mary, Turkmenistan
Mary
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Coordinates: 37°36′N 61°50′E / 37.600°N 61.833°E | |
Country | Turkmenistan |
Region | Mary |
Government | |
• Hakim | Kakageldi Gurbanov |
Elevation | 223 m (732 ft) |
Population (2010) | |
• Total | 126,000 |
Time zone | UTC+5 |
Mary (Turkmen pronunciation:
Etymology
Atanyýazow notes that the name "Muru" appears in
History
The ancient city of
- ...only a "geographical expression." It means a certain amount of cultivated territory where half a million Tekke-Turkomans manage to eke out an existence by pastoral pursuits, plunder, and thievery, combined with the caravan service between Bokhara and Meshed. There is no central point which you can call Merv now, if I except the place which has grown into existence since my arrival. I speak of Koushid Khan Kala, a fort at a point on the river Murghab...[5]
It was occupied by
A force of the
The area surrounding Mary was developed by the Soviet Union as a center for cotton production through the use of extensive irrigation. The Great Soviet Encyclopedia article on Mary reads in part,
Mary (until 1937 Merv), city, center of Mary oblast' of Turkmen SSR. Located on the Murghab River and Karakum Canal. Junction of railroad lines to Tashkent, Krasnovodsk, and Kushka. 67 thousand residents (1973; 8.5 thousand in 1897, 37 thousand in 1939, 48 thousand in 1959). Large wool degreasing plant, cotton gin, machine building factories; building construction amalgamate; food (milling, baking, and meat packing amalgamates, dairy plant, etc.), leather industry, carpet production. Near to Mary began to operate in 1973 the Mary District State Electrical Power Plant. Medical and pedagogical colleges. Museum of history of the revolution. Drama theater.[7]
In 1968, huge reserves of
Mary became the center of
In the 2000s, many streets and new residential areas were built. The
In 2012, the city was declared one of the cultural capitals of the CIS.[10]
Climate
Climate data for Mary | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11 (52) |
12 (54) |
19 (66) |
26 (79) |
33 (91) |
38 (100) |
40 (104) |
37 (99) |
32 (90) |
24 (75) |
15 (59) |
11 (52) |
25 (77) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.7 (42.3) |
7.5 (45.5) |
14 (57) |
20.1 (68.2) |
26.9 (80.4) |
31.6 (88.9) |
33.3 (91.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
24.9 (76.8) |
17 (63) |
10.3 (50.5) |
6 (43) |
19.0 (66.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2 (36) |
3 (37) |
9 (48) |
15 (59) |
21 (70) |
26 (79) |
27 (81) |
24 (75) |
19 (66) |
12 (54) |
6 (43) |
2 (36) |
14 (57) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 17.6 (0.69) |
36.7 (1.44) |
35.0 (1.38) |
24.4 (0.96) |
10.4 (0.41) |
0.8 (0.03) |
0.2 (0.01) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.3 (0.01) |
9.5 (0.37) |
16.8 (0.66) |
10.0 (0.39) |
161.8 (6.35) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 1.2 (0.5) |
1.5 (0.6) |
0.5 (0.2) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.5 (0.2) |
1.8 (0.7) |
5.5 (2.2) |
Average precipitation days | 7.2 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 6.8 | 47.1 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
52.9 | 51.9 | 41.9 | 31.8 | 22.7 | 15.7 | 15.2 | 15.9 | 20.2 | 28 | 42.1 | 49.9 | 32.4 |
Average dew point °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
3.7 (38.7) |
8.6 (47.5) |
9.1 (48.4) |
8.9 (48.0) |
9.3 (48.7) |
7.4 (45.3) |
5.6 (42.1) |
3.9 (39.0) |
2.1 (35.8) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.7 (40.5) |
Mean daily daylight hours | 10.4 | 11.3 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 14.7 | 15.2 | 15 | 14 | 12.8 | 11.6 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 12.5 |
Percent possible sunshine | 43.8 | 45.9 | 46.7 | 54.8 | 69.5 | 82 | 84.5 | 85.7 | 82.8 | 72.1 | 60.6 | 44.5 | 64.4 |
Average ultraviolet index | 3 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
Source 1: World Weather Online(Temperatures-Precipitation-Snow-Humidity-UV)(2009-present)[11] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weatherbase(Sunshine-Dew point-Precipitation days)[12] |
Administrative context
The city of Mary is the capital of Mary Region. Mary is a city of district-level importance, meaning that it is not part of any district, and is administratively directly subordinate to the region. However, there also is Mary District which surrounds the city. The administrative center of the district is also the city of Mary, despite not being part of it.
The city of Mary includes the town of Saparmyrat Türkmenbaşy, and the villages of Mülkburkaz, Soltanyz, and Ýolly.
Economy
Mary is Turkmenistan's fourth-largest city and a large industrial center for the natural gas and cotton industries, two of the nation's major export earners. It is a trade center for cotton, cereals, hides, and wool.
Transportation
Mary is linked
Culture
Library
Mary's library is the largest regional library in the
The building has a spherical shape, and is supported by 62 columns. The height of the library is 42 meters. The three-story building is designed for the storage of three million books,[22] and can manage 600 concurrent readers. The library's collection includes a book shop, nine reading rooms, internet facilities, a separate reading room for elders, an office of special departments, conference rooms, and a children's room. Under the dome of the library, which is in the form of tulip petals, is a telescope.
Other
Mary is known for its regional museum.
The main football team is
Turkmen Keraites believe, according to a Nestorian tradition, that Tomb of the Virgin Mary is located in Mary.
Notable people
- Akmammedov Myratgeldy, Turkmen politician
- Khadyr Saparlyev, Turkmen politician
- Yelena Bonner, Soviet/Russian human rights activist
- Eduard Asadov, Soviet/Russian poet and writer
- Meredov Sytdyh, economist and writer
- Elen Shakirova, Olympic gold medalist in handball
- Nazar Petrosyan, former football player and coach
- Mekan Nasyrov, former football player
Gallery
-
MiG monument in Mary
-
Market in Mary, 1992
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Market in Mary, 1992
-
Market in Mary, 1992
-
Bus stop,1992
-
Wedding in Mary, 1992
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Women in Mary, 1992
-
Market in Mary, 1992
-
Man in Mary wearing a traditional telpek hat, 1992
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Mary is
References
- ^ 1929 Soviet Turkmenistan map
- ISBN 978-1-59339-232-1. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ Population census 1989 Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Demoscope Weekly, No. 359–360, 1–18 January 2009 (search for Туркменская ССР) (in Russian)
- ^ Atanyýazow, Soltanşa (1980). Түркменистаның Географик Атларының Дүшүндиришли Сөзлүги [Explanatory Dictionary of Geographic Names in Turkmenistan]. Ashgabat: Ылым. p. 205.
- ISBN 0-905820-01-0., Chapter 15, O'Donovan, Edmund, Merv and Its Surroundings, lecture delivered in 1882.
- ^ On Secret Service East of Constantinople by Peter Hopkirk, John Murray, 1994
- ^ "МАРЫ". Большая советская энциклопедия (in Russian) (3 ed.). (online version)
- ^ "Petroleum Geology and Resources of the Amu-Darya Basin". pdfio.com. 2004. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
- ^ Гостеприимство древнего и вечно юного города
- ^ Туркменский город Мары получил сертификат культурной столицы СНГ
- ^ "Mary Annual Weather Averages - Mary,TM". World Weather Online. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
- ^ "Mary, Turkmenistan Travel Weather Averages". Weatherbase. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
- ^ Новая трасса: президент Туркменистана проехал по участку автобана Ашхабад – Туркменабат на КамАЗе
- ^ Скоростная трасса Ашхабад-Теджен открывается 29 октября Orient Link: https://orient.tm/ru/post/35050/skorostnaya-trassa-ashhabad-tedzhen-otkryvaetsya-29-oktyabrya
- ^ Новая дорога соединит Теджен и Туркменабат
- ^ Строительство третьего этапа автобана Ашхабад – Туркменабат начал Туркменистан
- ^ Автомагистраль Ашхабад–Туркменабат поспособствует развитию транспортного сообщения с Узбекистаном
- ^ Президент Гурбангулы Бердымухамедов принял участие в открытии участка Ашхабад–Теджен автобана Ашхабад–Туркменабат
- ^ В Туркменистане приступили к заключительному третьему этапу строительства высокоскоростной автомобильной дороги Ашхабад-Туркменабат
- ^ "Золотой век". www.turkmenistan.gov.tm.
- ^ "К услугам жителей Марыйского велаята открылась областная библиотека - Интернет-газета Turkmenistan.Ru". www.turkmenistan.ru.
- ^ Президент Туркменистана принял участие в открытии нового здания Марыйской велаятской библиотеки