Mary P. Koss

Koss defined the unacknowledged rape victims as women who have experienced the behaviors that define rape (oral, anal, or vaginal penetration against consent through force, bodily harm, or when incapacitated and unable to consent) but do not realize that their experience constitutes rape or chose not to view it that way.[4] This is now a well-accepted finding reaffirmed by other investigators in national surveys repeated in the early 2000s and most recently reported in 2012. Koss has served as an invited speaker and guest lecturer around the world. In 1991, she testified as an expert witness at the U.S. Senate hearings that led to the first passage of Violence Against Women Act.^{[citation needed]} Koss has since conducted multiple legislative testimonies, including expert witness testimonies to the U.S. Senate Veteran's Affairs Committee, U.S. News & World Report, Senator Cory Brooker on restorative justice, and US Advisory Commission on Child Abuse.^{[citation needed]} Other legal testimony from Koss includes working with Congressional Briefing on Violence Against Women, and the Legislative Policy Brief released by the Evelyn Jacobs Ortner Center on Family Violence.

On the issue of male victims of rape, Koss has written: "Although consideration of male victims is within the scope of the legal statutes, it is important to restrict the term rape to instances where male victims were penetrated by offenders. It is inappropriate to consider as a rape victim a man who engages in unwanted sexual intercourse with a woman." (Koss 1993 pp 206–207). Elsewhere, she has argued that it is impossible for a woman to rape a man: "How would [a man being raped by a woman] happen… how would that happen by force or threat of force or when the victim is unable to consent? How does that happen?", adding that she would describe this as "unwanted contact".^[5]

Koss was offered a faculty position in the Department of Psychiatry at the

In her academic career, Koss has published close to 300 works on violence against women, including 145 peer-reviewed scientific articles as well as books, book chapters, and briefs. Her work has been cited over 41,000 times. In addition to the Ms. Study, Koss has led 10 other federally funded research projects. Koss is globally recognized and has been invited as a panelist and speaker to multiple conferences held by the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Coalition for Women's Mental Health, the National Institute of Justice, and others. She has also been a consultant and reviewer for organizations such as the American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, World Bank, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States Department of Justice, the World Health Organization, and others. Koss is a Life Member of the American Psychological Association since 1976.

Restorative justice programs

At the University of Arizona, Koss pioneered a restorative justice program, RESTORE. RESTORE is a voluntary conferencing program for adult misdemeanor and felony sexual assault perpetrators who are referred by a prosecutor.^[6] "The RESTORE Program for Restorative Justice for Sex Crimes: Vision, Process and Outcomes" is published in the Journal of Interpersonal Violence.^[6] "The paper is the first peer-reviewed quantitative evaluation of RJ conferencing for adult sexual assault."^[6] Koss and her colleagues from The University of Michigan and Carleton College also collaborated on the article titled, "Campus Sexual Misconduct: Restorative Justice Approaches to Enhance Compliance with Title IX Guidance." This article is published in Trauma, Violence and Abuse: A Review Journal.^[7]

Honors and awards

Koss has received over 20 awards and over 70 recognitions throughout her career.^[8] Along with her honors and awards, she has been a distinguished member of professional organizations such as the American Psychological Association. Koss also was the first recipient and namesake of the Mary P. Koss Profile in Courage Award from the One-in-Four Organization. This award will be given to another person annually.

• Stephen Schafer Award, National Organization for Victim Assistance (NOVA)
• Distinguished Contribution to Women's Health, American Psychological Association, Committee on Women in Psychology
• Distinguished Service Award for the book, No Safe Haven, Male Violence Against Women at Home, at Work, and in the Community
• Heritage Award recognizing a substantial and outstanding body of work, American Psychological Association, Division 35 (Psychology of Women)
• Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy, American Psychological Association^[9]
• American Psychological Association Committee on Women in Psychology Leadership Award (Senior Career)^[10]
• Presidential Citation, American Psychological Association
• Visionary Award from End Violence Against Women International^[11]
• Distinguished Publication Award, Association for Women in Psychology
• Brother Peace Award, National Association of Men Against Sexism
• Distinguished Contribution to the Science of Psychology Award, Arizona Psychological Association
• Distinguished Scholarly Contribution to Research on Acquaintance Rape, Safe Schools Coalition
• Distinguished Contribution to Women's Health, American Psychological Association, Committee on Women in Psychology
• Heritage Award recognizing a substantial and outstanding body of work, American Psychological Association, Division 35 (Psychology of Women)
• Excellence in Teaching and Commitment to Public Health Faculty Award, Public Health Alliance, University of Arizona
• American Psychological Association Committee on Women in Psychology Leadership Award (Senior Career)
• Mel and Enid Zuckerman Arizona College of Public Health Research Prize
• Presidential Citation, American Psychological Association
• Visionary Award from End Violence Against Women International (7th Awardee)
• Mary P. Koss Profile in Courage Award, One-in-Four Organization
• American Psychological Association Award for Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology
• University of Minnesota Psychology Distinguished Alumni Award
• Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award (Marquis Who's Who)
• Lifetime Achievement in Violence Against Women Research and Advocacy, Institute for Trauma, Violence and Abuse
• Caroline Wood Sherif Award for Contributions to the Psychology of Women, American Psychological Association, Division 35

Selected publications

Books

• Koss, Mary P.;
  ISBN 9781433809125
  .
• Koss, Mary P.;
  ISBN 9781433809149
  .

• Koss, Mary P.; Cook, Sarah L. (1993), "Facing the facts: date and acquaintance rape are significant problems for women", in Gelles, Richard J.; Loseke, Donileen R. (eds.), Current controversies on family violence, Newbury Park, California: SAGE Publications, pp. 104–119,
  ISBN 9780803946743
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Cook, Sarah L. (2005), "More data have accumulated supporting date and acquaintance rape as significant problems for women", in Gelles, Richard J.; Loseke, Donileen R.; Cavanaugh, Mary M. (eds.), Current controversies on family violence (2nd ed.), Thousand Oaks, California:
  ISBN 9780761921066
  .

• Koss, Mary P. (June 1985). "The hidden rape victim: personality, attitudinal, and situational characteristics".
  S2CID 144049774
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Gidycz, Christine A.; Wisniewski, Nadine (April 1987). "The scope of rape: incidence and prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of higher education students".
  PMID 3494755. Pdf.
• Koss, Mary P.; Dinero, Thomas E.; Seibel, Cynthia A.; Cox, Susan L. (March 1988). "Stranger and acquaintance rape: are there differences in the victim's experience?".
  S2CID 144857746
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Gidycz, Christine A. (Fall 1991). "Predictors of long-term sexual assault trauma among a national sample of victimized college women".
  S2CID 22539789
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Heslet, Lynette (September 1992). "Somatic consequences of violence against women".
  PMID 1341588. Pdf.
• Koss, Mary P. (June 1993). "Detecting the scope of rape: a review of prevalence research methods".
  S2CID 145469348
  .
• Koss, Mary P. (October 1993). "Rape: scope, impact, interventions, and public policy responses".
  PMID 8256879
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Rozee, Patricia D. (December 2001). "Rape: a century of resistance".
  S2CID 71473792
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Hopkins, C. Quince (May 2005). "Incorporating feminist theory and insights into a restorative justice response to sex offenses".
  S2CID 22330453
  .
• Koss, Mary P.;
  S2CID 144908721. Pdf.
• Koss, Mary P.; Cook, Sarah L.; Gidycz, Christine A.; Murphy, Megan (February 2011). "Emerging issues in the measurement of rape victimization".
  S2CID 206667512
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Malamuth, Neil M.; Hald, Gert Martin (April 2012). "Pornography, individual differences in risk and men's acceptance of violence against women in a representative sample".
  S2CID 51739662
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Thompson, Martie P.; Swartout, Kevin M. (July 2013). "Trajectories and predictors of sexually aggressive behaviors during emerging adulthood".
  PMID 23914305. Pdf.
• Koss, Mary P. (June 2014). "The RESTORE program of restorative justice for sex crimes vision, process, and outcomes".
  S2CID 42113128
  .
• Koss, Mary P.; Wilgus, Jay K.; Williamsen, Kaaren M. (July 2014). "Campus sexual misconduct: restorative justice approaches to enhance compliance with Title IX guidance".
  S2CID 8277484. Pdf.
• Koss, Mary P.; Swartout, Kevin M.; White, Jacquelyn W.; Thompson, Martie P.; Abbey, Antonia; Bellis, Alexandra L. (July 2015). "Trajectory analysis of the campus serial rapist assumption".
  PMID 26168230
  .