Masoumeh Ebtekar
This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. (September 2020) |
Masoumeh Ebtekar | |
---|---|
معصومه ابتکار | |
Member of the City Council of Tehran | |
In office 29 April 2007 – 3 September 2013 | |
Majority | 232,959 (14.06%) |
Personal details | |
Born | Masoumeh Ebtekar 21 September 1960 Tehran, Imperial State of Iran |
Political party | Islamic Iran Participation Front (1998–2010) Union of Islamic Iran People Party (2010–present) |
Spouse | Mohammad Hashemi (m. 1981) |
Children | 2 |
Parent(s) | Taghi Ebtekar (father)[1] Fatemeh Barzegar (mother)[2] |
Alma mater | Shahid Beheshti University Tarbiat Modares University |
Occupation | Politician, Scientist and Journalist |
Signature | |
Website | [3] |
Masoumeh Ebtekar (
Ebtekar was nicknamed "Mary", when she was the spokeswoman of the students who took
Education and family
Ebtekar was born in Tehran as Masoumeh, Niloufar Ebtekar in a middle-class family.[4] Her first name translates to "Innocent Water Lily" in English.[4] Ebtekar's father studied at the University of Pennsylvania, and she lived with her parents in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania, just outside Philadelphia.[5] During her six years in Philadelphia, she developed "near-perfect, American-accented English."[6] Returning to Iran she enrolled in Iranzamin (Tehran International School). Later after graduation as a student, she became a supporter of the political Islam of Ali Shariati and began wearing a traditional black chador covering everything except her face.[7]
Ebtekar holds a BSc degree in laboratory science from Shahid Beheshti University, a MSc and PhD in immunology from Tarbiat Modares University in 1995, where she still teaches. Ebtekar is married to Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi who is a businessman in the private sector. They have two children.
Academic career
Ebtekar has served as faculty member at Tarbiat Modares University, which is a postgraduate academic center located in Tehran. As Professor of Immunology, she has taught, supervised and advised PhD and MSc students. Ebtekar currently teaches cytokines, viral immunology, HIV vaccines, aging, immunology of the nervous system and psychoneuroimmunology.[8] She has currently filed 72 ISI scientific articles in the field of immunology in Scopus in her name.[9] In her speech to the Eleventh International Congress of Immunology in Tehran,[10] she mentioned the detrimental effect of sanctions on the advancement of science in Iran and noted that sanctions should not be directed against nations. Ebtekar is a member of several research board committees and a reviewer for two international and four national immunology journals.[11][12] Ebtekar was promoted to full Professorship in January 2019 and elected as Immunology & Allergy Association in 2018.
Claims of scientific misconduct
On 7 October 2008,
The issue received some political and public attention in Iran.[15] Ebtekar issued a statement admitting she had made a mistake and apologizing for it, but including a list of complaints such as eTBLAST's failure to inform her of their finding in advance, the fact that the article was a review article she was invited to write for the Journal, and that more than 76 references were given in the text.[16]
President of the 12th International Congress of Immunology
In 2013 Ebtekar was elected as the President of the 12th International Congress of Immunology. The Congress was held on 29 April 2014. Ebtekar spoke in the opening ceremony and introduced Rolf Zinkernagel, the Nobel Laureate for Medicine, as the guest of honour.[17]
Social and political career
In 1981, Ebtekar became the editor-in-chief of the English daily newspaper
Early activism and role in the Hostage Crisis
Ebtekar served as spokeswoman for the students in the Iran hostage crisis of 1979, where Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line occupied the US Embassy and held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days. Selected because of her good command of English, she made regular appearances on American television as translator and spokeswoman for the students, where she presented the official positions of the students. She was referred to as "Mary" by foreign press, and "Tiger Lily" by the hostages, a play on the translation of "Niloufar".[19][20]
Ebtekar wrote an account of the embassy takeover with Fred A. Reed titled Takeover in Tehran: The Inside Story of the 1979 U.S. Embassy Capture.[21] Western media have systematically depicted Ebtekar's involvement in a negative manner, as Reed describes: "For twenty years the prevailing 'globalized' version of the embassy capture has cast the students at best as well-intentioned but naive young people manipulated ...and at worst as irresponsible extremists."[22] Elaine Sciolino wrote about Ebtekar's own viewpoint: "Asked by an ABC News correspondent one day whether she could see herself picking up a gun and killing the hostages, she replied: 'yes. When I've seen an American gun being lifted up and killing my brothers and sisters in the streets, of course.'"[19] She is said to be remembered by many Americans (hostages such as David Roeder, Barbara Timm, the mother of hostage Kevin Hermening and those who watched her on television) with a great lack of fondness, in part because "her familiarity with America added profound emphasis to her rejection of it."[23] When asked by an American interviewer (Elaine Sciolino) in the late 1990s about her past as spokeswoman for the hostage-takers, why it did not appear on her resume, and why she had changed her name from Niloufar to Masoumeh, Ebtekar "had no apology and made no excuses" about her role,[24] describing the hostage taking as "the best direction that could have been taken" by Iran at the time, but surprised the interviewer with her "chutzpah", insisting that the interviewer "not write much about these things."[25] Sciolino published this article in the New York Times unaware of the fact that Ebtekar's book (Takeover in Tehran) was in print and would be published in 2001.
She was an advisor of
In the 2012 film Argo, Ebtekar was portrayed by Nikka Far and called only "Tehran Mary" in the credits.
Vice presidency first term (1997–2005)
Ebtekar was the first woman to serve as vice-president of Iran when the reformists came to power. Along with Zahra Shojaei, she participated in the first cabinet since the Islamic Revolution to include women. She has been described as a leftist in Mohammad Khatami's alliance.[6] Ebtekar headed the Department of Environment for eight years, introducing major structural, organizational and directional changes enabling a re-engineering of the government body. During her tenure environmental awareness and support for civil society activism in this area was enhanced.[27]
Ebtekar's appointment led to the revelation of her past, and in the US questions were raised about whether President Khatami was aware of "how deeply" the hostage-taking and holding, and anger towards its foremost public defender, "affected both the American government and the American people."[28] Many academics and literary critiques have written and expressed their views on her published memoirs.[29] Following this, "some ambassadors" in Tehran reportedly stated they would no "longer meet with her" and would "discourage official contract with her office."[30] In her memoirs published as the "Grapes of Shahrivar", Ebtekar repeatedly refers to her cordial and official contacts with not only Western Ambassadors, but also many European Ministers and Presidents as well. (chapters 8-16-23-26-30-32-33)
On
In March 2002, Ebtekar was a keynote speaker at the Meeting of Women Leaders on the Environment in Helsinki, sponsored by the Finnish Ministry of the Environment.[31][32] In September 2002, Ebtekar participated in the World Summit on Sustainable Development, held in Johannesburg, South Africa.[33] In May 2005, she chaired the International Conference on Environment, Peace, and the Dialogue Among Civilizations and Cultures, held in Tehran. This event was organized by Ebtekar's Department of the Environment and also by the United Nations Environment Programme.[34]
Vice presidency second term (2013–2017)
Ebtekar served as vice president and Head of the
The national Low Carbon Economy Strategy was adopted; the Cabinet adopted its INDC and the Paris Agreement, which the Parliament also adopted. This led to important strides in renewable energy including more than 500 MW of new solar plants and much more underway.[38] Restoration of wetlands according to ecosystem management schemes and local community participation was undertaken leading to revival of Houralazim wetland, designation of Hamoun as a Biosphere reserve[39] and improvement of conditions in Urmia Lake and many other wetlands across Iran.[40]
A major campaign to enhance environment education, inclusion of 56 cases of environment related text and publication of the first textbook "Humans and the Environment" are some of the steps taken in this regard.[41] A significant surge in the quantity and quality of civil society activism was the result of planning for enhanced nongovernmental organization participation in policy and oversight.[
The fifth international Green Film festival
Honors and awards
Ebtekar was named one of the seven 2006
In the 2012 and 2023[56] editions of The Muslim500 Ebtekar has been named as one of the 500 most influential Muslims in the world. Under the political section of this yearbook, Ebtekar is described as "a considerable force in the reformist movement in Iran".
On 24 January 2014, Ebtekar was awarded the Energy Globe Foundation Honorary Lifetime Achievement Award in Tehran.[57]
On 29 November 2014, Masoumeh Ebtekar won the Italian Minerva Award for her scientific achievements and successful career in political arena. Minerva Award is a nongovernmental award established in 2009 in the name of Madame Anna Maria Mammoliti, Italian journalist and social activist after her death. The Minerva Award has been presented to famous figures active in different social, economic, political and cultural fields, and the receivers have been mainly women.[58][59][60]
In May 2016 Ebtekar was awarded an Honorary Doctorate Degree in Political Science by the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea.[61][62]
Post vice presidential activism
Ebtekar co-founded the Center for Peace and Environment in 2005, a non-governmental organization devoted to the promotion of just and sustainable peace and the protection of the environment. More than 120 experts and academicians are currently members of the center.[citation needed]
Ebtekar served as a moderator in June 2008 at the International "Women, Equality and Peace" Conference held in Oslo, Norway. The conference was sponsored by the Foundation for
Ebtekar considered for running in the 2009 presidential election after Guardian Council indicated that there is no "legal restraint" against women doing so.[64] However, she withdrew a few weeks before the election.
Ebtekar published her memoir as the first female Vice President of Iran, entitled the Grapes of Shahrivar on May 3, 2009.[65] She has also published a collection of her essays and speeches on the environment and sustainable development, called Natural Peace.[66] After leaving her government position in 2005, Ebtekar has spoken as inaugural or keynote speaker at many international events.
Membership in Tehran City Council
Ebtekar ran for and was elected to the
After election to the City Council of Tehran in early 2007, Ebtekar began a weblog in Persian entitled "EbtekareSabz" under the free blog service Persianblog. In her blog she wrote 430 posts in environmental, political, social and women's issues, posted over 10,000 comments, the blog had one million viewers in 3.5 years. EbtekareSabz, which criticized the policies of the government and supported the reformist movement in Iran, was filtered by the Government once in early 2010 and again in June 2010.[68] and finally obstructed with a judicial verdict in August.[69] Citing the "right to freedom of expression in our constitution" as her incentive, she continued blogging by setting up a new blog.[70]
In 2009, the
In May 2013, Ebtekar signed up as a candidate for Tehran in the
Reappointment as Vice President
After
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran, Iranian state media announced that Ebtekar had been diagnosed with COVID-19. The infection was described as mild and she was not admitted to hospital.[90] On 11 March, Ebtekar tweeted that she had recovered from the virus.[91]
Books
In 2010 Ebtekar contributed to Moral Ground a testimony of over eighty visionaries—theologians and religious leaders, scientists, elected officials, business leaders, naturalists, activists, and writers—to present a diverse and compelling call to honor our individual and collective moral responsibility to our planet.[92] In her essay entitled "Peace and Sustainability Depend on the Spiritual and the Feminine" Ebtekar provides her views on the interrelated nature of peace and sustainable development. She also took part in a project to develop a book entitled Women, Power and Politics in 21st Century Iran. The book, published in 2012 by Ashgate, provides an objective perspective on the conditions of women in Iran. Chapter 10 titled "Women and the Environment" has been authored by Massoumeh Ebtekar. In 2011 Ebtekar also co-authored a chapter in the book Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells published by Springer. Chapter 3 "Characteristics of Cord Blood Cells" is a review performed by a team of researchers in Iran.
See also
References
- ^ "معصومه ابتکار؛ از تسخیر لانه جاسوسی تا ریاست دوباره سازمان محیط زیست". Mehrnews.com. 10 September 2013.
- ^ "پاسخ مادر معصومه ابتکار به اتهامات یک خبرگزاری خاص". Bornanews.ir. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ "Local vote embarrassing Iran president - Yahoo! News". 27 December 2006. Archived from the original on 27 December 2006.
- ^ a b Janjigian, Jane (26 February 1981). "What next for 'Mary' of Tehran?". Chicago Tribune. p. B4.
- ^ "A Brief History of Global Engagement at the University of Pennsylvania". Archives.upenn.edu, University of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
- ^ a b Sciolino, Elaine, Persian Mirrors : the Elusive Face of Iran, Free Press, (2005), p. 116
- Atlantic Monthly Press, 2006, p. 161
- ^ "Welcome to Scopus". Scopus.
- ^ "Scopus preview - Scopus - Author details (Ebtekar, Massoumeh)". Scopus.com.
- ^ "Persian Paradox". Ebtekarm.blogspot.com.
- ^ "صندوق حمایت از پژوهشگران و فناوران کشور – خانه". Insf.org.
- ^ "International Scholarly Research Notices - An Open Access Journal". Hindawi.com. Archived from the original on 19 March 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
- ^ a b [1][permanent dead link]
- ^ Iranian paper sparks sense of deja vu, Nature.com, 23 October 2008, Vol 455,
- ^ "Alef.ir". Alef.ir. Archived from the original on 31 October 2008. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
- ^ "ابتكار سبز >> بازگشت از بارسلون و پاسخ به یک ادعا". Greenebtekar.persianblog.ir. Archived from the original on 5 February 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
- ^ "کنگره بین المللی ایمونولوژی و آلرژی ایران". Icia.ir.
- .
Translated from Persian by Ethan Rundell
- ^ a b Sciolino, Persian Mirrors, (2005), p. 117
- ISBN 978-0313375101.
- ISBN 0-88922-443-9. The Persiantranslation of this book was published in Tehran by Etellaat Newspaper Publications the same year and the Arabic translation was published in Beirut by Al Hadi Publications.
- ^ Takeover in Tehran, 2001, Talon Books, p. 16
- ^ Bowden, Mark, Guests of the Ayatollah, Atlantic Monthly Press, 2006, pp. 162–3
- ^ "Top Woman in Iran's Government Once Spoke for Hostage-Takers", New York Times, January 28, 1998, p. A6
- ^ Sciolino, Persian Mirrors (2005), p. 118
- ISBN 9780815651192
- ^ "Women, Power and Politics in 21st Century Iran". Routledge.com. 28 April 2012. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
- ^ "Top Woman in Iran's Government Once Spoke for Hostage-Takers," New York Times, January 28, 1998, p. A6
- ^ "Takeover in Tehran (Book Review): 675". Middle East Journal. 55 (3). 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ "Haven't I seen you somewhere before?", New York Times, Feb. 1, 1998
- ^ "Women leaders' environmental meeting discusses globalisation and pove…". Archived from the original on 17 February 2013.
- ^ "Environment: Women Environment Leaders Grapple with Globalisation". Ipsnews.net. 9 March 2002.
- ^ "Chairperson's summaries of the round tables" (PDF). p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
- ^ "A summary report of the International Conference on Environment, Peace, and the Dialogue among Civilizations and Cultures: 9-10 May 2005" (PDF). Iisd.ca. pp. 3–10.
- ^ انتخاب, پایگاه خبری تحلیلی (10 September 2013). "شمخانی دبیر شورای عالی امنیت ملی شد، ابتکار رییس سازمان محیط زیست". پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب | Entekhab.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ "President Rouhani urges protecting environment". Irna.ir.
- ^ "Iran's Struggle with Air Pollution". Lobelog.com. 7 March 2016.
- ^ "UNFCCC". Newsroom.unfccc.int.
- ^ "UNESCO registers Lake Hamoun as biosphere reserve". Tehrantimes.com. 3 April 2016.
- ^ "Wetlands for our future: Sustainable livelihood". Archived from the original on 2 May 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ "ورود "حقوق شهروندی"، "محیط زیست" و "نانو" به کتب درسی". Isna.ir. 29 December 2013.
- ^ "سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست -اصلی-سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست/مصوبه قرق های اختصاصی برای اجرا ابلاغ شد". Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
- ^ "بازدید معاون رییس جمهور از مرکز آموزش های محیط بانی دانشگاه محیط زیست". coe.ac.ir. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ "The Legacy of Massoumeh Ebtekar in Iran's Department of Environment - diplomacy". diplomacy. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ "Green Film Festival Opens After 10 Years". Financialtribune.com. 13 May 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ "Iran marks World Environment Day with national award". Tehrantimes.com. 7 June 2017.
- ^ Entekhab.ir, پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب. "کمپین نه به ظروف یکبار مصرف پلاستیکی". پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب - Entekhab.ir.
- ^ "کمپین "50 گرم" با هدف کاهش تولید زباله آغاز میشود". Nasimonline.ir. 31 October 2014.
- ^ "سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست /اصلی/سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست/کمپین 18 درجه، چرا که نه؟!". Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- ^ "آغاز کمپین ملی جلوگیری از اسراف غذا". Akhbarrasmi.com. 29 October 2016.
- ^ "Paradise Lost? Developing solutions to Iran's environmental crisis" (PDF). Smallmedia.org.uk. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
- ^ "United Nations News Centre". UN News Service Section. 23 March 2006.
- ^ BaniComm Co. "Iranian Students News Agency (in Persian)". Isna.ir. Archived from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
- ^ "Champions of the Earth - United Nations Environment Programme". Archived from the original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
- ^ Vidal, John; Adam, David; Watts, Jonathan; Hickman, Leo; Sample, Ian (5 January 2008). "50 people who could save the planet". The Guardian. London.
- ^ "Masoumeh Ebtekar".
- ^ "Energy Globe Award / News". Energyglobe.info. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2014.
- ^ "Ebtekar receives Italy's Minerva Award". The Iran Project. 29 November 2014.
- ^ "Premio Minerva 2014, le vincitrici". Roma – La Repubblica. 27 November 2014.
- ^ "Premio Minerva XXV edizione 2014". Repubblica.it. 27 November 2014.
- ^ "S Korean uni. gives Ebtekar honorary doctorate degree". En.mehrnews.com. 17 May 2016.
- ^ "Iranian Vice President gets honorary doctorate". Archived from the original on 22 September 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
- ^ "FarZaneHJournal.COM". En.farzanehjournal.com. Archived from the original on 16 February 2013.
- ^ "Reformist clerics declare support for Mousavi". Tehran Times. 13 April 2009.
- ^ Ebtekar, Masoumeh (3 May 2009). "Memoirs". Green Ebtekar. Archived from the original on 2 June 2009. Retrieved 31 December 2012. Published by Etelleat Newspaper Publishing House, the memoirs refer to the events of the reforms period in Iran.
- ^ published in 2005 by the Iranian Department of Environment. These speeches include titles such as Human Rights and Challenges of the Century, Perspectives on Sustainable Development and the Role of the Woman in Iranian Society, etc. She also had two articles from Natural Peace published in Our Planet Archived 2011-12-13 at the Wayback Machine, the Magazine of the United Nations Environment Program (in 2005), and Market Messengers (in 2006). www.unep.org
- ^ "Local vote embarrassing Iran president". Archived from the original on 27 December 2006.
- ^ "وبلاگ معصومه ابتکار فیلتر شد". Aftabnews.ir. Archived from the original on 14 June 2010. Retrieved 7 October 2010.
- ^ [2][permanent dead link]
- ^ "ابتکار سبز". Greenebtekar2.blogspot.com.
- ^ "In Iran, From Heroes to State Enemies". The New York Times. 4 November 2009.
- ^ "Why Iran's City Council Elections Matter". Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East. 17 May 2013.
- ^ ايران, عصر. "معصومه ابتکار: به خاطر پارازیت و آلودگی هوا ردصلاحیت شدم". عصر ايران.
- ^ ""معصومه ابتکار" رئیس سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست شد". Tabnak.ir.
- ^ "President appoints Dr Masoumeh Ebtekar as VP for women, family affairs".
- ^ "شاخصهای اصلی عدالت جنسیتی تصویب شد". 6 March 2018.
- ^ "معاون امور بانوان رئیس جمهور: اجرای سند وضعیت زنان "ارتقای شاخصهای عدالت جنسیتی" را به دنبال دارد- اخبار کردستان - اخبار استانها تسنیم | Tasnim".
- ^ "راه اندازی سامانه رصد و پایش شاخص های عدالت جنسیتی". 15 December 2020.
- ^ "جزئیات مقررات جدید انتصاب مدیران/زنان صاحب 30درصد کُرسیهای مدیریتی میشوند- اخبار اقتصادی تسنیم | Tasnim".
- ^ "ابتکار: ۸۴۰۰ زن طی دولت دوازدهم وارد عرصه مدیریت شدند". 20 April 2021.
- ^ "ابتکار: اولین سفیر زن را امام خمینی (ره) تعیین کرد". 4 June 2021.
- ^ ابتکار: تعداد مدیران زن در دولت دوازدهم به بیش از ۲۵ درصد رسید IRNA. (in Persian). Retrieved 28 March 2023
- ^ "تدوین ۱۲ لایحه حقوقی در جهت حمایت از بانوان توسط معاونت زنان". 27 January 2021.
- ^ "ابتکار تصویب لایحه حمایت از زنان را به بانوان صبور ایرانی تقدیم کرد". irna.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ "ابتکار: لایحه حمایت از زنان در برابر خشونت اعلام وصول شد". irna.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ "تحلیل قانون حمایت از اطفال و نوجوانان مصوب ۱۳۹۹". Irna (in Persian). Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ Bartarinha[dead link]
- ^ "تصویب لایحه امکان برداشت مادران از حساب سپرده فرزندان". Irna (in Persian). Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ "ابتکار: تنقیح مقررات زنان تصویب شد". 30 August 2021.
- ^ "Coronavirus: Iran's vice president Masoumeh Ebtekar has COVID-19 as 26 are killed by virus". Sky News. 28 February 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- Times of Israel. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2020.
- ^ "Book – Moral Ground". Moralground.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2012.