Matthew 20

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Matthew 20
The Latin text of Matthew 20:27-30 in Codex Claromontanus V, from 4th or 5th century
BookGospel of Matthew
CategoryGospel
Christian Bible partNew Testament
Order in the Christian part1
Gospel of
Matthew
Chapters

Matthew 20 is the twentieth chapter in the

Perea and Jericho, heading towards Jerusalem, which he enters in the following chapter
.

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 34 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter include:

Structure

Bartimaeus
, by Johann Heinrich Stöver, 1861. Bartimaeus is not named in Matthew's narrative.

The New King James Version (NKJV) organises this chapter as follows:

Continuity with Matthew 19

The

E. H. Plumptre argues that the division of the chapters at this point is "singularly unfortunate, as separating the parable both from the events which gave occasion to it and from the teaching which it illustrates. It is not too much to say that we can scarcely understand it at all unless we connect it with the history of the young ruler who had great possessions, and the claims which the disciples had made for themselves when they contrasted their readiness with his reluctance".[2] Lutheran Pietist Johann Bengel argues, likewise, that a link is to be made with Peter's enquiry in Matthew 19:27: "See, we have left all and followed You. Therefore what shall we have?" [3]

The appointment of Jesus'

James and John (Matthew 20:20–21
).

Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard

Main article: Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard
Johann Albrecht Bengel

This parable is only related by Matthew.

landowner who went out early in the morning to hire laborers for his vineyard".[5]

Verse 2

Now when he [the landowner] had agreed with the laborers for a denarius a day, he sent them into his vineyard.[6]

Bengel notes that the

liberality".[3]

Verses 9 through 12

Many details of the parable, including when the workers receive their pay at the end of the day, the complaints from those who worked a full day, and the response from the king/landowner are paralleled in a similar parable found in tractate Berakhot in the Jerusalem Talmud.[7]

Verse 16

So the last will be first, and the first last. For many are called, but few chosen.[8]

The second part of this verse, For many are called, but few [are] chosen, is not included in Codex Vaticanus, Codex Regius, Codex Dublinensis or Codex Sinaiticus.[4] The words are included in the Textus Receptus,[9] and by Scrivener,[10] and they appear in the King James Version, but they are omitted from the American Standard Version and the New International Version.

The journey towards Jerusalem

Verse 17

Now Jesus, going up to Jerusalem, took the twelve disciples aside on the road, and said to them,[11]

This verse continues the journey commenced in Matthew 19:1.[4] There are three typical readings of this verse:

Et ascendens Jesus Jerosolymam, assumpsit duodecim discipulos secreto, et ait illis:[13]
And Jesus going up to Jerusalem, took the twelve disciples apart, and said to them:[14]

Verse 20

Then the mother of Zebedee’s sons came to Him with her sons, kneeling down and asking something from Him.[15]

The mother of

Mark 15:40".[16] Her request is described as "ambitious".[17]

Departure from Jericho

Matthew's narrative portrays the

Ethiopic version, uniquely, reads here "as they went out from Jerusalem".[18]

See also

References

  1. ^ Nicoll, W. R., Expositor's Greek Testament on Matthew 20, accessed 5 February 2017
  2. ^ Plumptre, E. H., in Ellicott's Commentary for Modern Readers on Matthew 20, accessed 5 February 2017
  3. ^ a b Bengel, J. A., Gnomon of the New Testament on Matthew 20, accessed 28 September 2019
  4. ^ a b c Meyer, H. A. W., Meyer's NT Commentary: Matthew 20, accessed 29 September 2019
  5. ^ Matthew 20:1: NKJV
  6. ^ Matthew 20:2: NKJV
  7. ^ intertextual.bible/text/matthew-20.9-jerusalem-berakhot-2.8
  8. ^ Matthew 20:16: NKJV
  9. ^ Matthew 20:16: Textus Receptus
  10. ^ Matthew 20:16: 1894 Scrivener New Testament
  11. ^ Matthew 20:17 NKJV
  12. ^ Various readings of Matthew 20:17 at BibleGateway.com
  13. ^ Matthew 20:17: Vulgate
  14. ^ Matthew 20:17: Douay-Rheims 1899 American Edition
  15. ^ Matthew 20:20: NKJV
  16. ^ Carr, A., Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on Matthew 20, accessed 30 September 2019
  17. ^ "James (New Testament)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911.
  18. ^ Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible on Matthew 20, accessed 5 February 2017

External links

Preceded by
Matthew 19 		Chapters of the New Testament
Gospel of Matthew 		Succeeded by
Matthew 21
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