Maulino forest

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Bío Bío Region
.

Maulino forest (

temperate rain forests.[1]

Flora

The chief tree species is

Gomortega keule
.

José San Martín and Claudio Donoso identify three forest subtypes:[1]

Maulino forest stand out for its high degree of endemism.[1][2]

Fauna

Native birds include the Magellanic tapaculo (Scytalopus magellanicus), ochre-flanked tapaculo (Eugralla paradoxa), and Chestnut-throated huet-huet (Pteroptochos castaneus).[3]

The southern pudu (Pudu puda) has been observed in the forest, including at Tregualemu in Pelluhue municipality.[4]

Fragmentation and degradation

Large swathes of former Maulino forest were cleared for agriculture. This led to significant soil erosion before the areas were planted with Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata.[1] Fragmentation by plantations have had limited or no apparent effect on the native fauna of understory birds (tapaculos)[3] and epigeic beetles.[2] It has been suggested the fragmentation by plantations do not have any major impact if the plantations contain an adequate understory.[2][3] However, the diversity of small mammals has been reduced by fragmentation.[5]

By unit area the tree species richness is greater in small Maulino forest fragments than in the larger fragment protected in Los Queules National Reserve.[6] While fragmented Maulino forest have been to some degree invaded by exotic species these fragments are still valuable for their native species diversity.[7] In view of this researchers Pablo I. Becerra and Javier A. Simonetti fragmentation is a lesser evil compared with the replacement of Maulino forest.[7]

Protected areas

queule
(Gomortega keule), after which the reserve is named.

Los Ruiles National Reserve protects about 45 hectares of Maulino forest, which include ruil (Nothofagus alessandrii) after which the reserve is named.[8]

References

  1. ^ .
  2. ^ a b c Grez, Audrey A.; Moreno, Paloma; Elgueta, Mario (2003). "Coleópteros (Insecta: Coleoptera) epígeos asociados al bosque maulino y plantaciones de pino aledañas" (PDF). Revista Chilena de Entomología (in Spanish). 29: 9–18. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  3. ^
    Biodiversity & Conservation
    . 15 (12): 3937–3947.
  4. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T18848A22164089. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18848A22164089.en
    . Accessed 24 April 2023.
  5. .
  6. ^ a b Bustamante, Ramiro O.; Simonetti, Javier A.; Grez, Audrey A.; San Martín, José (2005). "Fragmentación y dinámica de regeneración del bosque Maulino: diagnóstico actual y perspectivas futuras" [Fragmentation and regeneration dynamics of the Maulino forest: present status and future prospects] (PDF). In Smith, C.; Armesto, J.; Valdovinos, C. (eds.). Historia, biodiversidad y ecología de los bosques costeros de Chile (in Spanish). pp. 529–539.
  7. ^ .
  8. ^ Müller, Frank & Pereira, Iris. (2006). The bryophyte flora of nature reserves in central Chile. 1. The moss flora of Los Ruiles Nature Reserve, near Talca. Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution. 27. 10.11646/bde.27.1.8.