Maulino forest
Maulino forest (
Flora
The chief tree species is
José San Martín and Claudio Donoso identify three forest subtypes:[1]
- Nothofagus glauca forests
- Nothofagus antarctica forests
- Nothofagus alessandrii forest
Maulino forest stand out for its high degree of endemism.[1][2]
Fauna
Native birds include the Magellanic tapaculo (Scytalopus magellanicus), ochre-flanked tapaculo (Eugralla paradoxa), and Chestnut-throated huet-huet (Pteroptochos castaneus).[3]
The southern pudu (Pudu puda) has been observed in the forest, including at Tregualemu in Pelluhue municipality.[4]
Fragmentation and degradation
Large swathes of former Maulino forest were cleared for agriculture. This led to significant soil erosion before the areas were planted with Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata.[1] Fragmentation by plantations have had limited or no apparent effect on the native fauna of understory birds (tapaculos)[3] and epigeic beetles.[2] It has been suggested the fragmentation by plantations do not have any major impact if the plantations contain an adequate understory.[2][3] However, the diversity of small mammals has been reduced by fragmentation.[5]
By unit area the tree species richness is greater in small Maulino forest fragments than in the larger fragment protected in Los Queules National Reserve.[6] While fragmented Maulino forest have been to some degree invaded by exotic species these fragments are still valuable for their native species diversity.[7] In view of this researchers Pablo I. Becerra and Javier A. Simonetti fragmentation is a lesser evil compared with the replacement of Maulino forest.[7]
Protected areas
Los Ruiles National Reserve protects about 45 hectares of Maulino forest, which include ruil (Nothofagus alessandrii) after which the reserve is named.[8]
References
- ^ ISBN 9561112841.
- ^ a b c Grez, Audrey A.; Moreno, Paloma; Elgueta, Mario (2003). "Coleópteros (Insecta: Coleoptera) epígeos asociados al bosque maulino y plantaciones de pino aledañas" (PDF). Revista Chilena de Entomología (in Spanish). 29: 9–18. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
- ^ Biodiversity & Conservation. 15 (12): 3937–3947.
- The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T18848A22164089. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18848A22164089.en. Accessed 24 April 2023.
- hdl:10533/175929.
- ^ a b Bustamante, Ramiro O.; Simonetti, Javier A.; Grez, Audrey A.; San Martín, José (2005). "Fragmentación y dinámica de regeneración del bosque Maulino: diagnóstico actual y perspectivas futuras" [Fragmentation and regeneration dynamics of the Maulino forest: present status and future prospects] (PDF). In Smith, C.; Armesto, J.; Valdovinos, C. (eds.). Historia, biodiversidad y ecología de los bosques costeros de Chile (in Spanish). pp. 529–539.
- ^ .
- ^ Müller, Frank & Pereira, Iris. (2006). The bryophyte flora of nature reserves in central Chile. 1. The moss flora of Los Ruiles Nature Reserve, near Talca. Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution. 27. 10.11646/bde.27.1.8.