Mauretania Caesariensis
Late Antiquity | |||||||||||||
• Incorporated into the Roman Empire as a full province | 42 AD | ||||||||||||
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• Vandal Conquest | 430s AD | ||||||||||||
• Byzantine partial reconquest by Vandalic War | 534 AD | ||||||||||||
Late 7th Century | |||||||||||||
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Today part of | Algeria |
History of Algeria |
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Mauretania Caesariensis (
The province had been part of the Kingdom of
History
In the middle of 1st century AD,
Mauretania Caesariensis included eight colonies founded by the Emperor
in all 21 well-known colonies, besides several municipia and oppida Latina.Under
At the time of Diocletian and Constantine the Great, both Sitifensis and Caesariensis were assigned to the administrative Diocese of Africa, under the Praetorian prefecture of Italy, while Tingitana belonged to the Diocese of Hispania under the Praetorian prefecture of Gaul, so it was an enclave separate from the European territory of Diocese and Prefecture it belonged to.
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, a Germanic Vandal Kingdom was founded, but the remaining Eastern Empire (now known to historians as the Byzantine Empire) recaptured the area around 533, but most of Mauretania Caesariensis remained under the control of local Moorish rulers such as Mastigas, and it was not until the 560s and 570s that Byzantine control was established inland.
During the reign of Maurice, the empire was reorganized and a number of Exarchates were founded, among them the Exarchate of Africa which included Mauretania, among other territories. Mauretania Sitifensis was re-merged back into this province, and was granted the name "Mauretania Prima".
The Muslim conquest of the Maghreb for the caliphate under the Umayyad dynasty meant the end of the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa and Late Antique Roman culture there and Mauretania Caesariensis became part of the westernmost Islamic province called Maghreb.[citation needed]
Economy
The principal exports from Caesariensis were purple dyes and valuable woods; and the
Religion
Caesarea was a major center of
Among the ruling class, Trinitarian Christianity was replaced by Arianism under the Germanic kingdom of the Vandals, which was established in 430, when the Vandals crossed the Strait of Gibraltar.
Episcopal sees
Ancient episcopal sees of Mauretania Caesariensis listed in the Annuario Pontificio as titular sees:[3]
- Ala Miliaria(Beniane)
- Albulae
- Altava (Ouled Mimoun, Hadjar-Er-Roum)
- Amaura (Amourah)
- Ambia (near Hammam-Bou-Hanifia)
- Aquae in Mauretania (Hammam Righa District)
- Aquae Sirenses (ruins at Hammam-Bou-Hanifia)
- Arena(Bou-Saada?)
- Arsennaria (Bou-Râs?)
- Auzia (Aumale, Sour-Khazlam)
- Bacanaria
- Baliana(L'Hillil?)
- Bapara(near the promontory of Ksila?)
- Benepota
- Bida (ruins of Djemâa-Sahridj?)
- Caesarea in Mauretania (now Cherchell), the Metropolitan Archbishopric
- Caltadria
- Capra
- El-Gouéa?)
- Cartennae
- Castellum Ripae (ruins of Hadjar-Ouaghef?)
- Castellum Tatroportus
- Al Asnam)
- Castellum Iabar
- Castellum Medianum
- Castellum Minus (Coléa, near Algiers)
- Castra Nova (Mohammadia)
- Castra Severiana (Lalla Marnia? Chanzy, Sidi-Ali-Ben-Joub?)
- Catabum Castra (Saint-Aimé, Djidioua?)
- Catrum
- Oued Damous?)
- Cenae (Kenais Islands)
- Cissi (Djinet)
- Columnata(Khemisti)
- Corniculana
- Elephantaria in Mauretania (ruins at (El) Harrach)
- Fallaba(Djelfa?)
- Fidoloma
- Flenucleta
- Floriana, Mauritania (Letourneux, Derrag?)
- Flumenzer (Bou Medfa)
- Fronta
- Giru Mons (ruins of Yerroum?)
- Gratianopolis
- Sidi-Brahim)
- Gypsaria (Honeïn)
- Ida in Mauretania
- Igilgilli (in the valley of Bou-Sellam?)
- Tzigiri)
- Ita
- Iunca in Mauretania
- Lamdia(Médéa)
- Lari Castellum (Imilaën)
- Maiuca
- Malliana(Khemis Miliana)
- Manaccenser (in the region of Cherchell)
- Masuccaba
- Maturba
- Maura (Douelt-Zerga?)
- Mauriana
- Al-Asnam?)
- Media
- Rezilane)
- Muteci (near Aïn-El-Anab?)
- Nabala
- Nasbinca
- Noba
- Novica (ruins of Aïn-Nouïssy?)
- Numida (in the territory of Amoura, cfr supra Amaura)
- Obbi, Mauretania
- Obori (Sidi Fredj)
- Oppidum Novum (Aïn Defla)
- Panatoria
- Pomaria (Tlemcen)
- Masqueray, Sour-Djouab)
- Regiae (Arbal)
- Reperi
- Rusada (Azeffoun)
- Rusguniae (Tamentfoust)
- Rusubbicari (Mers El Hadjadj)
- Tiza)
- Rusuccuru
- Satafi
- Sereddeli
- Serta
- Sesta]
- Sfasferia
- Siccesi (ruins of Takembrit)
- Sinnada in Mauretania(ruins of Kenada?)
- Sita (in the west of the province
- Subbar
- Sufar
- Sufasar (Amourah)
- Summula
- Tabaicara
- Tabla (Tablat?, Tablast?)
- Taborenta (ruins near Saida?)
- Tabunia
- Masqueray?)
- Tamazuca (ruins of Grimidi?)
- Tanaramusa (Mousaïaville, El-Hadjeab? Berrouaghia?)
- Tasaccora (Sigi)
- Tatilti (Souk El Khemis)
- Tigamibena
- Tigava (El-Kherba)
- Tigisis (between Dellys and Taourga)
- Timsionin?)
- Timidana
- Tingaria (Tiaret?)
- Tipasa in Mauretania
- Tubia (ruins of Henchir-Toubia?)
- Tubunae in Mauretania
- Turris in Mauretania
- Tuscamia
- Ubaba
- Usinaza (Seneg)
- Sidi-Ben-Thiour)
- Vanariona (ruins of Ksar-Tyr?)
- Vannida
- Vardimissa (near Medjana)
- Villa Nova, Mauritania
- Oued-Melahriver?)
- Voncaria (ruins of Boghar?)
- Voncariana (near the ruins of Boghasi?)
- Vulturia (ruins at the Falco promontory?)
- Zucchabar
See also
References
- ISBN 978-1-84701-063-6.
- ^ Map of Mauretania Sitifensis (in blue color) and Mauretania Caesariensis (in light brown color)
- ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), "Sedi titolari", pp. 819-1013
Sources
- Westermann, Großer Atlas zur Weltgschichte (in German)