Mazra'a

Coordinates: 32°58′59″N 35°5′51″E / 32.98306°N 35.09750°E / 32.98306; 35.09750
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Mazraa (disambiguation).
Mazra'a
  • מַזְרַעָה‎
  • المزرعة
Baha'u'llah lived 1877-1879. During 1932-1949 it was the home of General and Mrs. McNeill[3]
Mazra'a is located in Northwest Israel
Mazra'a
Mazra'a
Coordinates: 32°58′59″N 35°5′51″E / 32.98306°N 35.09750°E / 32.98306; 35.09750
Grid position159/265 PAL
DistrictNorthern
Government
 • Head of MunicipalityFuaad Awad (since 11/2013)
Population
 (2022)[4]
 • Total4,115
Name meaning"The sown land"[5]

Mazra'a (

Matte Asher Regional Council in 1982, before proclaiming itself an independent local council again in 1996. In 2022 it had a population of 4,115.[4]

Etymology

The

place name used to refer to cultivated lands outside of and dependent upon a primary settlement.[6] In Crusader times, the village was known as le Mezera, according to Victor Guérin, while to Arabs in medieval times, it was known as al-Mazra'ah.[7][8]

History

In 1253, during the

Lord of Caesarea, leased Mazra'a to the Hospitalliers.[9]
Mazra'a is mentioned in the 1283
Latin Kingdom of the Crusaders that controlled some territories in the Levant between 1099 and 1291. At the time of the treaty, Mazra'a was said to be still under Crusaders control.[10][11] A 50 metre long wall to the west of the village centre, dating from the period, is thought to be the remnants of a fortified structure, mentioned by travel writers.[8]

Ottoman Empire

Mazra'a was incorporated into the

Muslim households, and the villagers paid a fixed tax-rate of 25% on wheat, barley, cotton, in addition to "occasional revenues," goats, beehives, and water buffaloes; a total of 5,352 akçe. 14/24 of the revenue went to a waqf.[12]

In the 1760s, Mazra'a was one of five villages in

Jezzar Pasha, the new governor of Acre, first returned the villages to their local sheiks, later dividing the income collected from them between himself and the local official.[13]

French map of the area, in 1799. Mazra'a is named "El Masar".[1]

A map by

Napoleon Bonaparte himself described El-Mazara as a village of hundreds of Christians.[15]

Victor Guérin, who visited the place in 1875, described Mezra'a as a village with a very small number of inhabitants, sepulchral grottos, cisterns, and a number of houses built of stone. The remains of a small castle fort are dated by him to the Middle Ages, if not earlier. Not far from it lay a number of columns that once ornamented a church. Close to the village was a khan said to have been built by Jezzar Pasha from which an aqueduct traveled through the valley under high arches.[7]

In 1881, the

mulberries, and arable land; the aqueduct supplies good water."[16]

A population list from about 1887 showed that el Mazra'h had about 185 inhabitants, all Muslim.[17]

British Mandate

View of the Mansion of Mazra'a.

In the

Baháʼís, in a total of 78 houses.[19]

In the 1945 statistics the population of Mazra was 430; 410 Muslims, 10 Christians and 10 classified as “others”.[20] The land area was counted together with those of

Shavei Zion, Ein Sara and Ga'aton and totalled 7,407 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey.[20][21] A total of 737 dunams were for citrus and bananas, 1,631 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 4,033 used for cereals,[22] while 113 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[23]

Israel

Mazra'a is one of the few

al-Zeeb and al-Bassa, assaulted and depopulated during Operation Ben-Ami beginning on 13 May 1948, two days before the official outbreak of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.[24] This caused the population to increase from 460 in 1946 to 620 in 1951.[25]

The land area of 312 hectares owned by Mazra'a in 1945 was reduced to 30 hectares in 1962, for reasons that included an expropriation of 155 hectares by the Israeli government in 1953–54.[26]

Notable structures

Vaulted medieval building

The medieval building is located on the east side of the

troughs found in the smaller room indicated that it might have been a stable.[8][27]

Khan al Waqif

The building is a square enclosure, located about 800 m. north of the village, and it is associated with the construction of the Kabri aqueduct at the beginning of the nineteenth century.[28] On the NE and the NW corners of the courtyard are staircases leading to the flat roof. The south part of the building consists of a vaulted hall, with an arcade of six arches facing the courtyard.[28]

Khan Evron

This building is located about 1 km north-east of the village, just south of the Kabri aqueduct. The design is very similar to the Khan al Waqif, and it is assumed that they date from the same age.[29]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Jacotin, 1826. See also Siege of Acre (1799)
  2. ^ Survey of Western Palestine-map, 1870s;
  3. ^ Abassi and Near, 2007, pp. 24-54
  4. ^ a b "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  5. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 52
  6. ^ Pringle, 1998, p. 30.
  7. ^ a b Guérin, 1880, p. 163.
  8. ^ a b c Pringle, 1997, p. 70
  9. ^ Delaville Le Roulx, 1883, pp. 185-186, No. 82, cited in Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 324, No. 1233; cited in Pringle, 2009, p. 242
  10. ^ Barag, 1979, p. 205, #25; Cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 216
  11. ^ Khamisy, 2013, p. 94, #33
  12. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 194. Also cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 218
  13. ^ Cohen, 1973, pp. 133-135. Cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 218
  14. ^ Karmon, 1960, p. 162.
  15. ^ Correspondance inédite officielle et confidentielle de Napoléon Bonaparte (Paris, 1819), vol. 4, p. 290
  16. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 147
  17. ^ Schumacher, 1888, p. 172
  18. ^ Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Acre, p. 36
  19. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 102
  20. ^ a b Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 4
  21. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 40
  22. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 80
  23. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 131
  24. ^ a b Morris, 2004, p. 253
  25. doi:10.1080/00263208708700721
    .
  26. ^ Sabri Jiryis (1976). "The Land Question in Israel". MERIP Reports (47): 5–20, 24–26.
  27. ^ Petersen, 2001, p. 218
  28. ^ a b Petersen, 2001, p. 219
  29. ^ Petersen, 2001, pp. 219-220.

Bibliography

External links

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