Mean platelet volume
 | This article needs more primary sources. (November 2021) |  |
| Mean platelet volume | |
|---|---|
| Purpose | can be used to make inferences about platelet production in bone marrow or platelet destruction problems |
Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a machine-calculated measurement of the average size of platelets found in blood and is typically included in blood tests as part of the CBC. Since the average platelet size is larger when the body is producing increased numbers of platelets, the MPV test results can be used to make inferences about platelet production in bone marrow or platelet destruction problems.[1]
An increased mean platelet volume (MPV) increases the risk to suffer a heart disease [2]
MPV may be higher when there is destruction of platelets. This may be seen in
Abnormally low MPV values may correlate with thrombocytopenia when it is due to impaired production of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, such as in aplastic anemia. A low MPV may indicate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.[4] A high MPV is also a bad prognostic marker in patients with sepsis or septic shock.[5][6] In addition, low MPV may correlate with abnormally small platelet size, sometimes a symptom of a spectrum referred to as Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS),[7] caused by a genetic mutation of the WAS gene.
Sample for MPV testing is obtained in a Lavender-Top EDTA tube. A typical range of platelet volumes is 9.4–12.3 fL
Conditions associated with altered MPV
Decreased MPV
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy
- Hypersplenism
- Reactive thrombocytosis
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Gilbert's syndrome
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
- X linked thrombocytopenia
- Crohn's disease
- Ulcerative colitis
- Aplastic anemia
- Megaloblastic anemia[9]
Increased MPV
- Immune thrombocytopenia
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Myeloproliferative disorders
- Administration of erythropoietin / thrombopoietin
- Recovery from transient hypoplasia
- Gray platelet syndrome
- GATA-1 mutation
- vWD Type 2B
- Platelet Type vWD
- Paris-Trousseau syndrome[10]
- Mediterranean macrothrombocytopenia
- Bernard–Soulier syndrome[11]
- MYH9-related disorders
- 21q11 deletion syndrome
- Chronic myelogenous leukemia
- Post-splenectomy
- Vasculitis
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pre-eclampsia
- Chronic kidney disease
- Respiratory diseases
- Thrombocytopenia secondary to sepsis
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Myocardial infarction
- Artificial heart valves
- Massive hemorrhage
Inherited thrombocytopenia with normal MPV
- ATRUS Syndrome
- Thrombocytopenia 2 (THC2)
- Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
- TAR syndrome
- Familial platelet disorder with predisposition to AML
References
- ^ "Complete Blood Count (CBC)". Testing.com.
- S2CID 85367.
- PMID 19722752.
- PMID 23058104.
- PMID 33776267.
- PMID 25118886.
- ^ "Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome". Immune Deficiency Foundation. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
- ^ "CBC (Complete Blood Count), Blood". www.healthcare.uiowa.edu. Retrieved 2018-02-22.
- ISBN 9780683307511.
- ^ "Paris-Trousseau syndrome". MrLabTest. Retrieved 2022-05-10.
- ^ Geil GD (7 August 2020). Yaish HM (ed.). "Bernard-Soulier Syndrome Workup: Approach Considerations". emedicine.staging.medscape.com. Retrieved 2018-02-22.
Further reading
- Davis PD, Nabili SN (27 August 2020). Shiel Jr WC (ed.). "What Is Thrombocytopenia (Low Platelet Count)?". Medicinenet.com.
- Slavka G, Perkmann T, Haslacher H, Greisenegger S, Marsik C, Wagner OF, Endler G (May 2011). "Mean platelet volume may represent a predictive parameter for overall vascular mortality and ischemic heart disease". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 31 (5): 1215–8. PMID 21330610.
- Bessman JD, Gilmer PR, Gardner FH (1985). "Use of mean platelet volume improves detection of platelet disorders". Blood Cells. 11 (1): 127–35. PMID 4074887.