Medical centers in the United States
Healthcare in the United States |
---|
- This article discusses the major medical centers in the U.S. For all hospitals, see Health care in the United States.
Medical centers in the United States are conglomerations of health care facilities including hospitals and research facilities that also either include or are closely affiliated with a medical school. Although the term medical center is sometimes loosely used to refer to any concentration of health care providers including local clinics and individual hospital buildings, the term academic medical center more specifically refers to larger facilities or groups of facilities that include a full spectrum of health services, medical education, and medical research.
The major medical centers represent the premier sites of
Overview
In the United States, ownership of the health care system is mainly in private hands, though federal, state, county, and city governments also own certain facilities. Many major hospitals, generally the backbone of any medical center, are non-profit and many of these have their origins in religious organizations. Despite their non-profit status, affiliation with private ventures and major medical schools often allows them to maintain state-of-the-art facilities and services. The non-profit hospital's share of total hospital capacity has remained relatively stable (about 70%) for decades.[1] There are also privately owned for-profit hospitals as well as government hospitals in some locations, mainly owned by county and city governments.
Major medical centers provide many specialized services, some even containing multiple specialized hospitals and clinics each dedicated to specific types of patients and/or services. Additionally, they are centers of medical education, centers of medical research, and incubators for medical innovation and technology. A given medical center may include a medical school in the same complex as the rest of the facilities or may be closely affiliated with a medical school on a nearby campus. Similarly, a given medical school may be closely associated with multiple tightly linked hospital campuses which function to some degree as a unit though the group may not be referred to as a single medical center (e.g. the Harvard Medical School network of teaching hospitals).
There are about 1,100 teaching hospitals in the United States. Approximately 375 of the larger institutions belong to the Association of American Medical Colleges’ Council of Teaching Hospitals and Health Systems (COTH). COTH teaching hospitals train about 75 percent of residents yearly and provide more than 40 percent of all hospital charity care in the nation.
Major medical centers
Although any rankings of medical centers are highly subjective, this section describes some of the largest and most prominent centers in the nation. Note that the rankings and importance of individual hospital facilities may be different from the medical centers that they belong to.
Alabama
UAB Health System
The UAB Health System (UABHS) is a partnership between UAB and the University of Alabama Health Services Foundation (UAHSF), a private not-for-profit medical practice made up of the faculty of the UAB School of Medicine. UABHS is governed by a board of directors which has representatives of UAHSF, the University of Alabama Board of Trustees, and UAB administrators. The UAB president is the ex officio chairperson of the UAB Health System. The CEO of the UABHS reports directly to the UAB Health System board and is appointed by the chairman of the board.
UAB Hospital is the central institution of UABHS. It was formed as University Hospital in 1945 from the merger of Jefferson Hospital and Hillman Hospital, two private hospitals in the Southside of Birmingham acquired by the University of Alabama Board of Trustees. University Hospital was created to serve as the primary teaching hospital for the School of Medicine.
The other major institutions of UABHS include:
- The Kirklin Clinic of UAB Hospital, an outpatient clinic of UAB Hospital
- Callahan Eye Foundation, founded independently as the Eye Foundation Hospital in 1963 and merged into UABHS in 1973,[3]
- UAB Medicine Women and Infants Center
- UAB Hospital-Highlands. Formerly HealthSouth's flagship medical center in the Southside, UABHS acquired it in 2006. Highlands now serves as an acute care hospital. In 2011, Highlands was merged completely into UAB Hospital.
- Spain Rehabilitation Center
- UAB Medicine Health Centers, clinics operated and staffed by UABHS located throughout central Alabama
- Viva Health, a health maintenance organization (HMO) which is a subsidiary of Triton Health Systems, a limited liability corporation based in Birmingham and owned by the UABHS
In addition UABHS manages, but does not operate, Medical West in
Arizona
Phoenix Healthcare Cluster
The
California
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
As of 2022–23, U.S. News & World Report ranked Cedars-Sinai the best hospital in California and the western United States. It ranked as the 2nd-best hospital in the entire United States (only behind Mayo Clinic) and was placed nationally in 11 adult medical specialties and rated high performing in 10 adult procedures and conditions.[4] Cedars-Sinai is a teaching hospital affiliate of David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), which was ranked #19 on the U.S. News 2022-23 Best Medical Schools: Research.[5]
UCLA Medical Center
The
In 2022–23, it was rated as the 2nd best hospital in California by the US News and the 5th best in the United States.[4]
UCSF Medical Center
The
Colorado
Anschutz Medical Campus
The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus is the academic health sciences campus in
Florida
Lake Nona Medical City is a 650-acre (260 ha) health and life sciences park in Orlando, Florida, United States. It is located near Orlando International Airport and within the master-planned community of Lake Nona. The city is home to the University of Central Florida's Health Sciences Campus, which includes the university's College of Medicine and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences. In the future, the campus will also house UCF's University of Central Florida College of Nursing, the University of Central Florida College of Dental Medicine, and a teaching hospital.
The medical city also includes the Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Nemours Children's Hospital, a University of Florida Academic and Research Center, and Valencia College at Lake Nona. In addition, the Orlando Veterans Administration Medical Center, began seeing clinical patients from February 2015.
Georgia
Emory University Medical Center
Emory University Hospital is a 733-bed facility in
The Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Egleston Hospital is a nationally ranked, freestanding, 295-bed,
Illinois
The Illinois Medical Districtis a special-use zoning district two miles west of the Loop in Chicago, Illinois. The Illinois Medical District consists of 560 acres of medical research facilities, labs, a biotechnology business incubator, a raw development area, four major hospitals, two medical universities, and more than 40 health care related facilities. The IMD has more than 29,000 employees, 50,000 daily visitors and generates $3.4 billion in economic opportunity. The Illinois Medical District is the largest medical district in North America, and has the most diverse patient population on the continent.
Four major hospitals anchor the IMD, including the Jesse Brown
Streeterville neighborhood
- Northwestern Memorial Hospital (NMH) is a nationally ranked academic medical center located in the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, a leader in physical medicine and rehabilitation.
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (formerly Children's Memorial Hospital) is a nationally ranked pediatric acute care Level 1 Pediatric Trauma Center, 1 of 4 in the state.[22] The hospital has affiliations with the nearby Northwestern Memorial Hospital and adjacent to Prentice Women's Hospital. Lurie is located in the university's Streeterville campus with more than 1,665 physicians on its medical staff and 4,000 employees.[23]
- The Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago (RIC), is a nationally ranked Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 1954, the AbilityLab is designed for patient care, education, and research in physical medicine and rehabilitation. The AbilityLab specializes in rehabilitation for adults and children with the most severe, complex conditions ranging from traumatic brain and spinal cord injury to stroke, amputation and cancer-related impairment.[24] Affiliated with Northwestern University, the hospital is located on the Northwestern Memorial Hospital campus and partners on research and medical efforts.[25]
- Prentice Women's Hospital is an acute care women's hospital located adjacent to both Northwestern Memorial and the Lurie Children's Hospital. Prentice Women's Hospital is a member of Northwestern Medicine and serves as a teaching hospital for the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. The hospital provides tertiary-level obstetric, gynecological, and neonatal care to patients from the entire region. The hospital has 256 beds, with 86 AAP verified level III neonatal intensive care unit beds, 32 labor and delivery beds, 86 healthy bassinets, and 10 operating rooms.[26] The hospital is directly attached to the Lurie Children's Hospital via skybridge because Lurie physicians provide care on Prentice's neonatal intensive care units.[27]
Maryland
National Institutes of Health
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) are an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and are the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and health-related research.
The NIH's research is divided into two parts: the Extramural Research Program is responsible for the funding of biomedical research outside the NIH, while the Intramural Research Program (IRP) is the internal research program of the NIH, known for its synergistic approach to biomedical science. Intramural research is primarily conducted at the
Johns Hopkins Medicine
The
The Johns Hopkins Hospital is the birthplace of many medical specialties including
It is widely regarded as one of the greatest hospitals in the United States and the world.[33] It has been ranked by U.S. News & World Report as the best overall hospital in America for 20 consecutive years.[34][35][36]Johns Hopkins Children's Center (JHCC) is a nationally ranked, pediatric acute care
Massachusetts
Boston Longwood Area
The major facilities in Boston's Longwood area are:
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- Boston Children's Hospital
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Dana–Farber Cancer Institute
- Joslin Diabetes Center
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
The hospital has 1,051 beds and admits over 45,000 patients each year. The surgical staff performs over 34,000 operations yearly and hospital handles over 1 million outpatients each year at its main campus, as well as its six satellite facilities in Boston at Back Bay, Charlestown, Chelsea, Everett, Revere, and Waltham. In 2003, MGH was named the state's first Magnet hospital by the American Nurses Credentialing Center, a subsidiary of the American Nurses Association. As of 2020–21, MGH was ranked the #6 hospital in the United States by U.S. News & World Report.[34]
Michigan
University of Michigan Medical Center
Michigan Medicine,
C.S. Mott Children's Hospital is a pediatric acute care hospital located in
Minnesota
Mayo Clinic
Mayo Clinic is a
Mayo Clinic pays medical doctors a fixed salary that is unaffected by patient volume.[53] This practice is thought to decrease the monetary motivation to see patients in large numbers and increase the incentive to spend more time with individuals. Salaries are determined instead by the marketplace salaries for physicians in comparable large group practices.
The Mayo Clinic campuses in Rochester form the largest integrated medical center in the world.[54]
Missouri
Washington University Medical Center
Covering 164 acres over 17 city blocks, the medical campus is positioned at the intersection of St. Louis's Central West End and Forest Park Southeast. In addition to the
The medical campus generates an annual economic impact of nearly $6.3 billion for the St. Louis region with over 21,000 employees, the combined medical campus institutions are among the largest employers in the St. Louis metropolitan area.[55]
New York
NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital is a prominent
New York-Presbyterian Hospital, chartered as "The New York and Presbyterian Hospital" by New York State in 1996, was formed in 1998 with the merger of two large, previously independent hospitals, the New York Hospital and Presbyterian Hospital. The NYPH system includes a variety of outlying hospitals that had previously been acquired by NYH or Presbyterian; these hospitals stretch throughout the five boroughs, Westchester County, Long Island and New Jersey. NYPH is now the largest private employer in New York City.
The two medical schools remain essentially autonomous, though there is increasing cooperation and coordination of clinical, research, and residency training programs. NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital is one of the most comprehensive university hospitals in the world, with leading specialists in every field of medicine.
NYU Langone Health
NYU Langone Medical Center is an academic medical center located in
Hassenfeld Children's Hospital (HCH) at NYU Langone (formerly Children's Health at NYU Hospitals Center) is a pediatric acute-care children's hospital located on the NYU Medical Center campus in Manhattan, New York. Hassenfeld Children's Hospital has 102 pediatric beds and is located in the Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Pavilion.[62] It is directly affiliated with the pediatrics department of the New York University Grossman School of Medicine. The hospital treats infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21,[63][64] with some programs treating up until age 25.[65] While not a trauma center, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital contains the KiDS Emergency Department to treat children with injuries.
University of Rochester Medical Center
The University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), now known as UR Medicine, is located in Rochester, New York, is one of the main campuses of the University of Rochester and comprises the university's primary medical education, research and patient care facilities.
URMC is one of the largest facilities for medical treatment and research in Upstate New York and includes a regional Prenatal Center, Trauma Center, Burn Center, James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, an Epilepsy Center, Psychiatric/Behavioral Health Emergency and treatment departments, Liver Transplant Center and Cardiac Transplant Center and also includes a major AIDS Treatment Center and an NIH-designated AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Unit. A large portion of the university's biomedical research is conducted in the Arthur Kornberg Medical Research Building and the Aab Institute of Biomedical Sciences.
In January 2008, the University of Rochester announced a $500 million strategic plan geared toward expansion in research and patient services.[66] The plan anticipated adding 1,800 new jobs to the university, building a 123-bed addition to the hospital, a building for clinical and translational sciences, and a new ambulatory surgery center.
The flagship hospital of the medical system is Strong Memorial Hospital.
Upstate University Hospital
Upstate University Hospital is an academic medical center affiliated with the Norton College of Medicine at the State University of New York Upstate Medical University located in Syracuse, New York.[67] The hospital, a part of the Upstate Health System, is a 752-bed non-profit and the flagship hospital in the system.[68] The hospital is an American College of Surgeons verified Level 1 Trauma Center, the only in the Central New York region and one of 21 in New York.[69] Attached to the hospital is the Upstate Golisano Children's Hospital that treats infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21.[70] The Upstate University Health System has been honored with numerous designations and awards for excellence in medicine, research and nursing by the National Institute of Health, New York State Department of Health, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Association, American Nurses Association, U.S. News & World Report, Forbes, etc.[71][72][73][74]
There are seven
North Carolina
Duke University Health System
Duke University Health System (also known as Duke Health) combines the Duke University School of Medicine, the Duke University School of Nursing, the Duke Clinic, and the member hospitals into a system of research, clinical care, and education. Hospitals include the Duke University Hospital, Duke Children's Hospital and Health Center, Duke Regional Hospital, and Duke Raleigh Hospital. Duke University Hospital is a 957-acute care bed academic tertiary care facility located in Durham, North Carolina. Established in 1930, it is the flagship teaching hospital for the Duke University Health System, a network of physicians and hospitals serving Durham County and Wake County, North Carolina, and surrounding areas, as well as one of three Level I referral centers for the Research Triangle of North Carolina (the other two are UNC Hospitals in nearby Chapel Hill and WakeMed Raleigh in Raleigh).
UNC Health Care
UNC Medical Center (UNCMC) is a 905-bed
North Carolina Children's Hospital (NCCH) is a pediatric acute care hospital located within UNC Medical Center in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The hospital has 158 beds.[83] It is affiliated with The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, and is a member of UNC Health. The hospital provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21[84][85] throughout North Carolina. North Carolina Children's Hospital features the only pediatric Level 1 Trauma Center in the region, and 1 of 3 in the state.[80][86]
Ohio
Cleveland Clinic
The Cleveland Clinic is a multispecialty academic medical center based in
Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center is a multidisciplinary academic medical center located in Columbus, Ohio, United States, on the main campus of The Ohio State University. In 2012, the Ohio State Medical Center changed its name to The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center in honor of Ohio State alumnus and The Limited founder Les Wexner.[89] For 26 consecutive years, U.S. News & World Report has recognized Ohio State Wexner Medical Center specialties in its "Best Hospitals" rankings.
Pennsylvania
Jefferson Health System
Jefferson Health, is a multi-state non-profit health system whose flagship hospital is Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Center City, Philadelphia. The health system's hospitals serve as the teaching hospitals of Thomas Jefferson University. Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Health are integrated together as two arms of the same organization. It has a single board of directors and produces joint financial statements. The CEO of Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Health is Joseph G. Cacchione, MD.
University of Pennsylvania Health System
University of Pennsylvania Health System includes the nation's first teaching hospital, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP), and the nation's first hospital, Pennsylvania Hospital. It operates under the direction and auspices of
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) is headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and is closely affiliated with its academic partner, the University of Pittsburgh, which ranks third in the nation in the number of total NIH-sponsored research awards and fifth for the total dollar amount of NIH-sponsored funding.[91] UPMC is one of the largest medical center systems in the world with more than 35 hospitals, 8,000 licensed beds, and 600 outpatient sites in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York, as well as locations overseas. Appearing on U.S. News & World Report's honor roll of the top hospitals for over 15 years,[92] it was the site of the creation of the first polio vaccine by Jonas Salk, helped to develop emergency medicine under Peter Safar, and pioneered organ transplantation under the direction of Thomas Starzl, at one time boasting the largest and busiest organ transplantation program in the world.[93] A fully integrated health care system that includes its own health insurance and commercial services divisions, UPMC has exported its clinical and administrative expertise and technologies around the world, including the ISMETT organ transplantation center in Sicily, a hospital and cancer centers in Ireland, and partnerships in China, Colombia, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Singapore, and the United Kingdom.[94]
Texas
Texas Medical Center
The Texas Medical Center is the largest medical center in the world with one of the highest densities of clinical facilities for patient care, basic science, and
South Texas Medical Center
Southwestern Medical District
The
- Parkland Memorial Hospital
- Children's Medical Center Dallas
- William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital
- Zale Lipshy Pavilion – William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital
- Dallas Veteran Affairs Medical Center
- Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas
- Southlake General Surgery
Criticism
Large academic medical centers have been criticized for their exorbitant cost. PwC has noted how "AMCs can do a lot of complex work, but 90 percent of patients are people who need to quit smoking, eat better, improve their literacy and find a better-paying job."[97][98]
See also
- Health care in the United States
- Academic health science centre – Medical school affiliated with a teaching hospital
References
- S2CID 1267042.
- ^ "100 of the largest hospitals and health systems in America," Becker's Hospital Review
- ^ Mellisa Eberle. "UAB – SOM – Dept of Ophthalmology – Home". Retrieved May 29, 2015.
- ^ a b c "2022-23 Best Hospitals Honor Roll and Overview" U.S. News & World Report (July 26, 2022)
- ^ "2023 Best Medical Schools: Research". Retrieved July 26, 2022.
- ^ "UC Denver programs at AMC".
- ^ "The District". Fitzsimons Life Science District. Archived from the original on January 28, 2010. Retrieved February 8, 2010.
- ^ "U.S. News & World Report Ranks Emory Among Nation's Best Hospitals for 2011 - Emory University - Atlanta, GA". shared.web.emory.edu.
- ^ "Atlanta, GA | Emory University Hospital | Emory Healthcare". Archived from the original on December 9, 2009. Retrieved December 7, 2009.
- ^ "Emory University Hospital Tower staff open house brings big crowd". news.emory.edu. July 31, 2017.
- ^ "American Hospital Directory - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Egleston Hospital (113300) - Free Profile". www.ahd.com. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
- ^ "General Pediatric Residency Program: Hospitals". Emory University School of Medicine. Archived from the original on October 12, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
- ^ "About Us". Children's Healthcare of Atlanta. Archived from the original on October 4, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
- ^ "Trauma Centers". American College of Surgeons. Archived from the original on October 12, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
- ^ "AirNav: 60GA - Children's Healthcare of Atlanta-Egleston Heliport". www.airnav.com. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
- ^ Medicine, Northwestern. "Northwestern Memorial Hospital | Chicago, IL". Northwestern Medicine. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
- ^ "Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago". www.childrenshospitals.org. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "Adolescent & Young Adult Medicine". www.luriechildrens.org. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "Lurie Children's Pediatrics". www.luriechildrens.org. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "Adolescent & Young Adult Cancer Program". www.luriechildrens.org. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program". www.luriechildrens.org. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "Illinois Hospital Report Card and Consumer Guide to Health Care". www.healthcarereportcard.illinois.gov. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "100 Great Hospitals in America | 2014". www.beckershospitalreview.com. Archived from the original on March 21, 2015. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
- ^ "AbilityLab New RIC Page". Shirley Ryan AbilityLab - Formerly RIC. Retrieved May 26, 2019.
- ^ Schencker, Lisa. "$550M AbilityLab, rebranded Rehab Institute, will pair research, patient care". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
- ^ "Prentice Women's Hospital". www.esdglobal.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
- ^ "Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)". www.luriechildrens.org. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
- ^ General Psychiatry Residency Program Archived September 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Johns Hopkins web site
- ^ Something the Lord Made - An HBO Film, Johns Hopkins web site
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, Accessed August 7, 2008.
- ^ Great Works: 100 Years of Philanthropy in Service of Hopkins Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins web site
- ^ Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins web site
- ^ Henderson, Randi ; Marek, Richard: : Here is My Hope: A Book of Healing and Prayer: Inspirational Stories of Johns Hopkins Hospital, Amazon.com
- ^ a b c d "Best Hospitals Honor Roll". U.S. News & World Report. July 10, 2008. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ U.S. News & World Report's Best Hospitals, Johns Hopkins Medicine
- ^ THE JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL TOPS U.S. NEWS & WORLD REPORT "HONOR ROLL" 19TH YEAR IN A ROW, Johns Hopkins Medicine web site, July 16, 2009
- ^ "Johns Hopkins Children's Center". www.childrenshospitals.org. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ Fisher, Andy. "Johns Hopkins Medicine: Patient Care Locations". www.hopkinsmedicine.org. Archived from the original on April 20, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ "Pediatric Clinical Research Unit (PCRU) | Johns Hopkins Children's Center". www.hopkinsmedicine.org. Archived from the original on July 12, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2020.
- ^ "Fellowship Positions | American Pediatric Surgical Association". eapsa.org. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2020.
- ^ "Pediatric Emergency Department: Johns Hopkins Nursing". www.hopkinsmedicine.org. Archived from the original on July 12, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2020.
- ^ "CHD Clinic - Johns Hopkins Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program". ACHA. Archived from the original on July 11, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ "Trauma Centers". www.miemss.org. Archived from the original on April 30, 2019. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ "Our New Neighborhood". rmhcmaryland.org. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ "New name for University of Michigan academic medical center: Michigan Medicine | Michigan Medicine". www.uofmhealth.org. Retrieved May 25, 2017.
- ^ "C.S. Mott Children's Hospital". www.childrenshospitals.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ "What & Where We Practice". University of Michigan Medical School. January 10, 2017. Archived from the original on March 23, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ "C.S. Mott Children's Hospital to provide care for all patients through 21st birthday | CS Mott Children's Hospital | Michigan Medicine". www.mottchildren.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ "Medical Services for Young Adults" (PDF). UMichigan Medicine. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 8, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ "Emergency & Trauma (Pediatric) | CS Mott Children's Hospital | Michigan Medicine". www.mottchildren.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ "Behavioral & Mental Health (Pediatric) | CS Mott Children's Hospital | Michigan Medicine". www.mottchildren.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ "Trauma Centers". American College of Surgeons. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
- ^ "Doctors On Salary, One Key To Mayo's Success". NPR.
- ^ http://www.mayoclinic.org/rochester/ Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN
- ^ "Washington University Medical Campus".
- ^ a b Solnik, Claude (September 29, 2016). "NYU Langone, Winthrop approve merger". Libn.com. Archived from the original on September 20, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
- ^ "Our Locations". nyulangone.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
- ^ "4 Talent Received Callbacks For NYU Langone Health Commercial". Nine9. April 25, 2019. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
- ^ "America's Best Employers". Forbes. March 23, 2016. Archived from the original on March 25, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
- ^ "2015 Highlights" (PDF). Winthro.org. 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
- ^ "NYU Langone Health by Ennead and NBBJ". www.architecturalrecord.com. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
- ^ "Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone". www.childrenshospitals.org. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
- ^ "Congenital Heart Transition Program". nyulangone.org. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
- ^ "NYU Pediatric Unit". NYU Medical Center. Archived from the original on May 3, 2006. Retrieved March 31, 2021.
- ^ "Division of Adolescent Medicine". NYU Langone Health. Archived from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
- ^ Pieterse, Janice B. (January 16, 2008). "URMC plans $500 million expansion". Rochester Business Journal. Retrieved March 29, 2021.
- ^ "SUNY Upstate Facts at a Glance | About Upstate | SUNY Upstate Medical University". www.upstate.edu. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
- ^ "Locations/Directions:SUNY Upstate Medical University". www.upstate.edu. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ "Trauma Centers". American College of Surgeons. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ "Emergency Medicine | SUNY Upstate Medical University". www.upstate.edu. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ a b "Expansion in Surgery at Upstate University Hospital Makes It a Healthcare Destination".
- ^ "Trio of awards highlights outstanding care in stroke, heart failure and resuscitation".
- ^ "Upstate collects honors for outstanding care in stroke, heart failure and resuscitation".
- ^ "AMERICA'S BEST LARGE EMPLOYERS - 2021". Forbes.
- ^ "American Hospital Directory - UNC Medical Center (340061) - Free Profile". www.ahd.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
- ^ "Live Wire: UNC health system includes a number of hospitals". The Fayetteville Observer. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
- ^ Hill, UNC Hospitals 101 Manning Drive Chapel; Directions, NC 27514 Get Driving. "UNC Hospitals". www.uncmedicalcenter.org. Archived from the original on February 1, 2020. Retrieved February 1, 2020.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Patient Care". UNC School of Medicine. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
- ^ "North Carolina Trauma Centers". www.ncats.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
- ^ a b "Trauma Centers". American College of Surgeons. Retrieved February 1, 2020.
- ^ "Carolina Air Care | UNC Medical Center | Chapel Hill, NC". www.uncmedicalcenter.org. Archived from the original on February 1, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
- ^ "The medics of the sky: how Carolina Air Care transports critical patients". The Daily Tar Heel. Archived from the original on February 1, 2020. Retrieved February 1, 2020.
- ^ "Facilities & Amenities | UNC Children's | UNC Medical Center". www.uncchildrens.org. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
- ^ Hill, UNC Children's Primary Care Clinic 1512 E. Franklin St Suite 100 Chapel; Directions, NC 27514 Get Driving. "UNC Children's Primary Care Clinic". www.uncchildrens.org. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Emergency Care | UNC Children's | Chapel Hill, NC". www.uncchildrens.org. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
- ^ "N.C. Children's Hospital: Level I pediatric trauma center | UNC Health Talk". healthtalk.unchealthcare.org. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
- ^ Cleveland Clinic Overview
- ^ Cleveland Clinic Ranked as One of America's Top Hospitals, Cleveland Clinic, July 16, 2009
- ^ Encarnacion, Pyle (February 10, 2012). "Ohio State adds Wexner's name to medical center". Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
- ^ America's Best Hospitals: the 2010–11 Honor Roll
- ^ "NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools (RePORT): NIH Awards by Location & Organization". National Institutes of Health. June 13, 2016. Retrieved June 19, 2016.
- ^ "2011 U.S. News & World Report Rankings". UPMC. Archived from the original on February 9, 2013. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
- ^ Gruson, Lindsey (September 16, 1985). "Center for Transplants Aids Pittsburg Ascent". The New York Times. New York, NY. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
- ^ "UPMC International". UPMC. 2016. Retrieved June 19, 2016.
- ^ Industry Guide: Health Care | Greater Houston Partnership Archived October 15, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Texas Medical Center – About the Texas Medical Center". Archived from the original on August 10, 2007. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
- ^ "Will academic medical centers sink or swim?". Becker's Hospital Review. October 14, 2015.
- ^ Andes, Scott (July 5, 2016). "Austin's big bet on the future of urban health care". Brookings.