blood supply with it. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after it is placed. A similar technique where tissue is transferred with the blood supply intact is called a flap. In some instances, a graft can be an artificially manufactured device. Examples of this are a tube to carry blood flow across a defect or from an artery to a vein for use in hemodialysis
.
Classification
Autografts and isografts are usually not considered as foreign and, therefore, do not elicit rejection. Allografts and xenografts may be recognized as foreign by the recipient and rejected.[1]
Autograft
: graft taken from one part of the body of an individual and transplanted onto another site in the same individual, e.g., skin graft.
identical twins
.
Allograft
: graft taken from one individual placed on a genetically non-identical member of the same species.
Xenograft
: graft taken from one individual placed on an individual belonging to another species, e.g., animal to human.
Types of grafting
The term grafting is most commonly applied to
tissues commonly grafted today.
The grafting process places fresh skin over a wound with damaged skin.
. In the case of damaged skin, it is removed, and new skin is grafted in its place. Skin grafting can reduce the course of treatment and hospitalization needed, and can also improve function and appearance. There are two types of skin grafts:
Split-thickness skin grafts [epidermis + part of the dermis]
Full-thickness skin grafts [epidermis + entire thickness of the dermis]
autologous, typically harvested from the iliac crest of the pelvis, or banked bone/allograft.[2]
Vascular grafting
is the use of transplanted or prosthetic blood vessels in surgical procedures.
ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction
.
Fat graft is the process of harvesting adipose tissue through liposuction, processing/centrifugation and injection into soft tissue for improving coverage, volume and contour, typically in the breast, buttock and face.[3][4]
