Medyka
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Medyka ([mɛˈdɨka]) is a village in Przemyśl County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It is the seat of the municipality (gmina) called Gmina Medyka. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Przemyśl and 72 km (45 mi) east of the regional capital Rzeszów.[1]
History
The village dates back to the Middle Ages. A castle existed there already in the 14th century. It was expanded in 1542 by Piotr Kmita Sobieński (1477-1553) Starosta of Przemyśl. In 1607 the Roman Catholic St Peter and Paul timber church was erected and in 1663 the settlement was granted Starostwo status. There was also a Greek Catholic Church. Medyka was occupied by Habsburg Austria after the Partitions of Poland in 1772 and remained within Galicia until the end of World War I.
From 1809 the village became the property of the Pawlikowski family. They built a manor house on the ruins of the ancient castle and for generations maintained in their family seat a cultural centre with a valuable library and historical collections. In 1830 Gwalbert Pawlikowski (1793-1852) established on his estate the first school of horticulture in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria and a dendrological collection in his laid out park.[2] The manor house was damaged both in 1915 and 1939 Fortuitously, part of its cultural heritage was donated to what became the Ossolineum Institute in Wrocław and survived. It includes a single page containing a Polish version of Psalm 50, known as the Karta medycka, from the early 15th century, discovered in Medyka in 1832 by historian and collector, Konstanty Świdziński (1793-1855).[3]
The
The British society portrait painter and illustrator, Aniela Pawlikowska, was married to the last proprietor of Medyka, Michał Gwalbert Pawlikowski (1887-1970), a bibliophile, writer, and publisher who lived, worked and raised their family there, before being routed from their home by invading forces in World War II. They eventually settled in the United Kingdom.[4] "Medyka" was also the imprint of Pawlikowski's small publishing and printing enterprise which specialised in small runs of literary works for which his artist wife provided the illustrations.
Synagogue
A brick-built rectangular synagogue, Synagoga w Medyce was erected in the village at the beginning of the 20th century. As its congregation, it was devastated by Nazi invaders during World War II.
Border crossing
Medyka is one of the main road border crossings between Poland and
Gallery
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RCtimber church of Sts. Peter and Paul -
Etching of Greek-Catholic church in Medyka -
Front of the Pawlikowski Manor house in Medyka -
Lake in the Medyka Manor house park -
Pawlikowski family mausoleum in Medyka cemetery
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See also
References
- ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
- ISBN 83-7081-089-6.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ISBN 83-01-11452-5.
- ^ Marta Trojanowska. "Aniela (Lela) z Wolskich Pawlikowska. Szkic do biografii" (PDF) (in Polish). Biblioteka Jagiellońska Jagiellonian University. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
- ^ Jakes, Lara. ""For Ukraine's Refugees, Europe Opens Doors That Were Shut to Others"". New York Times. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
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