Megalopolises in China
Hanyu Pinyin | Chéngshì Qún |
|---|---|
| Jyutping | Sing4 Si5 Kwan4 |
In China, a megalopolis (Chinese: 城市群; pinyin: Chéngshì Qún)[1] is a designation by the government to promote the development of a group of cities through transportation and communication links.
Conceptual history
The Economist Intelligence Unit in 2012 identified 13 megalopolises: Chang-Zhu-Tan (Greater Changsha), Chengdu, Chongqing, Greater Beijing i.e. Jing-Jin-Ji, Greater Shanghai (incl. Suzhou), Greater Xi'an, Greater Zhengzhou, Greater Guangzhou, Hefei economic circle (incl. Lu'an, Huainan, Chaohu), Shandong Peninsula, Greater Shenyang, Shenzhen and Wuhan.[2]
As of 2018, there are nine officially approved megalopolises in China. In 2017, the
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area.[3]
The
Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (covering 2016-2020) highlighted nineteen city clusters to be developed and strengthened pursuant to a geographic layout referred to as two horizontals and three verticals (liang heng san zong).[4]: 206 The highlighted clusters included the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta region, and the Greater Bay area.[4]: 206 Development of these clusters includes establishing regional coordination mechanisms, sharing development costs and benefits, collaborative industrial development, and shared governance approaches to ecological issues and environmental protection.[4]
: 208
Major Chinese megalopolises
| Megalopolises | Metropolitan areas | Cities | Area ( km2) | Population | Date of approval |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yangtze River Delta Megalopolis[5] |
Shanghai, Nanjing Metropolitan Area, Hangzhou Metropolitan Area, Hefei Metropolitan Area, Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou Metropolitan Area, Ningbo Metropolitan Area |
Municipality: Shanghai Jiangsu: Nanjing, Wuxi, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong, Yancheng, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Taizhou Zhejiang: Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Jinhua, Zhoushan, Taizhou Anhui: Hefei, Wuhu, Ma'anshan, Tongling, Anqing, Chuzhou, Chizhou, Xuancheng |
350,000 | 240,000,000 (2020) | 22 May 2016 [6] |
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area[7]
|
Guangzhou-Foshan-Zhaoqing Metropolitan Area, Shenzhen-Dongguan-Huizhou Metropolitan Area, Zhuhai-Zhongshan-Jiangmen Metropolitan Area[8] | Guangdong: Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhaoqing, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Huizhou, Zhuhai, Jiangmen, Zhongshan SARs: Hong Kong, Macau |
56,000 | 70,000,000 (2017) | 18 February 2019 [9][10] |
| Jing-Jin-Ji Megalopolis | Beijing Metropolitan Area, Tianjin Metropolitan Area | Municipalities: Xiong'an New Area, Tangshan, Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Langfang, Zhangjiakou, Chengde, Cangzhou, Qinhuangdao, Xingtai, Handan, Hengshui
|
217,100 | 130,000,000 | Pending approval |
| Shandong Peninsula Megalopolis | Jinan Metropolitan Area, Qingdao Metropolitan Area | Shandong: Jinan, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Zibo, Binzhou, Dongying, Tai'an, Weifang, Rizhao, Linyi | 28,000,000 | Pending approval | |
| Mid-Southern Liaoning Megalopolis | Shenyang Metropolitan Area, Dalian Metropolitan Area | Pulandian, Gaizhou
|
27,000,000 | Pending approval | |
| Yangtze River Midstream Megalopolis | Wuhan Metropolitan Area, Circum-Changzhutan City Cluster, Circum-Poyang Lake City Cluster | Hubei: Wuhan, Huangshi, Ezhou, Huanggang, Xiaogan, Xianning, Xiantao, Qianjiang, Tianmen, Xiangyang, Yichang, Jinzhou Hunan: Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan, Yueyang, Yiyang, Changde, Hengyang, Loudi Jiangxi: Nanchang, Jiujiang, Jingdezhen, Yingtan, Xinyu, Yichun, Pingxiang, Shangrao, Fuzhou, Ji'an |
317,000 | 121,000,000 (2014) | 26 March 2015 [11] |
| Harbin-Changchun Megalopolis | Harbin Metropolitan Area, Changchun-Jilin Metropolitan Area | Heilongjiang: Harbin, Daqing, Qiqihar, Suihua, Mudanjiang Jilin: Changchun, Jilin, Siping, Liaoyuan, Songyuan, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture |
51,100 | 20,000,000 (2015) | 23 February 2016 [12] |
| Chengyu Megalopolis | Chengdu Metropolitan Area, Chongqing Metropolitan Area | Municipality: | 185,000 | 90,940,000 (2014) | 12 April 2016 [13] |
| Central Plain Megalopolis | Greater Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area | Henan: Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luoyang, Nanyang, Shangqiu, Anyang, Xinxiang, Pingdingshan, Xuchang, Jiaozuo, Zhoukou, Xinyang, Zhumadian, Hebi, Puyang, Luohe, Sanmenxia, Jiyuan Shanxi: Changzhi, Jincheng, Yuncheng Hebei: Xingtai, Handan Anhui: Liaocheng, Heze Shandong: Huaibei, Bengbu, Suzhou, Fuyang, Bozhou |
287,000 | 24,170,000 | 28 December 2016 [14] |
| Beibu Gulf Megalopolis | Nanning, Nanning-Beihai-Qinzhou-Fangchenggang, Zhanjiang-Maoming-Yangjiang, Haikou, Zhanjiang | Lingao, Changjiang
|
116,600 | 41,410,000 (2015) | 20 January 2017 [15] |
| Guanzhong Plain Megalopolis | Greater Xi'an Metropolitan Area | Kongtong District, Huating County, Jingchuan County, Chongxin County and Lingtai County), downtown Qingyang
|
107,100 | 38,630,000 (2016) | 9 January 2018 [16] |
| Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin Megalopolis | Inner Mongolia: Hohhot, Baotou, Ordos | 175,000 | 11,384,000 (2016) | 5 February 2018 [17] | |
| Lanzhou-Xining Megalopolis | Lanzhou-Baiyin Metropolitan Area, Xining-Haidong Metropolitan Area | Jianzha County )
|
97,500 | 11,930,000 (2016) | 22 February 2018 [18] |
See also
Economy portal
- City proper
- Global city
- List of cities by population
- List of cities in the Far East by population
- List of country subdivisions by GDP over 100 billion US dollars
- List of largest cities
- List of metropolitan areas by population
- List of regions of China
- Megacity
- Megalopolis
- Metropolis
- Metropolitan area
- Urban area
References
- GB/T 50280—98) issued in 1998, 城市群 is defined as "An area in which cities are relatively densely distributed in a certain region".
- ^ "Supersized Cities". Economist Intelligence Unit. 2012.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ 王建芬. "Five city clusters planned to help boost balanced growth". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-231-21101-7.
- ^ "关于长江三角洲构建世界第六大城市群的思考". China.com.cn. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
- ^ "长江三角洲城市群发展规划" [Yangtze River City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 1 June 2016.
- ^ Vidal, John (22 March 2010). "UN report: World's biggest cities merging into 'mega-regions'". The Guardian. London.
- ^ "印发《珠江三角洲城乡规划一体化规划（2009-2020年）》的通知" (in Chinese (China)). 广东省人民政府办公厅. 30 July 2010.
- ^ "Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area" (PDF).
- ^ "中共中央 国务院印发《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》". Gov.cn (in Chinese (China)). 18 February 2019.
- ^ "长江中游城市群发展规划" [Middle Yangtze River Valley City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 13 April 2015.
- ^ "哈长城市群发展规划" [Harbin-Changchun City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 7 March 2016.
- ^ "成渝城市群发展规划" [Chengyu City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 27 April 2016.
- ^ "中原城市群发展规划" [Central Plain City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 29 December 2016.
- ^ "北部湾城市群发展规划" [Beibu Gulf City Cluster Development] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 10 February 2017.
- ^ "关中平原城市群发展规划" [Guanzhong Plain City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 2 February 2018.
- ^ "呼包鄂榆城市群发展规划" [Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 27 February 2018.
- ^ "兰州—西宁城市群发展规划" [Lanzhou-Xining City Cluster Development Plan] (PDF) (in Chinese (China)). National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. 13 March 2018.