Mei Lanfang
Mei Lanfang | ||
---|---|---|
Hanyu Pinyin | Méi Lán Méi Lánfāng |
Mei Lan (22 October 1894 – 8 August 1961), better known by his
Early life
Mei Lanfang was born in Beijing in 1894 into a family of Peking opera and Kunqu performers (performers of a traditional Chinese theatre composed of drama, ballet, opera, poetry, and music) of Taizhou, Jiangsu ancestry.
Career
At age 8, Mei Lanfang started training in Chinese opera skills such as acting, singing and acrobatics.[1] Mei Lanfang made his stage debut at the Guanghe Theatre in 1904 when he was 11 years old playing a weaving girl.[2][3] In his 50-year stage career, he maintained strong continuity while always working on new techniques. His most famous roles were those of female characters; skillful portrayal of women won him international acclaim, and his smooth, perfectly timed, poised style has come to be known in opera circles as the "Mei School." He also played an important part in continuing the performance tradition of Kunqu, noted particularly for his interpretations of Du Liniang (杜丽娘; in The Peony Pavilion) and Bái Sùzhēn (白素贞; in Legend of the White Snake). Mei's famous portrayal of Beauty Yu was so historically moving that Wenting Song said he was one of the greatest vocal artists in modern China.[4]
Mei was the first artist to spread Beijing Opera to foreign countries, participating in cultural exchanges with Japan, the United States, and other regions. He toured the world, forming friendships with the western contemporaries of his day, including
In July 1937, the
After 1949 he served as director of China Beijing Opera Theater, director of the Chinese Opera Research Institute, and vice-chairman of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. Mei joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1959.[2] Besides his autobiography, Forty Years of Life on the Stage, several of his articles and essays have been published in The Collected Works of Mei Lanfang. Recordings of his best-known performances have been published in A Selection of Beijing Operas Performed by Mei Lanfang. In 2000, the story of his life was filmed in a documentary entitled The Worlds of Mei Lanfang. Acclaimed director Chen Kaige directed Forever Enthralled, a film biography of Mei's life, released in December 2008.
Philanthropy
In 1924, Mei went to Japan after learning about the Great Kantō earthquake that had caused destruction. During his stay, he not only performed to earn money, but he also raised funds from the Japanese to help the cause.
Personal life
In the year 1910, Mei married Wang Minghua, and they eventually had one son and one daughter together. While still married to Wang, he married his second wife in 1921, who was also an opera actress. Her name was Fu Zhifang and together, they had nine children. In 1925, he began seeing a third woman, who was also an actress. They lived together unmarried for five years before they broke up. Mei's daughter Mei Baoyue was a Chinese opera performer.[1] Mei's son Mei Baojiu (1934–2016) was a Chinese opera dan performer.[1]
In popular culture
Chen Kaige's 2008 film Forever Enthralled is a biographical account of Mei Lanfang.[8]
In 2009, the Chinese Google homepage displayed a logo commemorating his 115th birthday on October 22.[9]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "5 Facts about Peking Opera legend Mei Lanfang". gbtimes.com. October 18, 2017. Archived from the original on January 10, 2019. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
- ^ a b "Mei Lanfang | Chinese singer, actor, and dancer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
- ^ Folk cultural heritage recalls national memory, People's Daily Online, February 14, 2006.
- ^ Joshua Goldstein, "Mei Lanfang and the Nationalization of Peking Opera, 1912-1930," positions: east asia cultures critique 7.2 (2009): 377-420.
- ^ Mark Cosdon, ""Introducing Occidentals to an Exotic Art": Mei Lanfang in New York," Asian Theatre Journal 12.1 (1995): 175-189.
- ^ Bertolt Brecht translated by Eric Bently, "On Chinese Acting," The Tulane Drama Review 6.1 (1961): 130-136.
- ^ Li (2010), p. 226.
- ^ "Mei Lanfang (2008) - IMDb". IMDb.
- ^ Google Mei Lanfang logo
Bibliography
- The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Mei Lanfang." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 30 Sept. 2014. Web. 06 Mar. 2016.
- Wilson, Charles. "What Is Kunqu Theatre." What Is Kunqu Theatre. Wintergreen Kunqu Society, n.d. Web. 07 Mar. 2016.
- "Traditions - Folk Art." Roles in Peking Opera. Cultural China, n.d. Web. 08 Mar. 2016.
- "梅兰芳." (中国京剧表演艺术家)_百度百科. Baidu, n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2016.
- Li Ruru (2010), "2010 Commemorations of the Theatrical Careers of Cao Yu and Li Yuru" (PDF), CHINOPERL Papers, Conference on Chinese Oral and Performing Literature.
- Min Tian, Mei Lanfang and the Twentieth-Century International Stage: Chinese Theatre Placed and Displaced (New York: Palgrave, 2012).