Meow Wars
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The Meow Wars were an early example of a flame war sent over Usenet which began in 1996[1] and ended circa 1998. Its participants were known as "Meowers".[2] The war was characterized by posters from one newsgroup "crapflooding", or posting a large volume of nonsense messages, to swamp on-topic communication in other groups.[2] Ultimately, the flame war affected many boards, with Roisin Kiberd writing in Motherboard, a division of Vice, that esoteric Internet vocabulary was created as a result of the Meow Wars.[1]
The wars began when some
alt.tv.beavis-n-butthead, would be a good idea. One of the students — who was actually using a Boston UniversityThe original "Meowers" were denizens of the alt.tv.beavis-n-butthead newsgroup, who responded to the "invasion" by adopting a "scorched earth" policy of rendering the alt.fan.karl-malden.nose newsgroup unusable. They began including the word "meow" in their posts in a reference to a karl-malden user with the initials CAT;alt.fan.karl-malden.nose, it became the Meowers' base of operations for what they called their "Usenet Performance Art". The Harvard students retreated to a private news server. After taking over alt.fan.karl-malden.nose the Meowers decided to expand their campaign of operations, and spread throughout the
alt.* hierarchy, to the so-called "Big 8Escalation
As the Meowers spilled over into more newsgroups, some experienced Usenetters placed the word "meow" and names of commonly seen Meowers into personal filters known as
The Meowers did not restrict their activities to Usenet. Since
Another Meower, or at least a willing co-conspirator of the Meowers, was Grillo the Clown, who insisted that his epic-length crosspostings of obscene surrealist rants were not only
In yet another series of incidents reported in news sources covering Usenet issues to be caused by Meowers (or, at least, to parties claiming to be such), floods of forged control messages (special posts used to create newsgroups, cancel individual usenet posts, and so on) caused the creation of hundreds of oddly-named newsgroups to appear at many locations. About this time, other Meower incidents included Fluffy the Cat—a parody[4] of a Harvard student's[5] pet[6] and self-proclaimed owner of Usenet—announced the creation of news.admin.cascade.[7][8] The control flood prompted some Usenet users to adopt digital signatures to verify the authenticity of such messages.
Countermeasures
Some Usenet posters added many of the Meower posters to their target lists, and demanded that Meowers' service providers disconnect them. The results of these measures were mixed, as not all servers accepted cancel messages and there were many servers (often inadvertently) open for posting if a Meower's regular access was terminated. Some Meowers also set up faked ISPs and used them to threaten those who filed abuse reports.
Stanley J. Kalisch III was one well-known "despammer" with the power to block posters from multiple Usenet servers. Kalisch declared a limited form of Usenet Death Penalty (UDP) when he became offended by what he termed "spammed cascades." He initially targeted several posting addresses,[9] followed by the first-ever UDP of a specific person, Raoul Xemblinosky (also known as Bufford L. Hatchett and other names).[10] Previously, UDP actions were reserved for servers.
Kalisch later declared UDPs on four other Meowers. Some Usenet posters criticized these bans, stating that the use of UDP violated a consensus that Usenet despammers should only UDP by originating server rather than by user. As Usenet aged, and the morphing of e-mail addresses and de facto
Many Usenet administrators and users saw abuse of anonymous remailers and open news servers as a nuisance. In response to the activities of Meowers, some anonymous remailers were modified so that news posting was restricted, and many open servers were closed. These efforts would be redoubled later when spammers and other vandals began to mimic Meower tactics. The most notable of these vandals was Hipcrime, who flooded many groups with senseless posts constructed using a steganography filter.
Another development that helped to curb Meower activity was server-side article filtering. Limitations could be placed on combinations of newsgroups, posting rates, and other article characteristics. Unlike cancels, server-side filtering only affects the servers on which it is installed.
See also
References
- ^ a b c Kiberd, Roisin (2016-07-08). "Twenty Years Ago, Trolling Was Repeatedly Posting 'Meow' in Usenet Groups". Vice. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
- ^ ISBN 1612194907, 9781612194905. Google Books pages discussing the Meow Wars (using "Meowers" to describe the participants) are PT29 and PT30
- ^ "MEOW (Or, 'what is all this crap on alt.college.college-bowl, anyway?)." George Washington University Trivia Club. December 2, 1998. Retrieved on October 31, 2017.
- ^ Google Groups
- ^ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
- ^ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
- ^ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
- ^ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
- ^ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
- ^ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
External links
- Boyd, Jeff (The 2-Belo). "The One True History of Meow." - A personal account of the Meow Wars referred to in the Motherboard article.
- alt.fan.karl-malden.nose newsgroup on Usenet (alternative free web access using Google Groups)
- The History of the Empire of Meow, by the 2-Belo at the Wayback Machine (archived March 25, 2008) - An account of the Meow Wars from the perspective of the "Meow" faction.
- Ron Schell's criticism of The One True History Of Meow at the Wayback Machine (archived June 22, 2009) - Another account, more sympathetic to the students.
- Another account of the Meow Wars, courtesy of Tim Young (Dartmouth '96, GWU Law '99) at the Wayback Machine (archived July 3, 2008) - A relatively impartial but detailed chronological summary of the events.
- Raoul Xemblinosky's home page) at the Wayback Machine (archived April 15, 2009) - A set of stories related to "Usenet Performance Art"