Merger Treaty
Treaty establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities | |
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Type | Merging the judicial, legislative and administrative bodies of the three Amsterdam Treaty ) |
Parties | |
Depositary | Government of Italy |
Citations | Subsequent amendment treaty: Single European Act (1986) |
Languages | Dutch, French, German and Italian |
Full text | |
Merger Treaty at Wikisource |
The Merger Treaty, also known as the Treaty of Brussels,
This treaty was abrogated by the
Without prejudice to the paragraphs following hereinafter, which have as their purpose to retain the essential elements of their provisions, the Convention of 25 March 1957 on certain institutions common to the European Communities and the Treaty of 8 April 1965 establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities, but with the exception of the Protocol referred to in paragraph 5, shall be repealed.
— Article 9(1) of theAmsterdam Treaty
Structural evolution of the European Commission
Signed In force Document |
1951 1952 Paris Treaty |
1957 1958 Rome treaties |
1965 1967 Merger Treaty |
2007 2009 Lisbon Treaty |
Commission of the European Atomic Energy Community
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Commission of the European Communities | European Commission | ||
High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community | ||||
Commission of the European Economic Community | ||||
EU evolution timeline
Since the end of World War II, sovereign European countries have entered into treaties and thereby co-operated and harmonised policies (or pooled sovereignty) in an increasing number of areas, in the European integration project or the construction of Europe (French: la construction européenne). The following timeline outlines the legal inception of the European Union (EU)—the principal framework for this unification. The EU inherited many of its present responsibilities from the European Communities (EC), which were founded in the 1950s in the spirit of the Schuman Declaration.
Legend: S: signing F: entry into force T: termination E: expiry de facto supersession Rel. w/ EC/EU framework: de facto inside outside |
European Union (EU) | [Cont.] | |||||||||||||||
European Communities (EC) | (Pillar I) | ||||||||||||||||
European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) | [Cont.] | ||||||||||||||||
/ / / European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) | |||||||||||||||||
European Economic Community (EEC) | |||||||||||||||||
Schengen Rules | European Community (EC) | ||||||||||||||||
'TREVI'
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/ North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) | [Cont.] | Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCC, pillar II )
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Anglo-French alliance |
[Defence arm handed to NATO] | European Political Co-operation (EPC) | Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP, pillar III) | ||||||||||||||
Western Union (WU) | / Western European Union (WEU) | [Tasks defined following the WEU's 1984 reactivation handed to the EU] | |||||||||||||||
[Social, cultural tasks handed to CoE] | [Cont.] | ||||||||||||||||
Council of Europe (CoE) | |||||||||||||||||
- ^ a b c d e Although not EU treaties per se, these treaties affected the development of the EU defence arm, a main part of the CFSP. The Franco-British alliance established by the Dunkirk Treaty was de facto superseded by WU. The CFSP pillar was bolstered by some of the security structures that had been established within the remit of the 1955 Modified Brussels Treaty (MBT). The Brussels Treaty was terminated in 2011, consequently dissolving the WEU, as the mutual defence clause that the Lisbon Treaty provided for EU was considered to render the WEU superfluous. The EU thus de facto superseded the WEU.
- European Political Community (EPC) were shelved following the French failure to ratify the Treaty establishing the European Defence Community(EDC). The EPC would have combined the ECSC and the EDC.
- ^ The European Communities obtained common institutions and a shared legal personality (i.e. ability to e.g. sign treaties in their own right).
- ^ The treaties of Maastricht and Rome form the EU's legal basis, and are also referred to as the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), respectively. They are amended by secondary treaties.
- ^ Between the EU's founding in 1993 and consolidation in 2009, the union consisted of three pillars, the first of which were the European Communities. The other two pillars consisted of additional areas of cooperation that had been added to the EU's remit.
- distribution of competencies between EU institutions and member states. This distribution, as well as treaty provisions for policy areas in which unanimity is required and qualified majority voting is possible, reflects the depth of EU integration as well as the EU's partly supranational and partly intergovernmentalnature.
References
- ^ Brussels Treaty (European history 1965-93) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
- ^ EUR-Lex, Treaty of Brussels (Merger Treaty), updated 21 March 2018, accessed 29 January 2021
External links
- Merger Treaty European NAvigator