Messier 83

Coordinates: Sky map 13h 37m 00.9s, −29° 51′ 57″
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Messier 83
Messier 83 captured by the Wide Field Imager at ESO's La Silla Observatory in September 2008
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationHydra
Right ascension13h 37m 00.919s[1]
Declination−29° 51′ 56.74″[1]
Redshift0.001721±0.000013[2]
Heliocentric radial velocity508 km/s[3]
Distance14.7 Mly (4.50 Mpc)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)7.6[4]
Characteristics
TypeSAB(s)c[2]
Size36.24 kiloparsecs (118,000 light-years)
(diameter; 26.0 mag/arcsec2 B-band isophote)[2]
Apparent size (V)12′.9 × 11′.5[5]
Other designations
Southern Pinwheel Galaxy, NGC 5236, PGC 48082, UGCA 366[6]

Messier 83 or M83, also known as the Southern Pinwheel Galaxy and NGC 5236, is a barred spiral galaxy[7] approximately 15 million light-years away in the constellation borders of Hydra and Centaurus. Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille discovered M83 on 17 February 1752 at the Cape of Good Hope.[8] Charles Messier added it to his catalogue of nebulous objects (now known as the Messier Catalogue) in March 1781.[8]

It is one of the closest and brightest barred spiral galaxies in the sky, and is visible with binoculars.[9] It has an isophotal diameter at about 36.24 kiloparsecs (118,000 light-years). Its nickname of the Southern[a] Pinwheel derives from its resemblance to the Pinwheel Galaxy (M101).

Characteristics

M83 is a massive,

De Vaucouleurs system is SAB(s)c,[2] where the 'SAB' denotes a weak-barred spiral, '(s)' indicates a pure spiral structure with no ring, and 'c' means the spiral arms are loosely wound.[11] The peculiar dwarf galaxy NGC 5253 lies near M83,[12] and the two likely interacted within the last billion years resulting in starburst activity in their central regions.[10]

The

Galaxy Evolution Explorer project on 16 April 2008 reported finding large numbers of new stars in the outer reaches of the galaxy—20 kpc from the center. It had hitherto been thought that these areas lacked the materials necessary for star formation.[14][15]

Supernovae

Six supernovae have been observed in M83: SN 1923A (mag. 14),[16] SN 1945B (mag. 14.2),[17] SN 1950B (mag. 14.5),[18] SN 1957D (mag. 15),[19][20] SN 1968L (mag. 11.9),[21] and SN 1983N (type Ia, mag. 11.9).[22]

Environment

M83 is at the center of one of two subgroups within the Centaurus A/M83 Group, a nearby galaxy group.[23] Centaurus A is at the center of the other subgroup. These are sometimes identified as one group,[24][25] and sometimes as two.[26] However, the galaxies around Centaurus A and the galaxies around M83 are physically close to each other, and both subgroups appear not to be moving relative to each other.[27]

See also

  • List of Messier objects
  • M83 (band), the band named after the galaxy

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 18913331
    .
  2. ^
    Springer-Verlag. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help
    )
  3. ^
    S2CID 250737862
    . 50.
  4. ^ "Messier 83". SEDS Messier Catalog. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  5. ^ "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 5236. Retrieved 8 December 2006.
  6. ^ "M 83". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
  7. ^ "Multimedia Gallery: M83 – Southern Pinwheel Galaxy". NASA/JPL-Caltech/WISE Team. 25 June 2010.
  8. ^
    ISBN 978-0-521-37079-0
    .
  9. ^ "M 83". messierobjects101.com. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  10. ^
    S2CID 16296827
    .
  11. doi:10.1086/190084
    .
  12. S2CID 121984029
  13. S2CID 119295019
    . A145.
  14. ^ "Stellar Birth in the Galactic Wilderness". 16 April 2008. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  15. S2CID 119189782
    .
  16. ^ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1923A. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  17. ^ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1945B. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  18. ^ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1950B. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  19. ^ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1957D. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  20. S2CID 118978264
  21. ^ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1968L. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  22. ^ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1983N. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  23. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020042
    .
  24. ISBN 978-0-521-35299-4
    .
  25. Bibcode:1992A&AS...93..211F
    .
  26. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G
    .
  27. S2CID 119385141
    .
  1. ^ Its declination means every day it passes the zenith of the sky at the matching parallel of the earth, which is that of northern Argentina. It can be viewed more than an ideal 15° above the horizon for a further 75° to the north, placing such a northern limit of good observation at the 45th parallel north

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Messier 83.


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