Mesud II
| Mesud II | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sultan of Rum | |||||
| First reign | 1284–1297 | ||||
| Predecessor | Kaykhusraw III | ||||
| Successor | Kayqubad III | ||||
| Second reign | 1303–1308[1] | ||||
| Predecessor | Kayqubad III | ||||
| Successor | Office abolished | ||||
| Died | 1308 | ||||
| Burial | Samsun, Turkey | ||||
| Issue | Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud III | ||||
| |||||
| Dynasty | Seljuk | ||||
| Father | Kaykaus II | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
Ghiyath al-Dīn Me’sud ibn Kaykaus or Mesud II (
Seljuks
.
Reign
Masud II was the eldest son of
Ahmed deposed and executed the Seljuq sultan Kaykhusraw III and installed Masud in his place.[2] Ahmad's successor, Arghun, divided the Seljuq lands and granted Konya and the western half of the kingdom to the deposed sultan's two young sons. Masud invaded with a small force, had the two boys killed, and established himself in the city in 1286.[3]
He led several campaigns against the emerging Turkmen principalities, the
Beyliks, always on behalf of the Mongols and usually with Mongol troops. Notable among these is the expedition beginning late in 1286 against the Germiyanids. The Germiyanids were a warlike band of Turkmen ancestry, settled by the Seljuqs a generation before in southwestern Anatolia to keep the more unruly Turkmen nomads in check. Masud conducted the campaign under the tutelage of the vizier and elder statesman, Fakhr al-Din Ali. Though there were a few successes on the battlefield, the highly mobile Germiyanids remained a significant force in the region. Masud and his Mongol allies conducted similarly futile expeditions against the Karamanids, Eshrefids and Ottomans.[4]
In 1297 in an atmosphere characterized by intrigue and near constant revolt against the distant Ilkhan authority, both on the part of Mongol officers and local
Mahmud Ghazan. The impoverished Masud returned to the throne in 1303.[6]
From about 1306 Masud, and the Seljuq Sultanate with him, disappears from the historical record.[6] Although, latest findings in 2015 propose his grave has been identified in Samsun.[7]
According to Rustam Shukurov, Masud II "had dual Christian and Muslim identity, an identity which was further complicated by dual Turkic/Persian and Greek ethnic identity".[8]
References
- ISBN 978-9-7538-9566-8.
- ^ Claude Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey: a general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history, trans. J. Jones-Williams (New York: Taplinger, 1968), p. 294
- ^ Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey, p. 295
- ^ Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey, pp. 296f
- ^ Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey, p. 300
- ^ a b Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey, p. 301
- ^ "Son Selçuklu Sultanı 2. Mesut'un Mezarı Samsun'da (Graveyard of the Last Saljuk Sultan, Mesud II, is in Samsun)". İhlas News Agency (in Turkish). iha.com.tr. 27 May 2015. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ Peacock & Yildiz 2013, p. 133.
Sources
- Peacock, A.C.S.; Yildiz, Sara Nur, eds. (2013). The Seljuks of Anatolia: Court and Society in the Medieval Middle East. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-0857733467.
- Kesık, Muharrem (2004). "MESUD II - An article published in Turkish Encyclopedia of Islam". ISBN 978-9753894159.)
{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
External links
- Prof. Dr. Mehmet Eti. "Examples of coinage in Masud's name: Seljuk numismatics". Archived from the original on 2008-02-01.
