Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski
Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski | |
---|---|
Father | Kazimierz Czartoryski |
Mother | Izabela Elżbieta Morsztyn |
Prince Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski (1696–1775) was a Polish
He served as
Biography
Czartoryski was born in 1696 in
For the next forty years Czartoryski was the leading Polish statesman. In foreign affairs he was the first to favour an alliance with Russia, Austria and England, as opposed to France and Prussia—a system difficult to sustain and not always beneficial to Poland or Saxony. In Poland Czartoryski was at the head of the party of reform. His palace was the place where the most promising young gentlemen of the day were educated and sent abroad that they might return as his coadjutors in his work. His plan aimed at the restoration of the royal prerogative and the abolition of the liberum veto, which made any durable improvement impossible. These patriotic endeavours made the Czartoryskis very unpopular with the szlachta (nobility), but for many years they had the firm and constant support of the Saxon court, especially after Brühl succeeded Fleming.[4]
Czartoryski reached the height of his power in 1752 when he was entrusted with the
During the ensuing interregnum, the prince chancellor worked at the convocation diet of 1764 to reform the constitution, and it was with displeasure that he saw his nephew Stanisław finally elected king Stanisław II August in 1765. But though disgusted with the weakness of the king and obliged to abandon at last all hope of the amelioration of his country, Czartoryski continued to hold office till the last, and as chancellor of Lithuania he sealed all the partition treaties.[4]
Czartoryski died in the full possession of his faculties and was considered by the Russian minister
Family
Prince Michał Czartoryski married Countess Elenora Monika Waldstein on 30 October 1726 in Prague. They had four children (three daughters, one son):
- Jerzy Detloff Flemmingon 13 February 1744 in Warsaw.
- Konstancja (1729-1749), second wife of Jerzy Flemming.
- Aleksandra (1730-1798)
- Antoni (1732-1753)
Bibliography
- Polski Słownik Biograficzny, t. IV, Kraków1938 s. 288-294.
- Krystyna Zienkowska, Stanisław August Poniatowski, Wrocław 1998.
- Wojciech Kriegseisen, Sejmiki Rzeczypospolitej Szlacheckiej w XVII i XVIII wieku, Warszawa 1991.
- Marcin Matuszewicz, Diariusz życia mego, tom 1 1714-1757, oprac. B. Królikowski, Warszawa 1986.
- Polska stanisławowska w oczach cudzoziemców, tom I, oprac. W. Zawadzki, Warszawa 1963.
- Polska stanisławowska w oczach cudzoziemców, tom II, oprac. W. Zawadzki, Warszawa 1963.
- Kazimierz Waliszewski, Potoccy i Czartoryscy. Walka stronnictw i programów politycznych. Przed upadkiem Rzeczypospolitej 1734 – 1763, Kraków 1887.
- Emanuel Rostworowski, O polską koronę. Polityka Francji w latach 1725 – 1733, Wrocław 1958.
References
- Britannica. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
- ISBN 978-1-61530-991-7.
- ^ Bain (1911) refers to these as "the irreconcilable Potokis"
- ^ a b c d e public domain: Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Czartoryski, Fryderyk Michal, Prince". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 722. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the