Michael Silverstein
Michael Silverstein | |
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Born | Karl Teeter[1] | 12 September 1945
Academic work | |
Institutions | University of Chicago |
Semiotics |
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Michael Silverstein (12 September 1945 – 17 July 2020)
Academic work
Silverstein earned his undergraduate degree at
He was a prime influence in defining 'language ideologies' as a field of study. Language ideologies are socially grounded beliefs and conceptualisations of language, its functions and its users.[10] Based on work of Benjamin Lee Whorf and Charles Sanders Peirce, and incorporating insights from structuralism, philology, history and social theory, he saw 'language ideologies' as patterns that guide speakers' use of language and so, eventually, change that language. We talk on the basis of what we believe we can do with and in language, and by doing that we shape our language. Thus, language ideologies form the bridge between language patterns and social and cultural structure, as the socially grounded beliefs in what language is and does convert into particular patterns of use that are understandable, precisely because they fit these beliefs and the expectations they generate. The connections between usage and beliefs are empirically identifiable as 'metapragmatics' - the articulation of beliefs about language use in language use (as when one uses polite formulae in addressing someone in a superior position).[11]
Silverstein's work caused a theoretical and conceptual shift in anthropology, linguistics and sociolinguistics. It led to a renewed interest in the study of
He also studied the indigenous languages of
In 2014, he was awarded the "most prestigious award in anthropology", the Franz Boas award for Exemplary Service to Anthropology by the American Anthropological Association[13]
Publications
- 1976a. "Hierarchy of features and ergativity." In Grammatical Categories in Australian Languages (R.M.W. Dixon, ed.), 112–171.
- 1976b. "Shifters, linguistic categories and cultural description."
- 1977. "Cultural prerequisites to grammatical analysis." In Linguistics and Anthropology (M. Saville-Troike, ed.), 139-51. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press.
- 1979. "Language structure and linguistic ideology." In The Elements: A Parasession on Linguistic Units and Levels (R. Cline, W. Hanks, and C. Hofbauer, eds.), 193-247. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.
- 1981a. "Case marking and the nature of language." Australian Journal of Linguistics, 227-244.
- 1981b. "The limits of awareness."
- 1985a. "Language and the culture of gender: at the intersection of structure, usage, and ideology." In Semiotic Mediation: Sociocultural and Psychological Perspectives (E. Mertz and R. Parmentier, eds.), 219-259. Orlando: Academic Press.
- 1985b. "The functional stratification of language and ontogenesis."
- 1987a. "The three faces of function: preliminaries to a psychology of language."
- 1987b. "Cognitive implications of a referential hierarchy."
- 1987c. "Monoglot 'Standard' in America: standardization and metaphors of linguistic hegemony."
- 1992. "The indeterminacy of contextualization: when is enough enough?" In The Contextualization of Language (Auer, Peter & Aldo Di Luzio, eds.), 55-76.
- 1992. "Of nominatives and datives: universal grammar from the bottom up."
- 1993. "Metapragmatic discourse and metapragmatic function." In Reflexive Language: Reported Speech and Metapragmatics (J. Lucy, ed.), 33-58.
- 1996. Natural Histories of Discourse (editor, with ISBN 0-8223-3474-7.
- Includes chapter, "The Secret Life of Texts", 81-105.
- 1997a. "Encountering languages and languages of encounter in North American ethnohistory."
- 1997b. "The Improvisational Performance of Culture in Realtime Discursive Practice". In Creativity in Performance (R. K. Sawyer, ed.). Greenwich, CT: Ablex Publishing Corp., 265-312.
- 1998. "Contemporary transformations of local linguistic communities." Annual Review of Anthropology.
- 2000. "Whorfianism and the linguistic imagination of nationality." In Regimes of Language.
- 2003a. "Indexical order and the dialectics of sociolinguistic life."
- 2003b. "The Whens and Wheres—as well as Hows—of Ethnolinguistic Recognition."
- 2003c. Talking Politics: The substance of style from Abe to "W". Chicago: Prickly Paradigm Press. ISBN 0-9717575-5-0.
- 2004a. "'Cultural' Concepts and the Language-Culture Nexus". Current Anthropology 45(5), 621-652.
- 2004b. "Boasian cosmographic anthropology and the sociocentric component of mind." In Significant Others: Interpersonal and Professional Commitments in Anthropology" (Richard Handler, ed.), 131-157.
- 2005a. "Axes of Evals: Token versus Type Interdiscursivity." Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 15.1:6-22.
- 2005b. "Languages/Cultures are Dead! Long Live the Linguistic-Cultural!" In D. Segal & S. Yanagisako, eds., Unwrapping the Sacred Bundle: Reflections on the Disciplining of Anthropology. Durham: Duke University Press, 99-125. ISBN 0-8223-3474-7.
- 2005c. "The Poetics of Politics: 'Theirs' and 'Ours'."
- 2006a. "How we look from where we stand" (review article).
- 2006b. "Old wine, new ethnographic lexicography." Annual Review of Anthropology.
- 2022. Language in Culture. Cambridge University Press.
References
- ^ Stephen O. Murray. 1998. American Sociolinguistics: Theorists and Theory Groups. John Benjamins, pp. 236–37.
- ^ "Michael Silverstein, groundbreaking anthropologist and linguist, 1945-2020". uchicago news. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Michael Silverstein". University of Chicago Department of Linguistics. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
- ^ "Michael Silverstein, groundbreaking anthropologist and linguist, 1945-2020". uchicago news. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Jonathan Yovel and Elizabeth E. Mertz. "Metalinguistic Awareness". Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights. Ed. an-Ola Östman, Jef Verschueren, Jan Blommaert, Chris Bulcaen,. 2010. p. 252-3
- ^ Blount, Ben G. 1995. Language, Culture, and Society: A book of Readings. Waveland Press. Inc. pp. 106-7
- ^ ""Linguistic Relativity, Whorf, Linguistic Anthropology"". Society for Linguistic Anthropology. 1 September 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2020. "Over an extensive set of publications not designed for the casual reader, Michael Silverstein ... has brought Whorf to bear in formulating one of the key research paradigms of contemporary linguistic anthropology, the investigation of the linguistic and social concomitants of linguistic ideologies."
- ^ Stephen O. Murray. 1998. American Sociolinguistics: Theorists and Theory Groups. John Benjamins, pp. 236–37.
- ^ "Michael Silverstein". MacArthur Foundation. 1 August 1982. Archived from the original on 21 December 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
- ^ Jonathan Yovel and Elizabeth E. Mertz. "Metalinguistic Awareness". Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights. Ed. an-Ola Östman, Jef Verschueren, Jan Blommaert, Chris Bulcaen,. 2010. p. 262
- ^ Woolard, Kathryn A. 1998. Introduction: Language Ideology as A Field of Inquiry. in Language Ideology: Practice and Theory. Schiffelin, Bambi B., Kathryn Woolard and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.) Oxford University Press.
- from the original on 24 May 2023 – via The University of Chicago Press: Journals.
- ^ "Michael Silverstein Honored With Most Prestigious Award in Anthropology" (PDF). American Anthropological Association. 24 November 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2015.