Michael Weiße

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Michael Weiße
Bornc. 1488 (1488)
Neiße
Died19 March 1534(1534-03-19) (aged 46)
Landskron
Other namesMichael Weisse
Occupations
  • Theologian
  • Hymn writer
OrganizationUnity of the Brethren

Michael Weiße or Weisse (c. 1488 – 19 March 1534) was a German theologian,

Franciscan, he joined the Bohemian Brethren. He published the most extensive early Protestant hymnal in 1531, supplying most hymn texts and some tunes himself. One of his hymns was used in Johann Sebastian Bach's St John Passion
.

Career

Weiße was born in

Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) in 1510. He and colleagues Johannes Zeising[3] and Johann Mönch converted to the teaching of Martin Luther, and were expelled from Breslau around 1517. In 1518 they were admitted to the Bohemian Brethren
.

Weiße was elected as Prediger (preacher) and Vorsteher (leader) of the German community of brethren in

Brünn in 1528 on a decree of the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I.[1]

In 1531, Weiße was ordained as a priest of the Unity of the Brethren on a synod in Brandeis, and at the same time made Vorsteher of the German congregations in Landskron and Fulnek.[1] He died in Landskron in 1534.[1]

Works

Weiße wrote theological tracts and hymn lyrics, which he partially set to music himself. He published in 1531 the hymnal of the Brethren, Ein New Gesengbuchlein (A new little hymnal), in

Jungbunzlau in 1531. The first hymnal of the Brethren in German contained 157 hymns, 137 written or adapted by Weiße, on melodies mostly from the Bohemian tradition of the Brethren. Then the most extensive Protestant hymnal, it influenced other collections.[1][4] It was the first hymnal structured by topics, eight sections for times of the liturgical year, praise, prayer, teaching ("Leergeseng"), times of the day, children, penitence, funeral ("Zum begrebnis d Todte"), last judgement ("Vom jüngsten Tag"), saints ("Von den rechten heiligen") and testament ("Von dem Testament des herren").[4]

One of Weiße's hymns was used in

Passion oratorio Wer ist der, so von Edom kömmt (movements 2, 24, 27, 30, 38, 40 and 42).[7][8] Mauricio Kagel quoted the hymn, paraphrased to "Bach, der uns selig macht" in his oratorio Sankt-Bach-Passion telling Bach's
life, composed for the tricentenary of Bach's birth in 1985.

Eight hymns by Weiße are part of the current German Protestant hymnal Evangelisches Gesangbuch (EG), including his Easter hymn "Gelobt sei Gott im höchsten Thron". His hymnal was reprinted by Konrad Ameln in 1957 as a facsimile, titled Gesangbuch der Böhmischen Brüder 1531 (Hymnal of the Bohemien Brethren 1531). A digitized edition from Nuremeburg, 1544, is accessible on e-rara.[9]

Literature

  • Petr Hlaváček: Die Franziskaner-Observanten zwischen böhmischer und europäischer Reformation. In: Winfried Eberhard und Franz Machilek (ed.): Kirchliche Reformimpulse des 14./14. Jahrhunderts in Ostmitteleuropa. Böhlau-Verlag 2006,
    ISBN 978-3-412-26105-4
    , pp.321f.
  • Michael Weiße. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL).
  • S. Fornagon. Michael Weiße. Jahrbuch für Schlesische Kirche und Kirchengeschichte. NF 33, 1954, pp. 34–44.
  • ISBN 3-932544-13-7
    .
  • Andreas Marti: Weiße, Michael. In: Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart. volume 8. 4th edition. 2005, p.1379.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wolkan, Rudolf (1896). "Weiße, Michael (in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie)" (in German). Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig. pp. 597–600. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  2. ISBN 3-631-32750-1
    , pp. 281–302.
  3. ^ Vgl. Zeising, Johannes (d. 1528) - GAMEO (retrieved 22 July 2012).
  4. ^ a b Lorbeer, Lukas (2012). Die Sterbe- und Ewigkeitslieder in deutschen lutherischen Gesangbüchern des 17. Jahrhunderts (in German). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 36–37.
    ISBN 978-3-64-756402-9
    .
  5. ^ Ambrose, Z. Philip (2012). "BWV 245 Johannes-Passion". University of Vermont. Retrieved 29 March 2014.
  6. ^
    ISBN 0-19-158871-7
    . Retrieved 5 April 2014.
  7. ^ Wer ist der, so von Edom kömmt by Johann Christoph Altnikol et al.: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
  8. ^ Text-, Liedvorlagen, Bibelkonkordanzen und Besetzungsangaben zu den geistlichen Kantaten, Oratorien & Passionen Johann Sebastian Bachs at www.s-line.de/homepages/bachdiskographie
  9. ^ Ein Gesangbuch der Brüder inn Behemen unnd Merherrn, Nürnberg, 1544, doi:10.3931/e-rara-79800

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Weiße&oldid=1171243192"