Michel Leiris

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Michel Leiris
1984 portrait
Born20 April 1901 Edit this on Wikidata
Died30 September 1990 Edit this on Wikidata (aged 89)
OccupationWriter, poet, collector Edit this on Wikidata
FamilyPierre Leiris Edit this on Wikidata

Julien Michel Leiris (French:

ethnographer. Part of the Surrealist group in Paris, Leiris became a key member of the College of Sociology with Georges Bataille and head of research in ethnography at the CNRS.[2]

Biography

Michel Leiris obtained his baccalauréat in philosophy at the

Surrealist movement, contributed to La Révolution surréaliste,[4] published Simulacre (1925),[5] and Le Point Cardinal (1927), and wrote a surrealist novel Aurora (1927–28; first published in 1946). In 1926, he married Louise Godon,[6] the stepdaughter of Picasso's art dealer Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler[6]
and traveled to Egypt and Greece.

Following a falling-out with the surrealist leader

Picasso, and the 16th Century painter Antoine Caron. He also wrote an article on “The Ethnographer’s Eye (concerning the Dakar-Djibouti mission)” before setting off in 1930 as the secretary-archivist in Marcel Griaule's ambitious ethnographic expedition. From this experience, Leiris published his first important book in 1934, L’Afrique fantôme, combining both an ethnographic study and an autobiographical project, which broke with the traditional ethnographic writing style of Griaule. Upon his return, he started his practice as an ethnographer at the Musée de l'Homme
, a position he kept until 1971.

In 1937, Leiris teamed up with Bataille and

French colonies, in 1945. As a member of Jean-Paul Sartre's editorial committee for Les Temps modernes,[9] Leiris was involved in a series of political struggles, including the Algerian War, and was one of the first to sign the Déclaration sur le droit à l'insoumission dans la guerre d'Algérie,[10]
the 1960 manifesto supporting the fight against the colonial forces in Algeria.

In 1961, Leiris was made head of research in ethnography at the C.N.R.S. (

Francis Bacon, a close friend for whom he had modeled.[12] That year he also published Nights as Day, Days as Night [13](Eng. translation, Spurl Editions, 2017
).

Considered a leading figure in 20th century French literature, sociology, and cultural criticism, Michel Leiris left a considerable number of works. These range from autobiographical works such as L'Age d'homme (1939), La Règle du jeu (1948–1976) and his Journal 1922-1989 (published postmortem in 1992); art criticism such as Au verso des images (1980) and Francis Bacon face et profil (1983); music criticism such as Operratiques (1992); and scientific contributions such as La Langue secrète des Dogons de Saga (1948) and Race et civilisation (1951). (His fields of interest in anthropology ranged from bullfighting to possession in Gondar, Ethiopia.)

With Jean Jamin, Leiris founded

Musée du quai Branly
(Paris, France).

Leiris was also a talented poet, and poetry was important in his approach to the world. In the preface to Haut Mal, suivi de Autres Lancers (Gallimard 1969) he is quoted as saying that "the practice of poetry enables us to posit the Other as an equal" and that poetic inspiration is "a very rare thing, a fleeting gift from Heaven, to which the poet needs to be, at the price of an absolute purity, receptive – and to pay with his unhappiness for the benefits derived from this blessing."

Works (selection)

  • Simulacre (1925)
  • Le Point Cardinal (1927)
  • Aurora (1927–28)
  • L’Afrique fantôme (1934); Phantom Africa (Eng. translation, Brent Hayes Edwards, Seagull Books, 2018)
  • L’Âge d’homme (1939); Manhood (Eng. translation, Richard Howard, University of Chicago Press, 1992)
  • Haut Mal (poems) (1943) / reprinted as Haut Mal, suivi de Autres lancers (1969)
  • La Langue secrète des Dogons de Saga (1948)
  • La règle du jeu (1948–1976); The Rules of the Game
    • Vol. 1: Biffures (1948) (Eng. translation: Scratches, Lydia Davis, 1991)
    • Vol. 2: Fourbis (1955) (Eng. tr. Scraps, Lydia Davis, 1997)
    • Vol. 3: Fibrilles (1966) (Eng. tr. Fibrils, Lydia Davis, 2017)
    • Vol. 4: Frêle Bruit (1976)
  • Race et civilisation (1951)
  • La Possession et ses aspects théatraux chez les Éthiopiens du Gondar (1958)
  • Nuits sans nuit et quelques jours sans jour (1961); Nights as Day, Days as Night (Eng. translation, Richard Sieburth, Spurl Editions, 2017)
  • Brisées (1966) (Eng. translation, Lydia Davis, North Point Press, 1990)
  • Au verso des images (1980)
  • Le Ruban au cou d'Olympia (1981) (Eng. translation: The Ribbon at Olympia's Throat, Christine Pichini, 2019)
  • Francis Bacon face et profil (1983)
  • Operratiques (1992)
  • Journal 1922-1989 (1992)

See also

References

  1. ^ "Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research" (PDF). Chicago Journal.
  2. ^ "Michel Leiris". MIT Press. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  3. ^ Oisteanu, Valery (2012-06-04). "ANDRÉ MASSON The Mythology of Desire: Masterworks from 1925 to 1945". The Brooklyn Rail. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  4. ^ "Michel Leiris (André Breton)". www.andrebreton.fr. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  5. ^ www.bibliopolis.com. "SIMULACRE by André Masson, Michel Leiris on William Reese Company". William Reese Company. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  6. ^ a b www.metmuseum.org https://www.metmuseum.org/art/libraries-and-research-centers/leonard-lauder-research-center/research/index-of-cubist-art-collectors/leiris. Retrieved 2020-07-28. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. OCLC 801805934
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-8223-3068-4
    .
  9. ISBN 9780511897726. Retrieved 2020-07-28. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help
    )
  10. ^ SIRINELLI, Jean-François (1998-01-12). "Algérie, Manifeste des 121. "Déclaration sur le droit à l'insoumission dans la guerre d'Algérie"". Libération.fr (in French). Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  11. ^ "Michel Leiris - Auteur". CNRS Editions (in French). Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  12. ^ "Michel Leiris | Francis Bacon". www.francis-bacon.com. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  13. JSTOR 24515878
    .
  14. ^ "Gradhiva - Revue d'anthropologie et d'histoire des arts". journals.openedition.org (in French). Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  • Jean-Louis de Rambures, "Comment travaillent les écrivains", Paris 1978 (interview with M. Leiris, in French)

External links

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