Michigan Legislature
Michigan Legislature | ||
---|---|---|
102nd Michigan Legislature | ||
Senate Majority Leader | ||
House Majority Floor Leader | ||
Structure | ||
Seats | 148 38 Senators 110 Representatives | |
political groups | Majority
Minority
| |
House of Representatives political groups | Majority
Minority
| |
Length of term | Michigan Constitution | |
Salary | $71,685 salary/year + $10,800 per diem/year | |
Elections | ||
Last Senate election | November 8, 2022 | |
Last House of Representatives election | November 8, 2022 | |
Next Senate election | November 3, 2026 | |
Next House of Representatives election | November 5, 2024 | |
Redistricting | Independent redistricting commission (as of December 14, 2018)[1] | |
Meeting place | ||
Michigan State Capitol Lansing | ||
Website | ||
legislature |
The Michigan Legislature is the
The 102nd Michigan Legislature was sworn in on January 11, 2023.
Titles
Members of the Senate are referred to as Senators and members of the House of Representatives are referred to as Representatives. Because this shadows the terminology used to describe
Michigan Senate
The Senate is the upper house of the Legislature. Its members are elected on a partisan basis for four-year terms, concurrent with the election of the
Michigan House of Representatives
The House of Representatives is the lower house of the Legislature. Its members are elected on a partisan basis for two-year terms, at the same time at which
Term limits
On November 3, 1992, almost 59 percent of Michigan voters backed Proposal B, the Michigan Term Limits Amendment, which amended the State Constitution, to enact term limits on federal and state officials. In 1995, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states could not enact congressional term limits, but ruled that the state-level term limits remain. Under the amendment, a person could be elected to the office of governor, attorney general, and secretary of state two times each. It also limited the number of times a person could be elected to the House of Representatives to three times, and to the Senate two times. A provision governing partial terms was also included. These provisions became Article IV, section 54 and Article V, section 30 of the Michigan Constitution.[6] On November 8, 2022, voters approved Proposal 1, limiting state representatives and senators to 12 years combined in either chamber of the legislature, but senators re-elected in 2022 would remain eligible for their new terms even if it pushed them over the 12-year limit.[7]
Qualifications
Senators and Representatives must be a U.S. citizen, at least 21 years of age, and an elector of the district they represent. Under state law, moving out of the district shall be deemed a vacation of the office. No person who has been convicted of subversion or who has within the preceding 20 years been convicted of a felony involving a breach of public trust shall be eligible for either chamber of the legislature.
Legislative session
For reckoning periods of time during which the Legislature operates, each two-year period coinciding with the election of new members of the House of Representatives is numbered consecutively as a legislature, dating to the first legislature following adoption of Michigan's first constitution. The current two-year term of the legislature (January 11, 2023 – January 8, 2025) is the 102nd Legislature.
Each year during which the Legislature meets constitutes a new legislative session. According to Article IV Section 13 of the Michigan Constitution, a new session of the Legislature begins when the members of each house convene, on the second Wednesday of January every year at noon. A regular session of the Legislature typically lasts throughout the entire year with several periods of recess and adjourns
The Michigan Legislature is one of ten full-time state legislative bodies in the United States.[8] Members receive a base salary of $71,685 per year, which makes them the fourth-highest paid legislators in the country, after California, Pennsylvania and New York. While legislators in many states receive per diems that make up for lower salaries, Michigan legislators receive $10,800 per year for session and interim expenses.[9] Salaries and expense allowances are determined by the State Officers Compensation Commission.[3]
Any legislation pending in either chamber at the end of a session that is not the end of a legislative term of office continues and carries over to the next Legislative Session.
Powers and process
The Michigan Legislature is authorized by the
Leadership
The
The Speaker of the House and the Senate Majority Leader control the assignment of committees and leadership positions, along with control of the agenda in their chambers. The two leaders, along with the Governor of Michigan, control most of the agenda of state business in Michigan.
- President of the Michigan Senate (Lieutenant Governor): Garlin Gilchrist (D)[12]
- President Pro Tempore of the Michigan Senate: Jeremy Moss (D)
- Majority Leader of the Michigan Senate: Winnie Brinks (D)
- Minority Leader of the Michigan Senate: Aric Nesbitt (R)
- Speaker Pro Tempore of the Michigan House: Laurie Pohutsky (D)
- Majority Leader of the Michigan House: Abraham Aiyash (D)
- Minority Leader of the Michigan House: Matt Hall (R)
See also
References
- ^ Gibbons, Lauren (November 7, 2018). "What the passage of Proposal 2 means for Michigan". MLive.com. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
- ^ "State Constitution of Michigan Article IV Section I". Michigan Legislature.
- ^ a b c d e f "Chapter 2: About State Government" (PDF). Michigan in Brief: 1998–99. Public Sector Consultants. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2007.
- ^ "Michigan State Legislature". Ballotpedia.
- ^ "Citizen's Guide". Michigan House of Representatives.
- ^ "Constitutional Amendments" (PDF). Michigan Legislature.
- ^ DesOrmeau, Taylor (November 9, 2022). "Proposal 1: Voters pass plan to shorten term limits, require politicians to disclose finances". MLive. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
- ^ "Full- and Part-Time Legislatures".
- ^ National Conference of State Legislatures
- ^ "Citizens Guide". Michigan House of Representatives.
- ^ "Michigan State Constitution - Article V, Section 25". Michigan Legislature.
- ^ "Senate Leadership". Michigan Senate.
- ^ "House Leadership". Michigan House of Representatives.