Microsaccade
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Microsaccades are a kind of
arcminutes. The first empirical evidence for their existence was provided by Robert Darwin, the father of Charles Darwin.[1][2]
Function
The role of microsaccades in
saccadic suppression.[8] Microsaccades are also believed to be important for preventing the retinal image from fading.[9]
Microsaccades are tied to complex visual processing like reading. The specific timing pattern of microsaccades in humans changes during reading based on the structure of the word being read.[10][11]
Experiments in
primary visual cortex
(V1), microsaccades can move a
stationary stimulus in and out of a neuron's receptive field, thereby producing transient neural responses.[12][13] Microsaccades might account for much of the response variability of neurons in visual area V1 of the awake monkey.
Current research in visual neuroscience and psychophysics is investigating how microsaccades relate to fixation correction, memory,[14] control of binocular fixation disparity[15] and attentional shifts.[16]
Clinical application
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The assessment of microsaccades can help in the diagnosis of multiple neurological and ophthalmological conditions.[17]
See also
References
Notes
- JSTOR 106628.
- PMID 19683016.
- ^ "Optical illusions: caused by eye or brain?"
- ^ 200-year-old Scientific Debate Involving Visual Illusions
- ^ The truth behind 'Where's Waldo?'
- ^ Rucci, M., Iovin, R., Poletti, M., Santini, F. (2007). "Miniature Eye Movements Enhance Fine Spatial Detail." Nature,447(7146), 851-854.
- ^ "Eye flickers key for fine detail". BBC News. June 2007.
- PMID 5608665.
- ^ Alexander, R. G.; Martinez-Conde, S (2019). "Fixational eye movements". Eye Movement Research. Springer, Cham. pp. 73–115.
- PMID 28638094.
- ISBN 9780123858702.
- PMID 10844040.
- S2CID 18751039.
- S2CID 71148025.
- PMID 25250983.
- PMID 15639499.
- PMID 29593642.
Bibliography
- R. H. S. Carpenter. Movements of the Eyes (Pion, London, 1988).
- Guerrasio, Lorenzo (2011). Subcortical Control of Visual Fixation. Dissertation, LMU München: Faculty of Medicine.
- Martinez-Conde, Susana; MacKnik, Stephen L.; Hubel, David H. (2004). "The role of fixational eye movements in visual perception". S2CID 27188405.