Milk of Hera
The myth of the milk of Hera (
Etymology
The ancient Greek word for 'Milky Way' and 'galaxy' both is γαλαξίας, literally meaning "milky",
Mythology
It was said that once Heracles had been born, either Zeus or his son Hermes took the infant and brought him to Hera, who was sleeping, and placed him to her breast so that he could suckle from her. Once Hera awoke and understood the situation, she pushed the baby away, and her unexpressed milk was sprayed. This story was attributed to (pseudo-)Eratosthenes.[4][5]
In another telling, after Alcmene managed to bring forth both infants, she grew fearful of Hera's wrath and imminent retribution, so she exposed the infant in some field. The goddess Athena, Heracles' half-sister, found him and brought him to Hera, without revealing his identity. Hera, admiring the baby, offered to breastfeed him. But Heracles bit too hard on her breast, hurting her and forcing Hera to cast him aside in pain, as Athena returned him to his mortal parents.[6]
A version that diverges significantly from the more known ones states that the milk was not Hera's at all. According to the Roman mythographer
Both Eratosthenes and Hyginus link Heracles breastfeeding Hera to his legitimation as an infant, since the only way for a son of Zeus to be able to receive honours in heaven was through being nursed by Hera, with Hyginus providing an additional example with Hermes. Neither Diodorus nor Pausanias make such connection between the breastfeeding and Heracles suckling from his father's wife breast; Diodorus mentions another ritual, which included a mock labour with Hera acting as Alcmene, as the way Heracles was legitimized after his apotheosis.[8]
Whatever the details and the circumstances of the myth, it was said that the divine milk that spilt and sprayed across the heavens became the
In a lesser-known variant, some of the milk's portion that was released fell down on the earth, and transformed into a lily, a flower as white as Hera's milk.[8][11][12]
See also
Mythology portal
Ancient Greece portal
Astronomy portal
- Milky Way (mythology)
- Heracles at the crossroads
- Five Suns
References
- Liddell & Scott s.v. γαλαξίας
- Liddell & Scott s.v. γάλα
- ^ Beekes 2009, p. 256.
- ^ Hard 2015, p. 132.
- ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece 9.25.2
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, Historic Library 4.9.6-7
- ^ Hyginus Astronomica 2.43.1
- ^ a b Pirenne-Delforge & Pironti 2022, pp. 257-258.
- ^ a b Waller 2017, p. 13.
- ^ Miles, Mathy A.; Peters, Charles F. (2002). "Along the Milky Way". Retrieved 2007-01-05.
- ^ Geoponica XIX
- ^ Ascherson 1884, p. 18.
Bibliography
- Anonymous (1805). Geoponika: Agricultural Pursuits. Vol. II. Translated by Thomas Owen. London.
- Ascherson, Ferdinand (1884). Berliner Studien für classische Philologie und Archaeologie. Berlin, Germany: Calvary.
- ISBN 978-90-04-17420-7.
- Diodorus Siculus (1935). Library of History. Loeb Classical Library 303. Cambridge, MA. Vol. II: Books 2.35-4.58. Translated by by C. H. Oldfather. Harvard University Press.
- Hard, Robin (2015). Constellation Myths: With Aratus's 'Phaenomena'. ISBN 978-0-19-871698-3.
- Hyginus, Astronomica from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940). Clarendon Press. Online version at Perseus.tufts project.
- Pausanias, Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pirenne-Delforge, Vinciane; Pironti, Gabriella (January 27, 2022). The Hera of Zeus. Cambridge, UK: ISBN 978-1-108-84103-0.
- Waller, William H. (October 31, 2017). The Milky Way: An Insider's Guide. New Jersey, United States: ISBN 978-0-691-17835-6.
External links
- Star Tales – Milky Way
Media related to Origin of the Milky Way at Wikimedia Commons
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