Milton S. Eisenhower
Milton S. Eisenhower | |
---|---|
8th and 10th President of Johns Hopkins University | |
In office 1971–1972 | |
Preceded by | Lincoln Gordon |
Succeeded by | Steven Muller |
In office 1956–1967 | |
Preceded by | Lowell Reed |
Succeeded by | Lincoln Gordon |
11th President of Pennsylvania State University | |
In office 1950–1956 | |
Preceded by | James Milholland (acting) |
Succeeded by | Eric A. Walker |
9th President of Kansas State University | |
In office 1943–1950 | |
Preceded by | Francis Farrell |
Succeeded by | James McCain |
Director of the War Relocation Authority | |
In office March 18, 1942 – June 18, 1942 | |
Preceded by | Position created |
Succeeded by | Dillon S. Myer |
Personal details | |
Born | Milton Stover Eisenhower September 15, 1899 Baltimore, Maryland , U.S. |
Spouse |
Helen Eakin
(m. 1927; died 1954) |
Children | Milton S. Eisenhower Jr. Ruth Eakin Eisenhower |
Relatives | Dwight D. Eisenhower (brother) |
Alma mater | Kansas State University (B.S.) |
Milton Stover Eisenhower (September 15, 1899 – May 2, 1985) was an American academic administrator. He served as president of three major American universities: Kansas State University, Pennsylvania State University, and Johns Hopkins University. He was the youngest brother of, and advisor to, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Early life and education
He was born as the seventh boy in
Career
After graduating from undergrad at Kansas State, Eisenhower was Assistant to the American Counsel in Dunfermline, Scotland from 1924 to 1926.[2]
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Eisenhower served as Director of Information for the
World War II
Early in 1942, he was appointed director of the
College administrator
In May 1943, Eisenhower became President of Kansas State University (his alma mater), a position he held until 1950.[6] During this time, he also served as the first Chairman of the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO. In this role, Eisenhower sought to also establish a UNESCO commissions for each state. He personally organized the first such commission, in Kansas.[7] He also sought to create more opportunity for African Americans at Kansas State, pushing for the racial integration of the Big Seven Conference (later Big Eight Conference) in 1949.[8]
Eisenhower was often referred to as "Doctor." However, he did not hold an earned doctoral degree; instead, he had received an honorary doctorate of humane letters from the University of Nebraska in 1949.[9] After leaving Kansas State University in 1950, Eisenhower served as president at two other universities: Pennsylvania State University from 1950 to 1956 and Johns Hopkins University from 1956 to 1967 and 1971 to 1972.
In July 1956, Milton Eisenhower assumed the presidency of Johns Hopkins University, succeeding
When Eisenhower retired in 1967, he was given the title president emeritus in recognition of his service. In March 1971, after Lincoln Gordon's abrupt resignation, the trustees asked Eisenhower to return until a permanent successor could be found. He reluctantly agreed to return, making it clear that the search for a permanent successor must begin immediately. His second administration, lasting ten months, required him to reduce a large deficit and slow the growth of the University's administration. His reputation for fairness helped greatly in that turbulent time, and, despite the budgetary problems, he was able to push forward with planning and design for a new student center. In January 1972, he was succeeded as president by Steven Muller, who (although hired by Lincoln Gordon) had served a ten-month "apprenticeship" under Eisenhower as vice president and provost. Eisenhower enjoyed a second active retirement until his death on May 2, 1985.[10]
Political career
In 1956 during the re-election campaign of his brother Dwight, Milton's influence over Latin American foreign policy became a campaign issue. Democrat nominee Adlai Stevenson II claimed that Milton exerted undue influence over Latin American policy with the State Department, a claim which was denied by John Foster Dulles.[11]
He served as a presidential adviser in the administrations of his brother
Following the Bay of Pigs in 1961, President Kennedy asked Eisenhower, Eleanor Roosevelt, and labor leader Walter Reuther to negotiate the release of captured Americans with Cuban leader Fidel Castro.[12]
In 1964 Milton Eisenhower was lightly considered and named by brother Dwight as a potential candidate for President, opposing the forces behind eventual nominee Barry Goldwater.[13]
In 1980, Eisenhower appeared on the ballot in
Personal life
On October 12, 1927, Eisenhower married Helen Elsie Eakin (1904–1954), with whom he had a son, Milton Stover Eisenhower, Jr. (1930-2002), and a daughter, Ruth Eakin Eisenhower (1938-1984).
While attending college at Kansas State University, Eisenhower was a member of the fraternities
Eisenhower died of cancer in Baltimore, Maryland, on May 2, 1985.
Legacy
- The Milton S. Eisenhower Library of Johns Hopkins University, opened in 1964 and containing 2.5 million volumes, is named after him. It has the unusual feature of being almost entirely underground (because of the slope of the site where it was built). The south wall is entirely windows.
- The primary research facility at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory was previously named the Milton S. Eisenhower Research Center (now the Research and Exploratory Development Department).
- The Milton S. Eisenhower Auditorium, a 2,595-seat center for the performing arts on the University Park campus of Penn State, opened in 1974. Eisenhower Chapel, on the same campus, is named for his wife, Helen Eakin Eisenhower.
- Eisenhower Hall, opened in 1951 on the Kansas State campus, is also named in his honor. It is home to the College of Arts and Sciences dean's office and the departments of History and Modern Languages. (Not to be confused with the Eisenhower Hall at West Point.)
The Milton S. Eisenhower Symposium is an acclaimed, student-organized lecture series founded in 1967 at Johns Hopkins University. All events take place on the Homewood campus in Shriver Hall and are free and open to the public.
Further reading
- Ambrose, Stephen E., and Richard H. Immerman, Milton S. Eisenhower, Educational Statesman. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983) 331 pp. ISBN 978-0801892677
- Virginia M. Quiring, Milton S Eisenhower Years at Kansas State University (Friends of the Libraries of Kansas State Univ., 1986) 120 pages ISBN 978-0961665807
References
- ^ The Morning Chronicle, 17 May 1927, Page 1, https://www.newspapers.com/image/423896472/?match=1&clipping_id=128254799
- ^ The Kansas Industrialist, Manhattan, Kansas, Feb 10, 1926, Page 3, https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-kansas-industrialist/128255313/
- ^ Manhattan Republic, 2 Jun 1927, Page 6
- ^ "Japanese Relocation" (FILM- original film viewable for free). The Internet Archive. U.S. Office of War Information. 1943. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
Neither the Army, nor the War Relocation Authority relish the idea of taking men, women and children from their homes, their shops and their farms. So, the military and civilian agencies alike, determined to do the job as a democracy should- with real consideration for the people involved.
- ^ a b Niiya, Brian. "Milton Eisenhower" Densho Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2014-08-26.
- ^ "University Archives: K.S.U. Presidents and First Ladies". Retrieved 2006-08-07.
- ^ Parker, Richard (Spring–Summer 2004). "A State Commission for UNESCO in Kansas, 1948" (PDF). Prospects & Retrospects. Americans for Unesco: 24–25. Retrieved 2009-01-19.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Baker, S Zebulon, "'To help foster athletic equality here in the Midwest': Defeating Jim Crow in the Big Seven Conference." Kansas History 39:2 (2016): 74–93. http://www.kshs.org/publicat/history/2016summer_baker.pdf
- ^ http://nebraska.edu/recognition-and-awards/honorary-degrees/alphabetical.html Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 8-19-09
- ^ Ambrose, Stephen E. and Richard H. Immerman, Milton S. Eisenhower: Educational Statesman (Baltimore, 1983)
- ProQuest 148756869.
- ^ "Bay of Pigs Chronology". nsarchive2.gwu.edu. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
- ProQuest 142259674.
- ^ Manhattan Republic, Manhattan, Kansas, Jun 5, 1924, Page 7, https://www.newspapers.com/article/manhattan-republic/128256163/
External links
- Papers of Milton S. Eisenhower, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library
- Dwight D. Eisenhower letter on Milton S. Eisenhower's resignation
- Memorandum, Milton. S. Eisenhower to Members of Congress, April 20, 1942; on War Relocation Authority
- Urban Legend regarding brother Dwight's induction as President of Columbia which was meant for Milton
- Japanese Relocation (Film) by U.S. Office of War Information, Publication date c. 1943
- Milton S. Eisenhower at Find a Grave