Mirza Ismail

Sir Mirza Muhammad Ismail Amin-ul-Mulq (24 October 1883 – 5 January 1959) was an Indian statesman and police officer who served as the

Sir C. P. Ramaswami Iyer considered him "one of the cleverest men in India". His longtime friend Sir C. V. Raman remarked, "His accessibility and personal charm coupled with his depth of knowledge and his keen sense of human and cultural values made him a great and highly successful administrator".^[2][1]

Early years

Mirza Ismail was born on 24 October 1883 in Bangalore to Aga Jan Mohammed Khazim Shirazie, the longest serving assistant district commissioner (ADC) in the Kingdom of Mysore, and was of Persian descent.

His family had longstanding relations with Mysore Palace. His grandfather Agha Aly Asker Shirazie supplied horses to the royal stables and trained the royal cavalry.

Ismail himself was close friends with Yuvaraja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV, later Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV. He and the young prince were inseparable from an early age. Both fine equestrians were studious, with big dreams for the kingdom–even before they would become classmates at the royal private palace school under Sir Stuart Fraser.

Ismail graduated from St Patrick's College, Bangalore in 1904. Soon after, he became Assistant Superintendent of Police, Mysore.^[3][4]

Premierships

Ismail became the private secretary to Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV; the king had great faith in his administrative acumen and abilities to implement them. It was at this time that the maharaja urged his prime minister Sir M. Visvesvaraya to mentor Ismail.

Diwan of Mysore

In 1926, at the recommendation of Sir M. Visvesvaraya, Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar appointed him

Bangalore Town Hall, commissioned by Yuvaraja Kanteerava Narasimharaja Wadiyar, was designed by Ismail. The first rural electrification programme in India were also implemented by him.^[3][4]

He was a superlative administrator and set an inspiring example to the officials by undertaking extensive tours and personally heeding to the grievances of the people. Over his fourteen years of service, the Kingdom of Mysore made substantial progress in the field of industries, both in the private and public sectors. The sugar factory at Shimoga and the Khadi Production Centre at Badanval were the other industries that were set up during his time. A trade commissioner was also appointed in London.^[3][4] Industries started during his period as Diwan include the Porcelain Factory and the Glass Factory in Bangalore; also established were paper, cement, steel, fertilisers, sugar and electric bulbs factories. Founded under his premiership were Vysya Bank, cement factory, the chemical and fertilisers factory, and sugar mills.

In general, he did not exhibit major religious biases, though it is not clear why he was instrumental in setting up a mosque in Bangalore: in 1940, at the height of religious strife in India, he laid the foundation stone of the

A major part of Ismail's administration was spent in suppressing various kinds of public disturbances. He had to do a great deal of tight-rope walking in the face of popular agitations conducted by the Indian National Congress.^[1][2] He had to maintain good relations with top Congress leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru on one hand with the maharaja's interests in his mind on the other; he did everything possible to suppress Congress movements in the state for fear of communal violence and unrest in Bangalore. It was this very fear which came to the fore over Sultanpet Ganapathi Disturbances in Bangalore in 1928, an upheaval that created the long-desired opportunity for Congress, finally gaining grounds in the illusive state of Mysore.^[3][4]

Following the death of Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV in 1940, he continued as Diwan to Maharaja Jayachamaraja Wadiyar. However, he resigned in 1941 over differences.^[1][2]

Round Table conferences

As the maharaja's diwan, Ismail represented the kingdom and attended all three Round Table Conferences from November 1930 to January 1931.

• 1st Round Table conference^[6]
• 2nd Round Table conference^{[7][8][9][10]}
• 3rd Round Table Conference^[11]

Prime minister of Jaipur

In 1941, he joined the

Soon after his arrival in Jaipur, in 1942, he constituted a committee on constitutional reforms. These efforts considerably enhanced Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II's reputation and his durbar in the Indian National Congress' circles. The main thoroughfare of Jaipur has been named Mirza Ismail Road in his memory.^[1][2]

In 1945, Muhammad Ali Jinnah had a fallout with Ismail when the latter refused to help build a greater Pakistan. Ismail entirely objected to the partitioning of India and there was nothing beyond a united India for him. Eventually, it came as no surprise when Jinnah heard that Ismail was considering moving to Hyderabad.

In 1946, he became

Ismail was appointed OBE in 1922 by the British Government for his services to India, and was appointed CIE in 1924. He was knighted in 1930 and was further appointed KCIE in 1936. In 1938, he was appointed Associate Commander of the Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem.^[1]

Places in honour

• Mirza Ismail Road, a Road in Jaipur, India
• Mirza Road, a Road in Mysore, India
• Sir Mirza Ismail Nagar, Bangalore

Books

Ismail penned his memoirs under the title My Public Life published in 1954 before his death on 5 January 1959 at his house Windsor Lodge, Bangalore.^[12]

Essays, lectures and interactions

• Mahatma Gandhi -Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (Page 143 onwards): "An Indian Statesman's Tribute" by Sir Mirza M. Ismail, KCIE (Dewan of Mysore; Bangalore, India)^[13]
• Indian Round Table Conference Proceedings^[14]
• The new India, 1948–1955: memoirs of an Indian civil servant By Asok Mitra^[15]
• Encyclopaedia of Higher Education: Convocation address By Suresh Kant Sharma (Pg 111-114) -Education and Unity for Economic Upliftment^[16]
• Sir Mirza M. Ismail: views and opinions on his retirement from the office of Dewan of Mysore.^[17]
• Studies on Dewan Sir Mirza Ismail: collection of seminar papers-Sūryanātha Kāmat^[18]
• Anecdotes of Quaid-i-Azam by Masud-ul-Hasan 1976^[19]
• International PEN Indian Writers in Council By K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar-Inaugural Address by Prime Minister, Sir Mirza Ismail^[20]

Ismail married Zeebundeh Begum Shirazi. She was a poet who publish ten volumes of religious nowhas (or hymns) called Baiz e Shakira. The couple had three children: a son, Humayun Mirza; and two daughters, Shah Taj Begum Khaleeli and Gauhar Taj Begum Namazie.

Ismail inspired many in the family to live a life in the service of the country. His son Humayun Mirza who would become Diwan of Banganpalli. Post-independence, he would serve as a diplomat for a short stint before being transferred back to Delhi. He became a key advisor for the layout and administrative systems of the Ministry of External Affairs, which earned him a Padma Shri.

Ismail's grandson from Shah Taj Begum,

Ismail's granddaughter from Gauhar Taj Namazie, Shakereh, was murdered in 1991. The murderer was convicted with life imprisonment.

His great-grandson Fouaad Mirza is an Indian Olympic equestrian.

Death

Ismail died on 5 January 1959 at his residence in Bangalore.

C. V. Raman paid eloquent tributes to Ismail: "For many years, in fair weather as well as in foul, he remained the truest of friend to me, ever ready to give support and advice. He leaves behind him a memory which will be treasured and cherished by all who have known him."^[1][2]

See also

• Dancing on the Grave

Further reading

• Amin-ul-Mulq Sir Mirza Ismail Saheb by D. V. Gundappa (in Volume 4 of ಜ್ಞಾಪಕಚಿತ್ರಶಾಲೆ - ಮೈಸೂರಿನ ದಿವಾನರು)
• The Regime of Sir Mirza Ismail (1998) by S. R. Ramaswamy
• Picturesque Mysore (1939) by
  Sir Mirza Ismail

References