Mississippi County, Missouri
Mississippi County | |
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UTC−5 (CDT) | |
Congressional district | 8th |
Website | Mississippi County, Missouri |
Mississippi County is a county located in the Bootheel of the U.S. state of Missouri, with its eastern border formed by the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,577.[1] The largest city and county seat is Charleston.[2] The county was officially organized on February 14, 1845, and was named after the Mississippi River.[3]
History
Mississippi County is located in what was formerly known as "Tywappity Bottom," a vast floodplain area bordered by the Scott County Hills on the north, St. James Bayou on the south, the Mississippi River on the east, and Little River on the west.
In 1540, the Spanish explorer
By 1820 American pioneers, many migrating from the southern states, had settled most of the present counties of southeastern Missouri. The settlers were primarily farmers who came from
The first American settlers reached what became Charleston in 1830. Seven years later, Thankful Randol sold Joseph Moore 22½ acres of land. Moore used it to lay out a plan for the city of Charleston. Its original boundary was 12 blocks square - four north and south, and three east and west. The Original Plat was filed on May 20, 1837. The General Assembly passed an act to incorporate the city of Charleston on March 25, 1872.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, violence increased against black Americans as the state disfranchised minority voters and enforce the Jim Crow segregation laws. Four African Americans were lynched in Mississippi County, the second-highest number in the state and tied with Callaway County.[4] Three of these murders took place in the county seat of Charleston. The fourth man was killed in Belmont, Missouri in 1905. Sam Fields and Robert Coleman were lynched in Charleston on July 3, 1910, allegedly for committing murder and robbery. The joint lynching was witnessed by a crowd of about 1,000.[5] Roosevelt Grigsby was lynched in Charleston in December 1924 by a mob of 200, who accused him of attempting to rape a woman.[5][6]
At the turn of the 20th century, the virgin forests attracted timber barons. Following the clearing of the timber, the state assisted in the construction of
Geography
According to the
Adjacent counties
- Alexander County, Illinois (north)
- Ballard County, Kentucky (northeast across the Mississippi River)
- Carlisle County, Kentucky (east across the river)
- Hickman County, Kentucky (southeast across the river)
- Fulton County, Kentucky (south across the river)
- New Madrid County (southwest)
- Scott County (northwest)
Mississippi County has borders across the river with four Kentucky counties, but it has no direct highway connection between any of them due to the mile-wide barrier of the river in this area. None of the four Kentucky counties that border Missouri has any direct highway connection with Missouri. Kentucky and Missouri are the only two U.S. states to border each other, even across a major river, without a direct highway connection between them. This reflects the relatively low populations among the river counties on both sides, which are largely rural in character. In early 2016, Mississippi County was declared as the poorest county in Missouri.[8]
Major highways
- Interstate 57
- U.S. Route 60
- U.S. Route 62
- Route 75
- Route 77
- Route 80
- Route 102
- Route 105
Demographics
The rural county was at its peak of population in 1940. With changes in agriculture and mechanization requiring fewer workers, the number of jobs have declined, as has county population.
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1850 | 3,123 | — | |
1860 | 4,859 | 55.6% | |
1870 | 4,982 | 2.5% | |
1880 | 9,270 | 86.1% | |
1890 | 10,134 | 9.3% | |
1900 | 11,837 | 16.8% | |
1910 | 14,557 | 23.0% | |
1920 | 12,860 | −11.7% | |
1930 | 15,762 | 22.6% | |
1940 | 23,149 | 46.9% | |
1950 | 22,551 | −2.6% | |
1960 | 20,695 | −8.2% | |
1970 | 16,647 | −19.6% | |
1980 | 15,726 | −5.5% | |
1990 | 14,442 | −8.2% | |
2000 | 13,427 | −7.0% | |
2010 | 14,358 | 6.9% | |
2020 | 12,577 | −12.4% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[9] 1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11] 1990-2000[12] 2010-2015[13] |
As of the
There were 5,383 households, out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.70% were married couples living together, 17.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.80% were non-families. 28.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.30% under the age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 25.40% from 25 to 44, 23.60% from 45 to 64, and 15.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 87.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.70 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $28,837, and the median income for a family was $35,554. Males had a median income of $26,110 versus $17,204 for females. The
Religion
According to the Association of Religion Data Archives County Membership Report (2000), Mississippi County is a part of the Bible Belt with evangelical Protestantism being the majority religion. The most predominant denominations among residents in Mississippi County who adhere to a religion are Southern Baptists (53.88%), Methodists (13.70%), and Christian Churches and Churches of Christ (7.55%).
2020 Census
Race | Num. | Perc. |
---|---|---|
White (NH)
|
8,814 | 70% |
Black or African American (NH)
|
3,060 | 24.33% |
Native American (NH)
|
33 | 0.26% |
Asian (NH)
|
20 | 0.16% |
Pacific Islander (NH)
|
0 | 0% |
Other/Mixed (NH)
|
427 | 3.4% |
Latino
|
223 | 1.8% |
Education
Of adults 25 years of age and older in Mississippi County, 61.1% possess a
Public schools
- Charleston R-I School District[16] - Charleston
- Warren E. Hearnes Elementary School (PK-05)
- Charleston Middle School (06-08)
- Charleston High School (09-12)
- East Prairie R-II School District[17] - East Prairie
- East Prairie Elementary School (PK-04)
- East Prairie Middle School (05-08)
- East Prairie High School (09-12)
- Scott County R-IV School District[18] - Benton
- Kelly Elementary School (K-05)
- Kelly Middle School (06-08)
- Thomas W. Kelly High School (09-12)
Private schools
- St. Henry's SchoolRoman Catholic
Public libraries
- Mississippi County Library District[20]
Communities
Cities and villages
- Anniston
- Bertrand
- Charleston (seat)
- East Prairie
- Miner (mostly in Scott County)
- Pinhook
- Wilson City
- Wyatt
Unincorporated communities
Politics
Mississippi County, Missouri | |||
---|---|---|---|
Elected countywide officials | |||
Assessor | Lisa Finley-Norton | Republican | |
Circuit Clerk | Christina Turner | Republican | |
County Clerk | Emily Pullen | Republican | |
Collector | Cyndi Hensley | Republican | |
Commissioner (Presiding) | James Conn | Republican | |
Commissioner (District 1) | Mitch Pullen | Republican | |
Commissioner (District 2) | Darrell Jones | Republican | |
Coroner | Terry A. Parker | Democratic | |
Prosecuting Attorney | Claire Poley | Republican | |
Public Administrator | Melissa Fisher Davis | Republican | |
Recorder | George Bays | Democratic | |
Sheriff | Britton Ferrell | Republican | |
Treasurer | Paul Moore | Republican |
State
Mississippi County is split in half by two different districts of the
All of Mississippi County is a part of Missouri's 25th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by State Senator Jason Bean[22](R).
Federal
Mississippi County is included in
.Political culture
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 3,537 | 74.37% | 1,178 | 24.77% | 41 | 0.86% |
2016 | 3,600 | 69.65% | 1,458 | 28.21% | 111 | 2.15% |
2012 | 2,997 | 60.91% | 1,858 | 37.76% | 65 | 1.32% |
2008 | 3,034 | 56.65% | 2,247 | 41.95% | 75 | 1.40% |
2004 | 2,903 | 54.79% | 2,374 | 44.81% | 21 | 0.40% |
2000 | 2,395 | 45.93% | 2,756 | 52.85% | 64 | 1.23% |
1996 | 1,595 | 30.39% | 3,235 | 61.63% | 419 | 7.98% |
1992 | 1,675 | 29.45% | 3,226 | 56.73% | 786 | 13.82% |
1988 | 2,218 | 43.99% | 2,814 | 55.81% | 10 | 0.20% |
1984 | 2,502 | 49.78% | 2,524 | 50.22% | 0 | 0.00% |
1980 | 2,459 | 44.08% | 3,040 | 54.49% | 80 | 1.43% |
1976 | 1,733 | 33.87% | 3,366 | 65.79% | 17 | 0.33% |
1972 | 2,727 | 64.97% | 1,470 | 35.03% | 0 | 0.00% |
1968 | 1,421 | 26.82% | 2,303 | 43.46% | 1,575 | 29.72% |
1964 | 1,665 | 29.31% | 4,015 | 70.69% | 0 | 0.00% |
1960 | 2,629 | 40.55% | 3,855 | 59.45% | 0 | 0.00% |
1956 | 2,111 | 36.62% | 3,653 | 63.38% | 0 | 0.00% |
1952 | 2,380 | 35.36% | 4,331 | 64.35% | 19 | 0.28% |
1948 | 1,293 | 21.86% | 4,592 | 77.63% | 30 | 0.51% |
1944 | 1,944 | 31.59% | 4,182 | 67.97% | 27 | 0.44% |
1940 | 3,073 | 41.18% | 4,362 | 58.46% | 27 | 0.36% |
1936 | 2,552 | 37.88% | 4,160 | 61.75% | 25 | 0.37% |
1932 | 1,687 | 34.73% | 3,136 | 64.55% | 35 | 0.72% |
1928 | 1,999 | 43.37% | 2,602 | 56.45% | 8 | 0.17% |
1924 | 1,797 | 41.69% | 2,360 | 54.76% | 153 | 3.55% |
1920 | 2,193 | 46.87% | 2,442 | 52.19% | 44 | 0.94% |
1916 | 1,330 | 40.76% | 1,874 | 57.43% | 59 | 1.81% |
1912 | 1,050 | 39.49% | 1,388 | 52.20% | 221 | 8.31% |
1908 | 1,320 | 44.75% | 1,589 | 53.86% | 41 | 1.39% |
1904 | 1,161 | 47.41% | 1,229 | 50.18% | 59 | 2.41% |
1900 | 1,020 | 42.03% | 1,384 | 57.03% | 23 | 0.95% |
1896 | 1,074 | 39.01% | 1,673 | 60.77% | 6 | 0.22% |
1892 | 734 | 35.70% | 1,240 | 60.31% | 82 | 3.99% |
1888 | 787 | 36.97% | 1,312 | 61.63% | 30 | 1.41% |
At the presidential level, Mississippi County was a solidly Democratic county from its founding in 1845 through 2000, breaking with the Democratic Party only to vote for Constitutional Unionist John Bell in 1860 and Richard Nixon in his 1972 landslide within this period.[25] In 2004, George W. Bush became only the second Republican ever to carry the county, despite his narrow national popular vote win, and in 2008, John McCain carried it again, by a larger margin, despite his convincing national defeat. As of 2020, the county has voted Republican for five straight elections, with an increased vote share every time; the Republican vote share has not gone below 60% since 2008.
Voters in Mississippi County generally adhere to socially and culturally
Despite Mississippi County's longstanding tradition of supporting socially conservative platforms, voters in the county have a penchant for advancing populist causes such as increasing the minimum wage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a proposition (Proposition B) to increase the minimum wage in the state to $6.50 an hour—it passed Mississippi County with 75.66 percent of the vote. The proposition strongly passed every single county in Missouri, with 75.94 percent voting in favor as the minimum wage was increased to $6.50 an hour in the state.
Missouri presidential preference primary (2008)
During the 2008 presidential primary, voters in Mississippi County from both political parties supported candidates who finished in second place in the state at large and nationally. Former
See also
References
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ Eaton, David Wolfe (1916). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. The State Historical Society of Missouri. pp. 330.
- ^ Lynching in America/ Supplement: Lynchings by County, 3rd edition Archived 2017-10-23 at the Wayback Machine, Montgomery, Alabama: Equal Justice Initiative, 2015, p. 7
- ^ a b Map of White Supremacy mob violence, 1835 - 1964, Monroe Work Today
- ^ Danny Lewis, "This Map Shows Over a Century of Documented Lynchings in the United States", Smithsonian Magazine, 27 January 2017; accessed 12 April 2018
- ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "The Poorest County in Every State".
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
- ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Mississippi County, Missouri".
- ^ "Charleston School District". Charleston School District.
- ^ "East Prairie R-2 School District".
- ^ "Scott County R-IV School District".
- ^ Timothy Rolwing. "St. Henry Catholic Church, Charleston, Missouri, Welcomes You!".
- ^ Breeding, Marshall. "Mississippi County Library District". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
- ^ a b "Missouri House of Representative - Members". house.mo.gov. Retrieved September 15, 2019.
- ^ "Senator Doug Libla – Missouri Senate". www.senate.mo.gov. Retrieved September 15, 2019.
- ^ "Legislative Branch". MO.gov. Retrieved September 15, 2019.
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
- ^ "County winners, 1836-2016". Google Docs. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
External links
- Digitized 1930 Plat Book of Mississippi County Archived 2011-08-16 at the Wayback Machine from University of Missouri Division of Special Collections, Archives, and Rare Books
- The American Cyclopædia. 1879. .