Moga district
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Moga district | |
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Moga district is one of the twenty-two districts in the state of
Moga town is the headquarters of the district, is situated on Ferozpur-Moga-Ludhiana road. Takhtupura Sahib is one of the well-known villages in this district. Takhtupura Sahib is a historical village. Moga is well for its
. Bus services and Railway services are well connected with some major cities like Ludhiana, Chandigarh, and Delhi.Etymology
The name of Moga may be ultimately derived from the Indo-Scythian king, Maues, who invaded and ruled the area in the 1st century BCE after conquering the Indo-Greek polities of the region.[3]
History
Ancient Era
Structures and sites dating before the reign of the Mughal emperor Akbar are exceedingly rare due to the changing course of the Sutlej river throughout the centuries. As a result, very few sites dating back to antiquity have been uncovered in the local area of Moga. This effect is more pronounced in the western parts of the district.
The location of ancient villages and towns can be inferred to the present of mounds of earth, brick, and pottery that have been excavated called thehs. These mounds are evidence that the banks of the river were inhabited in ancient times. A number of coins have been discovered at the site of these mounds.[4]
Indus Valley Civilization
Sites identified as belonging to the Indus Valley Civilization have been discovered in the area. Scholars have linked these finds to other sites uncovered in the Rupnagar area of Punjab.[4][5][6]
Vedic Period
The composition of the Rigveda is proposed to have occurred in the Punjab circa 1500 and 1200 BCE.[7]
Post-Vedic Period (After 600 BCE)
The region of Moga belongs to the
The decline of the Mauryan dynasty coincided with an invasion of Bactrian Greeks, whom successfully took control of the region in the second century BCE. This seizure of power in the Punjab by the Bactrians led to the migration of the Malavas from the area to Rajasthan, and from there to the now-called Malwa plateau of Central India.
Medieval Era
The area is believed to have been under the writ of the Punwar clan of Rajputs during the early-mediaeval period.[10] They were headquartered in Janer, at the old riverbed location of the Sutlej river, over six kilometres north of the present-day city of Moga. Later on, the Bhati clan of Rajputs, originating from Jaisalmer, established themselves in the area, superseding the previous Punwars for authority of the region.
During the
Most of the Jat tribes of the local area were converted to Sikhism by the missionary works of the seventh Guru of the Sikhs, Har Rai.
At Dagru village in Moga district, it is believed Guru Har Rai stayed there for some time whilst on a tour of the Malwa region.[16] Gurdwara Tambu Sahib was later constructed to commemorate his stay in the area.[16]
According to Sikh tradition, the village of Dina located near the district's border with the neighbouring Bathinda district is where Guru Gobind Singh rested for a few days after the Second Battle of Chamkaur.[17] Furthermore, it is said he wrote and dispatched the Zafarnama letter to Aurangzeb from here.[17] Scholar Louis E. Fenech states the Guru rested at Dina at the house (specifically an upper story room called a chubārā) of a local Sikh named Bhai Desu Tarkhan after sending the Zafarnama from Kangar village, entrusted in the hands of Bhai Dharam Singh and Bhai Daya Singh.[18] A gurdwara, Zafarnama Gurdwara Lohgarh Sahib Pind Dina Patishahi Dasvin, commemorates his stay at Dina, Moga, and a sign there claims the Guru stayed at the location for 3 months and 13 days.[18] Harbans Singh in The Encyclopedia of Sikhism states the Guru only stayed at Dina for a few days conversely to the claims of the Gurdwara.[17] He further states that he stayed with two local Sikhs named Chaudhry Shamir and Lakhmir, the grandsons of a local cheiftain named Rai Jodh, whom had served the sixth Sikh guru, Hargobind, and fought and died at the Battle of Mehraj.[17] Guru Gobind Singh gathered an army of hundreds of locals from Dina and the surrounding area and continued on his journey.[17]
In 1715 CE, Nawab Ise Khan, the Manj governor, stirred a rebellion against the Mughal hegemony but was defeated and killed. In 1760 CE, the ascendency of Sikh power became grounded after the defeat of Adina Beg, who was the last Mughal governor of Lahore.
Modern Era
Sikh Period
The
British Period
During the
During the Mutiny of 1857, there were reports of a Roman Catholic church being burnt down amongst other buildings of the colonial establishment in Firozepur district during sparks of tension.[25]
During the late 19th century, the Kuka movement was prevalent in the areas of Moga, with many of its followers drawing from the laypersons of the district.[26][27] The Kukas are believed to be one of the first resistance movement of the subcontinent towards Indian independence from European powers.[28]
During the Indian Independence Movement, many revolutionaries came from Moga district. Many of them were tried and executed as a result of their activities against the colonial government.[29]
Post-independence
An event called the All-India Workers' Conference was held in
Creation of district
Originally, Moga used to be part of the
Towns
The towns of Bagha Purana, Badhni Kalan, Dharamkot, Kot Ise Khan, Nihal Singh Wala and Ghal Kalan fall in Moga District. The villages like Rattian Khosa Randhir, Dhalleke, Thathi Bhai, Rajiana, Dunne Ke, Landhe Ke, Samadh Bhai, Kotla Rai-ka, Bhekha, Bughipura, Daudhar, Dhudike, Lopon, Himmatpura, Manooke, and Chugawan also fall within this district.
Bagha Purana lies on the main road connecting Moga and Faridkot and thus is a major hub for buses to all across Punjab. Bagha Purana's police station has the largest jurisdiction in Punjab; over 65 'pinds' or villages are within its control. The town is basically divided into 3 'pattis' or sections: Muglu Patti (the biggest one), Bagha Patti, and Purana Patti. The town has its fair share of rich people and thus the standard of living is above average as compared to the surrounding towns and villages.
Dharamkot is a city and a municipal council in the Moga district. Daudhar is the largest village in Moga.
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1951 | 379,181 | — |
1961 | 443,135 | +1.57% |
1971 | 536,623 | +1.93% |
1981 | 655,873 | +2.03% |
1991 | 777,894 | +1.72% |
2001 | 894,793 | +1.41% |
2011 | 995,746 | +1.07% |
source:[41] |
According to the
Gender
The table below shows the sex ratio of Moga district through decades.
Census year | Ratio |
---|---|
2011 | 893 |
2001 | 887 |
1991 | 884 |
1981 | 881 |
1971 | 866 |
1961 | 862 |
1951 | 867 |
The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Moga district.
Year | Urban | Rural |
---|---|---|
2011 | 853 | 863 |
2001 | 802 | 822 |
Languages
At the time of the 2011 census, 96.21% of the population spoke Punjabi and 3.21% Hindi as their first language.[47]
Religions
The district have the second highest percentage of Sikhs by district in Punjab, after Taran Taran (according to 2001 census).
The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Moga district.[49]
Religion | Urban (2011) | Rural (2011) | Urban (2001) | Rural (2001) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sikh | 1,20,975 | 6,97,946 | 98,934 | 6,68,835 |
Hindu | 1,00,170 | 58,244 | 76,916 | 40,870 |
Muslim | 1,874 | 7,514 | 968 | 5,028 |
Christian | 1,844 | 1,433 | 1,501 | 1,063 |
Other religions | 2,383 | 3,363 | 321 | 420 |
Politics
No. | Constituency | Name of MLA | Party | Bench | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
71 | Nihal Singh Wala (SC) | Manjit Singh Bilaspur | Aam Aadmi Party | Government | |
72 | Bhagha Purana | Amritpal Singh Sukhanand | Aam Aadmi Party | Government | |
73 | Moga | Dr. Amandeep Kaur Arora
|
Aam Aadmi Party | Government | |
74 | Dharamkot | Devinder Singh Laddi Dhos
|
Aam Aadmi Party | Government |
Education
Moga city is also known for a number of educational institutes such as Engineering Colleges, Schools, etc.[citation needed]
Notable schools and colleges of Moga include:
Environment
Flora
The district currently has a low amount of its area under forest cover, partly due to past deforestation during the Green Revolution,[50] but afforestation and reforestation drives have led to the planting of saplings in the district.[51] 9 million tree saplings are planned to be planted in the district before 2026 by NITI Aayog to meet the demands of a World Economic Forum initiative, with hopes of increasing Moga district's percentage of land under forest cover from the current 1.25% (2,575 hectares) to over 5% (11, 575 hectares).[51] In September 2021, a garden, named 'Guru Granth Sahib Bagh', was set-up in the historical village of Patto Hira Singh in the district. The garden is notable as it contains flora species mentioned in the Guru Granth Sahib, the primary Sikh canonical scripture and is intended on highlighting the connection between the Sikh Gurus and the natural world.[52]
Health
The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Moga, as of year 2020.
Indicators | Number of children (<5 years) | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Stunted | 16,207 | 22% |
Wasted | 8,818 | 12% |
Severely wasted | 2,245 | 3% |
Underweight | 12,365 | 17% |
Overweight/obesity | 3,606 | 5% |
Anemia | 46,467 | 70% |
Total children | 73,602 |
The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Moga of women between the ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020.
Indicators | Number of women (15–49 years) | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2) | 41,329 | 13% |
Overweight/obesity | 101,378 | 33% |
Hypertension | 95,952 | 31% |
Diabetes | 45,699 | 15% |
Anemia (non-preg) | 168,240 | 55% |
Total women (preg) | 15,808 | |
Total women | 307,737 |
List of DC
# | Name | Assumed office | Left office | Tenure |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Phulwant Singh Sidhu | 5 December 1995 | 4 December 1996 | 365 days |
2 | Cap. Narinder Singh | 4 December 1996 | 18 February 1997 | 76 days |
3 | R venkatraman | 18 February 1997 | 28 April 1998 | 1 year, 69 days |
4 | K.S. Kang | 28 April 1998 | 3 June 1999 | 1 year, 36 days |
5 | K.B.S Sidhu | 3 June 1999 | 4 March 2002 | 2 years, 274 days |
6 | G. Raman Kumar | 4 March 2002 | 25 July 2004 | 2 years, 143 days |
7 | Mandeep Singh | 26 July 2004 | 6 April 2006 | 1 year, 254 days |
8 | V.K. Meena | 7 April 2006 | 9 October 2006 | 185 days |
9 | Arvinder Singh | 9 October 2006 | 23 December 2006 | 75 days |
10 | S.K. Sharma | 23 December 2006 | 12 March 2007 | 365 days |
11 | Arvinder Singh | 12 March 2007 | 6 November 2007 | 239 days |
12 | Satwant Singh | 7 November 2007 | 11 August 2010 | 2 years, 277 days |
13 | Vijay N. Zade | 11 August 2010 | 28 July 2011 | 351 days |
14 | Ashok Kumar Singla | 28 July 2011 | 28 December 2011 | 153 days |
15 | B. Purushertha | 28 December 2011 | 3 April 2012 | 97 days |
16 | Arshdeep Singh Thind | 3 April 2012 | 30 May 2014 | 2 years, 57 days |
17 | Parminder Singh Gill | 2 June 2014 | 5 January 2016 | 1 year, 217 days |
18 | Kuldeep Singh Vaid | 3 February 2016 | 30 November 2016 | 301 days |
19 | Parminder Singh Gill | 9 December 2016 | 5 January 2017 | 27 days |
20 | Parveen Kumar Thind | 6 January 2017 | 15 May 2017 | 129 days |
21 | Dilraj Singh | 16 May 2017 | 29 August 2018 | 1 year, 105 days |
22 | Devinderpal Singh Kharbanda | 29 August 2018 | 2 October 2018 | 34 days |
23 | Sandeep Hans | 3 October 2018 | 5 October 2021 | 3 years, 2 days |
24 | Dr. Harish Nayar | 5 October 2021 | 1 April 2022 | 178 days |
25 | Kulwant Singh | 3 April 2022 | Till Date | 2 years, 21 days |
source: List of Deputy Commissioners
Notable people
- Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, 14th head of the Sikh institution Damdami Taksal from village Rode
- Raj Brar, an Indian singer.
- Gurjant Singh Budhsinghwala, militant leader of the Khalistan Liberation Force which sought the freedom of Punjab through the use of arms
- plant breeder and Vice-Chancellor of the Punjab Agricultural University, and receiver of Padma Bhushanaward
- Chief Minister of Punjabfrom village Chuhar Chak
- Jaswant Singh Kanwal, Sahitya academic fellowship for the book 'Pakhi' 1996 and Sahitya Akademi award for 'Taushali Di Hanso' 1998. He was from Dhudike vill.
- fiber optics
- Harmanpreet Kaur, batter in the Indian Women's National Cricket Team and Captain of the T20 Indian Women's National Cricket Team
- Roshan Prince, actor and Singer
- Lala Lajpat Rai, an Indian freedom fighter from Village Dhudhike
- Baldev Singh, author, winner of the Sahitya Akademi Award
- Gurinder Singh, Fifth and Present Chief of Radha Soami Satsang Beas
- Joginder Singh, was an Indian Army soldier, and recipient of the Param Vir Chakra.
- Tota Singh former Punjab Education Minister and former Agriculture Minister
- Sonu Sood, Indian film actor
- Asian gamesgold medalist
See also
References
- ^ "United Nations HDI report - Punjab". in.undp.org. 9 March 2012. Archived from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
- ^ a b c "Section 2: Different Districts of Punjab – Moga District". Discover Punjab: Attractions of Punjab. Parminder Singh Grover Moga, Davinderjit Singh, Bhupinder Singh. Ludhiana, Punjab, India: Golden Point Pvt Ltd. 2011.
Moga district is one of the nineteen districts in the state of Punjab in North West Republic of India. It became the 17th district of Punjab State on 24 November 1995. It is also known as NRI district. Most Punjabi Non-resident Indians (NRIs) belong to rural areas of Moga District, who immigrated to the USA, the UK and Canada in the last 30-40 years. 40-45% of the population of NRIs from Canada, the US and the UK belong to Moga district. Moga District is among the largest producers of wheat and rice in Punjab, India. People from Moga City and Moga District belong to the Malwa culture. Numerous attempts were previously made to make Moga a district but all were unsuccessful. Finally the then Chief Minister of Punjab S. Harcharan Singh Brar agreed to the public demand to make this a district on 24 November 1995. Before this, Moga was the subdivision of Faridkot district. Moga town, the headquarters of the district, is situated on Ferozpur-Ludhiana road.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - ISBN 978-0-87586-860-8.
- ^ a b c d "Punjab District Gazetteers - Chapter II History". yumpu.com. Department of Revenue, Government of Punjab. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
- )
- ^ "History | District Faridkot,Governmnet of Punjab | India". Retrieved 16 August 2022.
- OCLC 50516193.
- ^ a b Prakash, Buddha (1966). Glimpses of Ancient Panjab. Punjabi University, Department of Punjab Historical Studies.
- ^ Prakash, Buddha (1964). Political and Social Movements in Ancient Panjab (from the Vedic Age Upto [sic] the Maurya Period). M. Banarsidass.
- ISBN 978-1-333-58993-6.
- OCLC 61303480.
- OCLC 820853396.)
Hiuen Tsang gave the following account of a numerous pastoral-nomadic population in seventh-century Sin-ti (Sind): 'By the side of the river..[of Sind], along the flat marshy lowlands for some thousand li, there are several hundreds of thousands [a very great many] families ..[which] give themselves exclusively to tending cattle and from this derive their livelihood. They have no masters, and whether men or women, have neither rich nor poor.' While they were left unnamed by the Chinese pilgrim, these same people of lower Sind were called Jats' or 'Jats of the wastes' by the Arab geographers. The Jats, as 'dromedary men.' were one of the chief pastoral-nomadic divisions at that time, with numerous subdivisions, ....
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link - ISBN 978-90-04-13561-1.
In Sind, the breeding and grazing of sheep and buffaloes was the regular occupations of pastoral nomads in the lower country of the south, while the breeding of goats and camels was the dominant activity in the regions immediately to the east of the Kirthar range and between Multan and Mansura. The jats were one of the chief pastoral-nomadic divisions here in early-medieval times, and although some of these migrated as far as Iraq, they generally did not move over very long distances on a regular basis. Many jats migrated to the north, into the Panjab, and here, between the eleventh and sixteenth centuries, the once largely pastoral-nomadic Jat population was transformed into sedentary peasants. Some Jats continued to live in the thinly populated barr country between the five rivers of the Panjab, adopting a kind of transhumance, based on the herding of goats and camels. It seems that what happened to the jats is paradigmatic of most other pastoral and pastoral-nomadic populations in India in the sense that they became ever more closed in by an expanding sedentary-agricultural realm.
- ^ Dalal, Sukhvir Singh (April 2013). "Jat Jyoti". Jat Jyoti. Jat Biographical Centre B-49, First Floor, Church Road, Joshi Colony, I. P. Extension Delhi 110092: Jat Biographical Centre: 7.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ a b Dhillon, Dalbir Singh (1988). Sikhism: Origin and Development. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors Pvt Limited. p. 122.
- ^ ISBN 9788170103011.
1. Tambu Sahib, Dagru: It is situated in village Dagru near Moga and is dedicated to Guru Har Rai who encamped here in the course of his journey through the Malwa region.
- ^ a b c d e Singh, Harbans. The Encyclopedia of Sikhism. Vol. I: A-D. Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 484–485.
- ^ ISBN 9780199931439.
- ISBN 9788186769126.
- ^ Singh, Bhagat (1993). A History of the Sikh Misals. Publication Bureau, Punjabi University. pp. 259–261.
- ISBN 9788121501651.
- ^ ISBN 9788172052171.
Tara Singh Ghaiba, a prominent leader of the Dallewalia Misl, extended his conquests as far as Ramuwala and Mari in the Moga tahsil at both of which places he built forts.
- ISBN 9788121505154.
- ISBN 9788121505154.
- ^ Punjab Government Records, Mutiny Reports. Vol. VIII. pp. Pt.I, pp. 47–57, pt.II, pp. 208–210, 331.
- ^ "Kukas. The Freedom Fighters of the Panjab. by Ahluwalia, M.M.: (1965) | John Randall (Books of Asia), ABA, ILAB". www.abebooks.com. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
- S2CID 162232527.
- ^ "Ram Singh | Indian philosopher | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
- ASIN B000S04SYG.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link - ^ Documents of the Ninth Congress of the Communist Party of India. Communist Party publication. Vol. 9. Congress of the Communist Party of India. 1971. pp. 157, 306, 310.
- OCLC 30511796.
- ^ Party Life. Vol. 23. Communist Party of India. 1987. p. 15.
The Faridkot jatha toured the Moga sub - division for four days and went through some of the worst disturbed areas
- ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- OCLC 28372585.
- OCLC 38602806.
- ^ ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ "Farmers' agitation: 150 held in Moga". Hindustan Times. 10 March 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ "Farmers' agitation: Back from Tikri border, Moga man dies of illness". The Tribune, India. Tribune News Service. 13 April 2021.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Ramakrishnan, Venkitesh (30 December 2020). "Farmers in Punjab stand in for those involved in the Delhi agitation by fulfilling their farming roles". Frontline - The Hindu (frontline.thehindu.com). Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ Sharma, B.R. (1983). "Preface". Punjab District Gazetteers - Firozpur District. Revenue Department of Punjab.
- ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
- ^ a b c d e f "District Census Hand Book – Moga" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
Fiji 883,125 July 2011 est.
- ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
Montana 989,415
- ^ "District-wise Decadal Sex ratio in Punjab". Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India. 21 January 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ https://punjab.data.gov.in/catalog/district-wise-rural-and-urban-child-population-0-6-years-and-their-sex-ratio-punjab
- ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ a b "Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India - All Religions". data.gov.in. 21 January 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
- ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
- ^ a b Singh, Harmandeep (9 June 2021). "Forest cover in Punjab's Moga to go up to 5% in 5 years". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
- ^ Sandhu, Kulwinder (23 September 2021). "Garden with trees mentioned in Guru Granth Sahib opened in Moga". The Tribune (India).
- ^ a b https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Moga-Punjab.pdf