Monarchism in the United States

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Monarchism in the United States is the advocacy of a monarchical form of government in the United States of America. During the American Revolution a significant element of the population remained loyal to the British crown. However, aside from a few considerations in the 1780s, since independence there has not been any serious movement for an American monarchy.

Revolutionary period

The Flag of British America. Used by the Thirteen American Colonies under British rule.

During the

George III of the United Kingdom being the last monarch.[2][3]

Confederation period

In the 1780s, in the period between the American Revolution and the ratification of the

United States Constitution
, several propositions for creating an independent monarchy were considered.

George Washington

On May 22, 1782, the Newburgh letter was sent to George Washington who was camped at Newburgh, New York; written for the army officers by Colonel Lewis Nicola, it proposed that Washington should become the King of the United States.[4] Washington reacted very strongly against the suggestion, and was greatly troubled by it, turning it down in favor of a republican government.[5][6][note 1]

Prussian Scheme

Prince Henry of Prussia

In 1786, the

Philadelphia Convention, or some combination thereof.[citation needed
]

Constitutional Convention of 1787

Constitutional Convention of 1787 that the President of the United States should be an elective monarch, ruling for "good behavior" (i.e., for life, unless impeached) and with extensive powers. Hamilton believed that elective monarchs had sufficient power domestically to resist foreign corruption, yet there was enough domestic control over their behavior to prevent tyranny at home.[12] Hamilton argued, "And let me observe that an executive is less dangerous to the liberties of the people when in office during life than for seven years. It may be said this constitutes as an elective monarchy... But by making the executive subject to impeachment, the term 'monarchy' cannot apply..."[13]
His proposal was resoundingly voted down in favor of a four-year term with the possibility of reelection.

In his later defense of

the Constitution in The Federalist Papers, he often hints that a lifetime executive might be better, even as he praises the system with the four-year term. Political scientist Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn wrote that Hamilton "regretted that the United States could not become a monarchy."[14]

Modern monarchism

Since the ratification of the constitution, support for monarchy has possessed a generally low popularity, though it has increased slightly over time. In 1950, 3% of Americans said it would be a good idea for America to possess a royal family, while 93% thought it would be bad. This question was re-asked in 1999, where 11% of Americans answered that in favor of a royal family would be good for the United States & 87% against.

African-Americans were most likely to answer positively in favor of a monarchy at 10% support.[18] In 2023 another poll was conducted which found 12% of Americans favored monarchy in the United States while 63% remained opposed.[19]

The Constantian Society, founded in 1970 by Randall J. Dicks, was a political group in the devoted to promoting the system of constitutional monarchy as a superior form of government, though its activities ceased with its founder's death in 1999.[20][21]

The idea of an American monarchy has more recently found popularity within

Traditional Catholicism and some conservative circles. Commentators like Taylor Marshall and Michael Knowles have praised monarchism.[22][23]

Some notable American monarchists include:

Alexander Hamilton proposed that the United States should be an elective monarchy.

Notes

  1. ^ There are multiple disagreements on who would have been the "king of the United States" today if George Washington had become king and passed the crown to his descendants. The general consensus among historians and genealogists would give the title to Richard Washington of Texas.[7][8][9]
  2. San Francisco, California declared himself "Norton I., Emperor of the United States".[30] He possessed no formal power during his self-declared reign, but citizens of San Francisco celebrated his presence and imperial proclamations regardless. He was never recognized as a valid monarch by the United States government, but King Kamehameha V of Hawaiʻi chose to officially recognize Norton as the valid leader of the United States.[31][32]

References

  1. ^ Calhoon, "Loyalism and neutrality", p. 235; Middlekauff (2005) pp. 563–564; Thomas B. Allen, Tories: Fighting for the King in America's First Civil War (20176) p. xx
  2. ^ Department Of State. The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs. "Treaty of Paris, 1783". 2001-2009.state.gov. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  3. ^ "Revolutionary War". HISTORY. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  4. ^ Nicola, Lewis. "To George Washington from Lewis Nicola, 22 May 1782". Founders Online. U.S. National Archives. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  5. ^ Washington, George. "To Lewis Nicola from George Washington, 22 May 1782". Founders Online. U.S. National Archives. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  6. ^ Auslin, Michael. "America Needs a King". POLITICO Magazine. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  7. ^ Soller, Kurt (7 October 2008). "America's 'Lost Monarchy': The Man Who Would Be King". Newsweek.
  8. ^ Roberts, Michelle (2008-10-08). "Texan is George Washington's closest kin". msnbc.com. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  9. YouTube
  10. ^ Kuehnelt-Leddihn, Erik von (2007). Liberty or Equality: The Challenge of Our Times (PDF). Mises Institute. p. 317.
  11. ^ Krauel, Richard. "Prince Henry of Prussia and the Regency of the United States, 1786".
  12. .
  13. ^ Kuehnelt-Leddihn, Erik von (1974). Leftism Revisited: From de Sade and Marx to Hitler and Marcuse (PDF). Arlington House. p. 62.
  14. ^ Carlson, Darren K. (6 February 2002). "Queen Elizabeth: 50 Years of Public Opinion". Gallup.
  15. ^ NCC Staff (22 July 2013). "Despite royal buzz, Americans would still pass on a monarchy". Yahoo News.
  16. ^ McCullogh, J.J. (22 May 2018). "Americans Are Royally Confused about Monarchy". National Review.
  17. ^ "American Monarchy a Good Thing" (PDF). YouGov. 10 April 2021. p. 110.
  18. ^ "Three in five Americans say it would be bad for the U.S. to have a monarchy | YouGov". today.yougov.com. Retrieved 2023-05-06.
  19. ^ "Constantian Society - Newsletter About Monarchy". Morning Edition via NPR Transcripts. January 9, 1991. Retrieved 2021-01-04.
  20. ^ Ferrick, Thomas Jr. (July 18, 1983). "Less Than Regally, Monarchists Convene". The Philadelphia Inquirer. p. A01. Retrieved 2021-01-04.
  21. ^ "Daily Wire's Michael Knowles praises monarchism". Media Matters for America. August 25, 2023.
  22. ^ Marshall, Taylor. "Monarchy is the best and highest form of government. I have no "tirade against monarchy". I object to the baptized monarch King Charles making a vow to uphold the Protestant religion". X.
  23. ^ Auslin, Michael (2 January 2014). "America Needs a King". Politico.
  24. .
  25. ^ "A King for America; THE END OF DEMOCRACY. By Ralph Adams Cram". New York Times. 19 September 1937.
  26. ^ Hertz, Solange. Democracy, Monarchy, and the Fourth Commandment.
  27. .
  28. .
  29. .
  30. ^ Forbes, David. Emperor Norton & Hawaii.
  31. ^ "The Emperor of the United States". The New York Public Library. Retrieved 2020-10-27.
  32. ^ Yeager, Leland B. (12 July 2011). "A Libertarian Case for Monarchy". Mises Institute. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022.