Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe

Coordinates: 39°27′10″N 5°19′39″W / 39.45278°N 5.32750°W / 39.45278; -5.32750
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Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe
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Royal Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe
Real Monasterio de Santa María de Guadalupe
Catholic
Ecclesiastical or organizational statusMonastery
Location
LocationGuadalupe (Cáceres), Spain
Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe is located in Spain
Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe
Shown within Spain
Geographic coordinates39°27′10″N 5°19′39″W / 39.45278°N 5.32750°W / 39.45278; -5.32750
Europe and North America
Area1.1 ha (2.7 acres)
Buffer zone43.65 ha (107.9 acres)
TypeNon-movable
CriteriaMonument
Designated1 March 1879
Reference no.RI-51-0000024

The Royal Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe (

Sierra de las Villuercas and was one of the most important and fine monasteries in the country for more than four centuries. UNESCO declared it a World Heritage Site
in 1993.

History

The monastery had its origins in the late 13th century, when a shepherd from

Our Lady of Guadalupe.[2]

King

Battle of Rio Salado
. After gaining the victory, he ascribed it to the Madonna's intercession, declared the church at Guadalupe a royal sanctuary and undertook an extensive rebuilding program.

In 1389, the

Hieronymite monks took over the monastery and made it their principal house. Construction works continued under the auspices of the order's first prior, and in 1474 Henry IV of Castile
was entombed in Guadalupe, next to his mother.

King Ferdinand II of Aragon issued the Sentencia Arbitral de Guadalupe at the monastery on 21 April 1486, thus effectively ending the onerous evil customs allowing medieval nobles in Catalonia to maltreat the remensa peasants and tie them to their lands.

The monastery has rich associations with the New World, including the Guadeloupe island in the Caribbean. It was here in Extremadura where Christopher Columbus made his first pilgrimage after discovering America in 1492 and where he first thanked heaven for his discovery.

Even after the monks from Guadalupe founded the famous monastery of

Pius XII
declared the shrine a "Minor Papal Basilica" in 1955.

Overview of the main facade and the square that lies before it.

Monuments

Mudéjar fountain

The monastery, whose architecture evolved throughout many centuries, is still dominated by the templo mayor, or the main church, built by Alfonso XI and his immediate successors in the 14th and 15th centuries. The square chapel of Santa

Zurbarán
.

Behind the basilica is Camarin de la Virgen, an octagonal baroque structure (1687–1696) with the stuccoed Chamber of the Virgin and nine paintings by Luca Giordano. The jewel of this profusely ornamented hall is a throne containing the statue of the Madonna which gave the monastery its name.

Other notable structures include the Mudéjar cloister (1389-1405), with the magnificent Plateresque portal; the late Gothic cloister from 1531–1533, and the new church, commissioned by one of Columbus's descendants in 1730. Regrettably, the palace of Isabella I of Castile (1487–1491) was pulled down in 1856.

The sanctuary is divided into:

  • Stewardship or portería
  • Basilica Temple (finished in 15th century)
  • Mudéjar cloister (finished in 14th century)
  • Gothic cloister and Welcomer (finished in 14th century)
  • Temple of the Holy Trinity (finished in 18th century) (since 1978 dedicated to Auditorium)
  • Embroidery Museum: liturgical vestments made in its embroidery workshop and includes pieces that cover the period between 15th and 19th centuries[3]
  • Museum of Books and Cantonals: more than ninety examples are exhibited, gigantic cantonals and two 15th century passionaries.
  • Museum of sculpture and painting: include paintings by
    Goya and El Greco, along with Anequín carvings by Egas Cueman or a crucified ivory Christ attributed to Michelangelo. The canvases of Zurbarán
    are in the old sacristy.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Real Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe.

Burials


See also

  • List of churches under the patronage of Our Lady of Guadalupe

References

  1. ^ "Cordero de Santa Maria", Nicolás Díaz y Pérez (1884) Diccionario histórico, biográfico, crítico y bibliográfico, p.153, Perez y Boix, Madrid (Spanish)
  2. ^ Gabriel de Talavera (1597) Historia de nuestra Senora de Guadalupe, Thomas de Guzman, Toledo (Spanish)
  3. ^ "Un monasterio con varios museos" españaescultura.es

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Real Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe.
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