Monica Geller
Monica Geller | |
---|---|
Judy Geller (mother) (brother)Ross Geller Althea (maternal grandmother) | |
Spouse |
Cultural Judaism[1] |
Nationality | American |
Monica E. Geller[2][3] (born June 15, 1969/1970)[4] is a fictional character, one of the six main characters who appears on the American sitcom Friends (1994–2004). Created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, and portrayed by actress Courteney Cox, Monica appears in all of the show's 236 episodes, from its premiere in 1994, to its finale in 2004. A chef known for her cleanliness, competitiveness and obsessive-compulsive nature, Monica is the younger sister of Ross Geller and best friend of Rachel Green, the latter of whom she invites to live with her after Rachel forsakes her own wedding. The two characters spend several years living together as roommates until Monica begins a romantic relationship with long-time neighbor and friend Chandler Bing, whom she marries. Unable to conceive children on their own, Chandler and Monica eventually adopt twins Erica and Jack and move out of their apartment into a larger house in the suburbs.
The creators' first choice for the role of Monica was comedienne
Several months before Friends premiered, NBC had conducted a
Role
A hardworking chef[5][6] Monica is introduced in the pilot as one of five close-knit friends who live in New York City, including her older brother Ross (David Schwimmer), neighbors Joey (Matt LeBlanc) and Chandler (Matthew Perry), and former roommate Phoebe (Lisa Kudrow).[7] When her privileged, inexperienced childhood best friend Rachel (Jennifer Aniston), with whom she had long lost contact, suddenly arrives in her neighborhood unannounced as a runaway bride after abandoning her own wedding, Monica allows her to move in with her while she attempts to reorganize her life, and the two reconnect.
Monica begins dating
After several failed attempts to conceive a child of their own, Monica and Chandler discover that they are both
Monica's catchphrase is "I know!"
Development
Conception and writing
Television writers David Crane and Marta Kauffman originally pitched Friends as a show about "that special time in your life when your friends are your family"[13] to then-NBC president Warren Littlefield shortly after their short-lived sitcom Family Album was canceled by CBS.[13] Inspired by their own experiences as young adults living in New York City, the writers loosely based the six main characters on some of their own friends and family;[14] Monica is based on Kauffman herself.[13] Observing that each main character was originally written as a "one-note stereotype", Jonathan Bernstein of The Daily Telegraph identified Monica as the group's "uptight fun-killer".[15] When Friends first aired, the majority of its earliest episodes revolved around Monica,[7] via whom each character appears to be interconnected; Friends stars the character's brother, her best friend, her former roommate and her two neighbors socializing in Monica's apartment.[7]
In the pilot, Monica is dumped almost immediately after sleeping with her new date Paul on the night of their first date. Monica is tricked into bed with him after Paul lies to her about his
Early in the series, Monica's apartment is established as one of the show's two primary locations.[21] In the pilot, the apartment number is 5, which was changed to 20 in subsequent episodes after the writers determined that Monica actually lived on a much higher floor.[22] Season three's "The One Where No One's Ready" takes place entirely in Monica's apartment because the show's budget was not large enough to accommodate additional sets or guest stars at that time.[23] In the series finale, Phoebe certifies that each character shared Monica's apartment at least one point during their lives.[24]
Relationship with Chandler Bing
Andrew Harrison of
Silveri and Goldberg-Meehan deliberately intended to keep Monica and Chandler's union "low-key" in order to further differentiate it from Ross and Rachel's, which had been very public.
Bianco observed that "On most shows, linking two main characters like Monica and Chandler would have been an act of desperation." However, "On Friends, it was a stroke of genius that made both characters more appealing while providing a needed diversion from the show's central task: Retaining a romantic equilibrium between Ross and Rachel."[35][36] Monica and Chandler's relationship is the antithesis of Ross and Rachel's because it remained "healthy and strong until the series ended", while the other couple was relentlessly on-and-off.[11] Encyclopedia of Television author Horace Newcomb believes that Monica's feelings for Chandler are responsible for curing the latter's fear of commitment.[37] Similarly, Slate writer Ruth Graham observed that "Chandler is painted as a self-loathing loser with women, until he finally snags Monica at the end of Season 4."[38] Meanwhile, Silveri believes that Friends ultimately ran as long as it did due in part to Monica and Chandler's romance, explaining, "if the center of Friends had remained Ross and Rachel, you would've seen a much shorter shelf life for the show"; Monica and Chandler's arc is believed to have extended the series by approximately three years.[11] Crane and Kauffman had always intended to give Monica and Chandler a child.[39] When it finally came time for them to write the finale, the idea of the couple adopting newborn twins was conceived at the last minute simply "for fun".[39] The birth of Monica and Chandler's twins serves as one of the finale's main plots.[40] They were named Jack and Erica – after Monica's father and their birth mother, respectively.[41] The twins are born three minutes and forty-six seconds apart.[42] Although the surprise addition of Monica and Chandler's twins was generally well received, critics questioned the fact that the babies are brought home from the hospital the same day as their delivery[41][43]
Casting
Monica is portrayed by American actress
Cox was 29 years old at the time she was cast, making her the show's second oldest main cast member,[3] and was 39 by the beginning of Friends' final season.[65] Additionally, this distinction makes Cox older than her on-screen brother, actor David Schwimmer, who portrays her older brother Ross,[23] who is one year her senior.[66] The actress would deliver Monica's lines emphatically.[67] Although each character is depicted as an avid coffee drinker, spending much of their free time in a coffee house, Cox herself does not drink coffee, and was only pretending to drink it out of mugs on the show.[68] Kauffman believes that Cox's own cleanliness closely resembles her character's; at times the actress would clean her co-stars' dressing rooms.[60] Cox also shares the character's motherly nature.[69] The actress enjoyed portraying Monica as she was able to "bring more of my own personality to her, and I've never really been able to do that before."[60] Starpulse.com observed that "As Monica, Cox never quite enjoyed the sort of watercooler storylines that co-star ... Jennifer Aniston had with David Schwimmer as the on-again, off-again Rachel and Ross."[70] At one point, Cox had begun to regret her decision to accept the role of Monica over Rachel due to the character's lack of strong storylines; she eventually relented once Monica and Chandler became romantically involved, thus her character's storylines gradually began to improve.[55]
Cox married actor David Arquette in 1999 while the show was on hiatus between seasons five and six, hence the actress legally changed her full name to Courteney Cox Arquette.[24] The opening credits of the season six premiere "The One After Vegas" features an inside joke in which Cox's new surname "Arquette" is attached to the surnames of each cast and crew member.[24] The episode is dedicated to Cox and Arquette, reading, "For Courteney and David, who did get married."[22] Before marrying Cox, Arquette had guest starred in an episode of Friends as Phoebe's love interest.[29] During season 10, Cox got pregnant with her and Arquette's child.[71] At that same time, her character and on-screen husband were going through the process of adopting a child.[71] Like Monica and Chandler, Cox and Arquette had also struggled with conceiving in real life.[12][68] Although Kudrow's real-life pregnancy had successfully been written into the show,[31] the same could not have been done for Cox because Friends had already long-established that Monica is incapable of having children.[72] Therefore, the crew attempted to conceal Cox's pregnancy using a combination of baggy, loose-fitting costumes and props instead.[22] However, at times the actress' growing belly was still detectable by viewers in spite of the crew's best efforts.[72][73]
Characterization and themes
Codependency and neuroticism
At the beginning of season one, Monica is 25 years old.
Identified by Ayn Bernos of Thought Catalog as "the epitome of a ... control freak",[85] Refinery29's Kelsey Miller summarized Monica's personality as funny, uptight, loving, and competitive.[86] A very organized character with a signature Type A personality[79] who enjoys being in charge,[87] Monica is known for being a "neat freak" obsessed with cleanliness –[88] especially when it comes to maintaining the impeccable condition of her apartment –[89] neurotic,[90] extremely obsessive-compulsive, and competitive in nature,[91][92][93] personality traits that are exaggerated for humor and comic relief;[2][94] the writers did not begin to take full comedic advantage of Monica's neuroses until the show's first Thanksgiving episode.[94] The character is also the loudest of her friends.[67] In her book Writing With Emotion, Tension, and Conflict: Techniques for Crafting an Expressive and Compelling Novel, author Cheryl St. John wrote that Monica exhibits qualities commonly associated with perfectionism and bossiness.[93] James Tison of Bustle wrote that Monica's cleanliness and bossiness often relinquishes her to being "the lame one" among her friends, although "she proved that sometimes rules and responsibility were important".[67] However, the Los Angeles Times' Steve Weinstein observed that Monica's actions often tend to contradict her "Miss Perfect" image and reputation, explaining that the character frequently "makes a fool of herself" in addition to being "so compulsively neat that just her facial expressions of discomfort at one of her friends' messing things up in her apartment is enough to provoke genuine chuckles."[60] Although several of Monica's personality traits and mannerisms make the character a strong candidate for obsessive-compulsive disorder, they are treated as "quirky and amusing" as opposed to a disability or disease; her friends either ignore or find humor in her peculiarities.[94]
As creator and writer, Kauffman confirmed that Monica's extremely organized personality is based on her own, explaining, "I have a lot of Monica in me, in terms of everything having to be a certain way."[13] Writing about the development of Monica's personality in USA Today, Robert Bianco observed that the character gradually evolves from "the caring, nurturing mother figure ... into a slightly off-the-beam benevolent monarch."[95] By the show's final season, Monica's personality has been "exacerbated for comedy" to the point of which she becomes borderline "cartoonish".[96]
Family and childhood; career and love life
Monica has a complicated relationship with her parents
Although Monica and Rachel have remained best friends since high school, they are very much opposites.
Possessing a very strong will, the character tends to exhibit outstanding perseverance when it comes to what she expects out of her relationships, jobs, and life in general, oftentimes refusing to settle for anything less than what satisfies her.
Out of Friends' female characters, Monica's style took the longest to establish.'s Mahalia Chang observed that Monica did not follow trends of the time as much as Rachel, preferring to boast mom jeans, "boxy" sweaters, sneakers and flannels.
Critical reception
Four months before its premiere, Friends failed NBC's confidential
When Friends premiered in September 1994, critics initially perceived Monica as the show's main character; Entertainment Weekly's Ken Tucker attributes this to the fact that Cox was the show's most famous cast member at the time.[80] The actress has garnered largely positive reviews for her performance, with Tucker concluding that Cox "plays straight woman ... with alluring modesty".[80] Tony Scott of Variety commended the entire cast for "appear[ing] resourceful and display[ing] sharp sitcom skills ... especially Cox",[120] while The Baltimore Sun's David Zurawik described her acting as "terrific".[21] John Kiesewetter of The Cincinnati Enquirer praised Cox's ability to "deliver both verbal and physical comedy".[121] Contactmusic.com's Sophie Miskiw commended Cox for portraying Monica with "endearing neurosis".[122] As a character, Lifetime described Monica as "neurotic yet lovable".[123] Bustle's Emma Lord wrote, "I can't imagine why anyone wouldn't want to be Monica Geller", describing her as a "smart" and "savvy" character.[124] Despite admitting that Monica is "probably not our favourite character", TalkTalk conceded that she is "wonderfully neurotic",[125] while Nick at Nite reviewed her as "just as lovable as she is neurotic", despite her overbearing personality.[6] Howard Rosenberg of the Los Angeles Times was receptive towards the entire cast, especially Cox and her character, who he described as "strong" and "likable and funny".[126] Also writing for the Los Angeles Times, Glenn Whipp lauded Cox's tenure on Friends, enthusing that the actress successfully "took a character loaded with obsessive-compulsive quirks and a goofy, overly competitive nature and fashioned a flesh-and-blood woman".[92] Describing the actress' comic timing as "impeccable", Whipp went on to write that Cox "brought out Monica's insecurities in a way that turned self-deprecation into an art form".[92] Jenna Mullins of E! dubbed Cox "a fantastic comedic actress".[127] Alec Harvey of The Birmingham News described Monica as a "very, very funny" character.[128] Kayla Upadhyaya of The Michigan Daily appreciated the fact that "Cox brought moments of sincerity and severity to Monica".[129] However, The Washington Post panned Cox's performance as "degrading",[130] while Mike Ryan of ScreenCrush dismissed Monica as a "fairly normal, but boring" character.[131]
In 1999, Cox was nominated for an
Despite consistently warm reception towards Cox and her character, some aspects of Monica's characterization have been criticized. The
Legacy
Impact and commendations
According to
According to a
Immediately established as one of the show's primary settings,
Wardrobe and fashion
Friends' female characters had a profound influence on
In recent years, fans' appreciation for Monica's wardrobe has grown following the series' availability on Netflix, with
See also
References
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