Morbillivirus

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Morbillivirus
"Morbillivirus hominis" electron micrograph
electron micrograph
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum:
Negarnaviricota
Class: Monjiviricetes
Order: Mononegavirales
Family: Paramyxoviridae
Subfamily: Orthoparamyxovirinae
Genus: Morbillivirus
Species

Morbillivirus is a genus of

extinct. Diseases in humans associated with viruses classified in this genus include measles; in animals, they include acute febrile respiratory tract infection and Canine distemper.[3] In 2013, a wave of increased death among the Common bottlenose dolphin population was attributed to morbillivirus.[4]

Genus

Genus Morbillivirus: species and their viruses[5]
Genus Species Virus (Abbreviation)
Morbillivirus
Morbillivirus canis
 		Canine distemper virus (CDV)
Morbillivirus caprinae Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV)
Morbillivirus ceti Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV)
Morbillivirus felis Feline morbillivirus (FeMV)
Morbillivirus hominis
 		Measles virus (MeV)
†
Morbillivirus pecoris
 		Rinderpest virus (RPV)
Morbillivirus phocae
 		Phocine distemper virus (PDV)

Structure

Schematic diagram of a Morbillivirus virion (cross section)

Morbillivirions are enveloped, with spherical geometries. Their diameter is around 150 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15–16 kb in length. The genome codes for eight proteins.[2][3]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Morbillivirus Spherical Enveloped Linear Monopartite
Morbillivirus genome map

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by virus attaching to host cell. Replication follows the negative-stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative-stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering, through co-transcriptional RNA editing is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding. Humans, cattle, dogs, cats, and cetaceans serve as the natural hosts. Infection from this virus takes place in five stages: incubation, prodromal, mucosal, diarrheic, and convalescent.[6][7] Transmission routes are respiratory.[2][3][8][9][10] Morbillivirus are sensitive to high temperatures, sunlight, extreme pH levels, and any chemical that can destroy its outer envelope.[11]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Morbillivirus Humans, dogs, cats, cetaceans None Glycoprotein Budding Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Aerosols

References

  1. PMID 31609197
    .
  2. ^ a b c "Family: Paramyxoviridae". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
  3. ^ a b c "Morbillivirus". Viral Zone. ExPASy. taxid:11229. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  4. ^ Jackson H (19 November 2014). "Virus causing Atlantic dolphin die-off". The Daily Times. p. T11. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
  5. PMID 37622664
    .
  6. S2CID 242980358
    , retrieved 7 January 2024
  7. PMID 37483821
    .
  8. PMID 8885706
    .
  9. PMID 25685949
    .
  10. ISBN 978-0-12-088385-1
    , retrieved 7 January 2024
  11. PMID 10582096

External links

Wikispecies has information related to Morbillivirus.