Morse code for non-Latin alphabets

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This is a summary of the use of Morse code to represent alphabets other than Latin.

Greek

The Greek Morse code alphabet is very "similar" to the Latin alphabet. The "similarity" is based first on optical resemblance of each letter, a.k.a glyph, and then secondly on sound. Example, A both in Greek and English is the same glyph and sound (like a in word apple). The Greek B though, is identical to the English B as far as the glyph is concerned, even though the sound of Greek B is the same as the sound of English V (like the v in word victory). The B prevails to V. The Greek Morse code alphabet uses one extra letter for Greek letter Χ and no longer uses the codes for Latin letters "J", "U" and "V".

Greek
Code
ITU Greek
Code
ITU Greek
Code
ITU
Α
  ▄ ▄▄▄ 
A Ι
  ▄ ▄ 
I Ρ
  ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ 
R
Β
  ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ 
B Κ
  ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
K Σ
  ▄ ▄ ▄ 
S
Γ
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ 
G Λ
  ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ 
L Τ
  ▄▄▄ 
T
Δ
  ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ 
D Μ
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
M Υ
  ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
Y
Ε
  ▄ 
E Ν
  ▄▄▄ ▄ 
N Φ
  ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ 
F
Ζ
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ 
Z Ξ
  ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
X Χ
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
CH
Η
  ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ 
H Ο
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
O Ψ
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
Q
Θ
  ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ 
C Π
  ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ 
P Ω
  ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
W
Diphthongs (obsolete)
HY
  ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
V YI
  ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
J OY
  ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
U
OI
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ 
8 EI
  ▄ ▄ ▄ 
S AI
  ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
Ä
AY
  ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
Ü EY
  ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ 
Ö

The tonos is not transmitted in Morse code; the receiver can simply infer which vowels require one. The Greek diphthongs presented in the bottom three rows of the table are specified in old Greek Morse-code tables but they are never used in actual communication, the two vowels being sent separately.

Cyrillic

Main article: Russian Morse code

KOI-7 and KOI-8
.

Cyrillic Code ITU Cyrillic Code ITU Cyrillic Code ITU Cyrillic Code ITU
А   ▄ ▄▄▄  A И (Ukr. І)   ▄ ▄  I Р   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  R Ш   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  (CH)
Б   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  B Й   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  J С   ▄ ▄ ▄  S Щ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  Q
В   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  W К   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  K Т   ▄▄▄  T Ь (Bul. Ъ)   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  X
Г   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  G Л   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  L У   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  U Ы (Bul. Ь)   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  Y
Д   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  D М   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  M Ф   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  F Э (Ukr. Є)   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  É
Е   ▄  E Н   ▄▄▄ ▄  N Х   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  H Ю   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  (Ü)
Ж   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  V О   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  O Ц   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  C Я   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  (Ä)
З   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  Z П   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  P Ч   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  (Ö) Ї   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  —

The order and encoding shown uses the Russian national standard. The Bulgarian standard is the same except for the two letters (Ь, Ъ) given in parentheses: The Bulgarian language does not use Ы, while Ъ is frequent, but missing in Russian standard Morse.

The letter Ё (Yo) does not have an international Morse phonetic equivalent, with international Е used instead. Ukrainian Morse uses Є instead of Э, І instead of И, but also has И encoded as Ы, and has additional Ї (Yi).

Hebrew

Hebrew letters are mostly represented using the Morse representation of a similar-sounding Latin letter (e.g. "Bet" ב≡B); however the representation for several letters are from a Latin letter with a similar shape (e.g. "Tet" ט ≡U, while "Tav" ת≡T). Though Hebrew Morse code is transcribed from right to left, the table below is transcribed from left to right as per the Latin letters in the table.

Letter Code ITU Letter Code ITU
א   ▄ ▄▄▄  A ל   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  L
ב   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  B מ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  M
ג   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  G נ   ▄▄▄ ▄  N
ד   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  D ס   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  C
ה   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  O ע   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  J
ו   ▄  E פ   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  P
ז   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  Z צ   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  W
ח   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  H ק   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  Q
ט   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  U ר   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  R
י   ▄ ▄  I ש   ▄ ▄ ▄  S
כ   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  K ת   ▄▄▄  T

Arabic

Letter Code ITU Letter Code ITU Letter Code ITU Letter Code ITU
ا   ▄ ▄▄▄  A ذ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  Z ط   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  U ل   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  L
ب   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  B ر   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  R ظ   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  Y م   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  M
ت   ▄▄▄  T ز   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  Ö ع   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  Ä ن   ▄▄▄ ▄  N
ث   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  C س   ▄ ▄ ▄  S غ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  G ه   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  É
ج   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  J ش   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  CH ف   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  F و   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  W
ح   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  H ص   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  X ق   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  Q ي   ▄ ▄  I
خ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  O ض   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  V ك   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  K ﺀ   ▄  E
د   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  D      

Kurdish

Letter In Latin Code Letter In Latin Code Letter In Latin Code Letter In Latin Code Letter In Latin Code
ا A   ▄ ▄▄▄  گ G   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  ڵ Ł   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  ڕ Ř   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  و W   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
ب B   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  ھ H   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  م M   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  س S   ▄ ▄ ▄  خ X   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
ج C   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  ح Ḧ   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  ن N   ▄▄▄ ▄  ش Ş   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  غ Ẍ   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
چ Ç   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  - I   ▄ ▄  نٚ Ň   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  ت T   ▄▄▄  ی Y   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ 
ڎ Đ   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  ی Î   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  ۆ O   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  و U   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  ز Z   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ 
ە E   ▄  ژ J   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  پ P   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  وو Û   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  ع '   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 
ێ Ê   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  ک K   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  ق Q   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  ۊ Ü   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  د D   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ 
ف F   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  ل L   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  ر R   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  ڤ V   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ 

See [1]

Persian

Letter Code ITU Letter Code ITU Letter Code ITU Letter Code ITU
ا   ▄ ▄▄▄  A خ   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  X ص   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  Ä ک   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  K
ب   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  B د   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  D ض   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  É گ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  Q
پ   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  P ذ   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  V ط   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄  U ل   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  L
ت   ▄▄▄  T ر   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  R ظ   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  Y م   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  M
ث   ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  C ز   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄  Z ع   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  O ن   ▄▄▄ ▄  N
ج   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  J ژ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  G غ   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  Ü و   ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  W
چ   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  Ö س   ▄ ▄ ▄  S ف   ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄  F ه   ▄  E
ح   ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  H ش   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄  CH ق   ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄  : ی   ▄ ▄  I

See also fa:کد مورس

Devanagari

Ashok Kelkar,[2] where the Latin letters are encoded as per the International Morse code standard. Some variations on this code exist,[3] and there have been some attempts to introduce other telegraph codes either to improve efficiency or to apply to more Indian languages.[2][4][5] Proposals for a telegraph code suitable for multiple Indian languages have been made as early as 1948, shortly after independence.[6]

Devanagari Latin Morse Devanagari Latin Morse Devanagari Latin Morse Devanagari Latin Morse
ा A अ TA ः EA आ IA
ि D इ TD ी ED ई ID
ु U उ TU ू EU ऊ IU
े F ए TF े EF ऐ IF
ो O ओ TO ो EO औ IO
क K क् TK ख EK ख् IK
ग G ग् TG घ EG घ् IG
च C च् TC छ EC छ् IC
ज J ज् TJ झ EJ झ् IJ
ट Ä ट् TÄ ठ EÄ ठ् IÄ
ड Ü ड् TÜ ढ EÜ ढ् IÜ
त W त् TW थ EW थ् IW
द Z द् TZ ध EZ ध् IZ
न N न् TN ं EN ँ IN
प P प् TP फ EP फ् IP
ब B ब् TB भ EB भ् IB
म M म् TM ण EM ण् IM
य Y य् TY ळ EY ळ् IY
र R र् TR ER क्र IR
ल L ल् TL ञ EL ञ् IL
व V व् TV ङ EV ङ् IV
स S स् TS श ES श् IS
ह H ह् TH ष EH ष् IH
ृ Ö ़ TÖ ॆ EÖ IÖ
क्ष Q क्ष् TQ त्र EQ त्र् IQ
ज्ञ X ज्ञ् TX श्र EX श्र् IX
में MM है TMM मैं EMM हूँ IMM

Chinese

See Chinese telegraph code.

Korean

See SKATS.

Japanese

See Wabun code.

Thai

See รหัสมอร์ส on the Thai Wikipedia

References

  1. ^ https://tirsik.net/index.php?peyam=142083
  2. ^
    OCLC 504343143
    .
  3. ^ @avtansa (June 7, 2018). "Morse code for sending messages in Devanagari (Telegraphy) देवनागरी तार संकेत निर्देशिका #Hindi #Marathi #Sanskrit #Kashmiri #Bodo #Sindhi #Santhali #Dogri" (Tweet). Retrieved 2019-02-25 – via Twitter.
  4. doi:10.1080/03772063.1957.11486049
    .
  5. doi:10.1080/03772063.1961.11486283
    .
  6. ^ Joshi, R.D. (1948). "A new telegraphic code for the Indian languages". Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. 7 (7): 301–307.
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