Motion graphics
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Motion graphics (sometimes mograph) are pieces of
History of the term
Since there is no universally accepted definition of motion graphics, the official beginning of the art form is disputed. There have been presentations that could be classified as motion graphics as early as the 1800s.
The history of motion graphics is closely related to the history of
1887-1941
Walter Ruttmann was a German cinematographer and film director who worked mainly in experimental film. The films were experiments in new forms of film expression and featured shapes of different colors flowing back and forth and in and out of the lens. He started his film career in the early 1920s, starting with abstract films Lichtspiel: Opus I (1921), the first publicly screened abstract film, and Opus II (1923.) The animations were painted with oil on glass plates, so the wet paint could be wiped away and modified easily.[3]
1917-1995
John Whitney was of the first users of the term "motion graphics" and founded a company called Motion Graphics Inc. in 1960.[4] One of his most famous works was the animated title sequence from Alfred Hitchcock’s film “Vertigo” in 1958, collaborating with Saul Bass, which featured swirling graphics growing from small to large.
1920-1996
Saul Bass was a major pioneer in the development of feature film title sequences. His work included title sequences for popular films such as The Man with the Golden Arm (1955), Vertigo (1958), Anatomy of a Murder (1959), North by Northwest (1959), Psycho (1960), and Advise & Consent (1962). His designs were simple, but effectively communicated the mood of the film.[5]
1933-2003
Stan Brakhage was one of the most important figures in 20th-century experimental film. He explored a variety of formats, creating a large, diverse body of work. His influence in the credits of the film Seven (1995), designed by Kyle Cooper, with the scratched emulsion, rapid cutaways, and bursts of light in his style.[3]
Computer-generated motion graphics
Before computers were widely available, motion graphics were costly and time-consuming, limiting their use to high-budget
In the late 1980s to mid-1990s, expensive proprietary graphics systems such as those from British-based
Motion graphics continued to evolve as an art form with the incorporation of sweeping camera paths and 3D elements. Maxon's
Many motion graphics animators learn several
Leaning heavily from techniques such as the
Motion design and digital compositing software packages
Motion design applications include
Methods of animation
Elements of a motion graphics project can be animated by various means, depending on the capabilities of the software. These elements may be in the form of art, text, photos, and video clips, to name a few. The most popular form of animation is
Computers are capable of calculating and randomizing changes in imagery to create the illusion of motion and transformation.
Notable filmmakers who have informed the motion graphics industry
- Saul Bass
- John Whitney[4]
- Maurice Binder
- Stan Brakhage
- Robert Abel
- Kyle Cooper
- Pablo Ferro
- Oskar Fischinger
- Martin Lambie-Nairn
- Len Lye
- Norman McLaren
Studios
Early ground breaking motion design studios include:[9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
- Charlex
- Aerodrome
- Broadway Video
- Rushes Postproduction
- Sogitech
- Robert Abel and Associates
- Marks & Marks
- Pacific Data Images
- Pittard Sullivan
- Japan Computer Graphics Lab
- Cranston/Csuri Productions
See also
- Audiovisual art
- Live event support
- Video art
- Video synthesizer
- Motion graphic design
- Music visualization
- User Experience Design
- After Effects
References
- ^ Betancourt, Michael (2012-01-06). "The Origins of Motion Graphics". Cinegraphic. Retrieved 2019-02-05.
- ^ Cone, Justin (2013-02-12). "The History of Motion Graphics". Motionographer. Retrieved 2019-02-05.
- ^ a b "The History of Motion Graphics". Google Books. December 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "The Computer Graphics Book Of Knowledge". www.cs.cmu.edu.
- ^ Betancourt, Michael (2011-08-28). "Saul Bass – Animating Modernist Design". Cinegraphic. Retrieved 2019-02-05.
- ^ "ID 797 - History of Computer Graphics and Animation". excelsior.biosci.ohio-state.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-10-13.
- OCLC 936201609.
- ^ May, Tom (26 April 2021). "50 motion design resources that creatives actually use". Creative Boom. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
- ^ "CGI Family Tree Main Page". excelsior.biosci.ohio-state.edu. Archived from the original on 2013-05-03.
- ^ ""Music Video That Looks like Film" by Comer, Brooke Sheffield - American Cinematographer, Vol. 67, Issue 9, September 1986". Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2016-12-21.
- ^ ".: flights :". www.aerodrome.com.
- ^ "Robert Abel & Associates - UCLA Film & Television Archive". www.cinema.ucla.edu.
- ^ "Sogitec — Histoire 3D Wiki". histoire3d.siggraph.org.
- ^ Graser, Marc (2 April 2001). "Pittard Sullivan shuts doors". variety.com.
- OCLC 809249105.