Mount Isa
Mount Isa Federal division(s) | Kennedy | ||||||||
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Mount Isa (/ˈaɪzə/ EYE-zə) is a city in the Gulf Country region of Queensland, Australia.[2] It came into existence because of the vast mineral deposits found in the area. Mount Isa Mines (MIM) is one of the most productive single mines in world history, based on combined production of lead, silver, copper and zinc.[3]
With an urban population of 18,317 in 2021 census,[1] Mount Isa is the administrative, commercial and industrial centre for the state's vast north-western region. Although situated in an arid area, the artificial Lake Moondarra[4] 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of the city on the Leichhardt River provides both drinking water and an area for watersports, birdwatching and recreation. Locals often refer to Mount Isa as "The Isa".[5]
Due to the
Geography
The
- Mineside
- Happy Valley – includes Happy Valley State School, St Joseph's Catholic Primary School, and Captain James Cook Park
- Kalkadoon – includes Mount Isa Airport and Kalkadoon Park
- Mica Creek – includes CS Energy Mica Creek Power Station
- Miles End – includes Mount Isa Civic Centre and railway station
- Parkside – Mount Isa's largest and oldest suburb. Contains the Irish Club, Parkside Flats complex, and Playway Park
- Soldiers Hill – All streets and parks named after war locations and soldiers, such as Kokoda Road and Gallipoli Park
- Hilton – More commonly known as Mineside, on the same side of the railway line as Mount Isa Mines and the Incitec Pivot Sulphuric Acid plant. Employee housing, particularly for managers and visiting staff from Xstrata, Casa Grande; a white brick mansion built for the visit of Queen Elizabeth II; now used for the annual Casa Grande Ball, and some mine operations.
- Townside
- Breakaway – Semi-rural acreages
- Fisher
- Healy – Residential suburb, site of Healy State School
- Lanskey
- Menzies – includes Buchanan Park events complex, Stables and Racecourse.
- Mornington
- Mount Isa City – The Central Business District
- Mount Isa East – has own post office and smaller shopping centres
- Pioneer – includes a campus of TAFE Queensland North, Spinifex Senior Campus and Ten-Pin Bowling complex, St Kierans Catholic Primary School
- Ryan – mostly industrial, includes army and State Emergency Service barracks, home to one company of the 51st Battalion, Far North Queensland Regiment[11]
- Spreadborough – mostly bushland and light industry. The notable Spreadborough family still resides in the area.
- Sunset – Home to Sunset State Primary School, and some shopping facilities
- The Gap
- Townview – Home to Townview State Primary School
- Winston
History
Mount Isa is located on the traditional land of the
They first came into contact with advancing European pastoralists and miners in the mid 1860s, following the Burke and Wills expedition to the Cape York Peninsula in 1861.[13] As settlers and prospectors pressed further into their lands the Kalkadoon set out on one of Australia's most successful guerrilla wars, now known as the Kalkadoon Wars which took place from about 1871 to 1884. Their success continued until at Battle Mountain in 1884, when Kalkadoon people killed five Native Police and a prominent pastoralist. Only 29 Kalkadoon people survived. In response, the Queensland Government sending a large contingent of heavily armed patrols who chased surviving tribe members. It is estimated that 900 Kalkadoon people were killed during this six-year campaign.[14] There is now a memorial near the site of the Black Mountain.[15]
In 1923, a lone prospector,
Mount Isa Post Office opened on 1 August 1924.[16]
A location for the town's hospital was chosen in 1929, with a small building completed the following year.[17] In 1931, a larger structure was moved to the site from the closed mining town of Kuridala.[17]
In 1970, Queen Elizabeth II, The Duke of Edinburgh and Princess Anne toured Australia including Queensland. The Queensland tour began on Sunday 12 April when the royal yacht Britannia entered Moreton Bay at Caloundra, sailing into Newstead Wharf. After visiting Brisbane and Longreach next on the tour was Mount Isa and while there the royals were driven to Kalkadoon Park where the royal couple witnessed a programmed event under the guidance of Ringmaster Mr. J. O’Shea. Kalkadoon Park was the original site of the famous Mount Isa rodeo. The following day, on 16 April, the Duke of Edinburgh was taken on an underground tour of the Mount Isa mine while Queen Elizabeth stayed above ground. The Marshalling Area around R62 Shaft Winder Tower was cleaned, and a display was set up using operational mining equipment from underground so Queen Elizabeth II could see it in action. The display was designed to demonstrate the operation of an EIMCO air powered rail mounted rocker shovel loading ore.[18]
The Mount Isa City Library opened in 1974.[19]
In 2008, plans were made to build a massive motor sports complex on the city's north-eastern outskirts, but as of 2016 it had not been built.[20]
In 2008 a Queensland Health report found that more than 10% of children in Mount Isa had blood lead levels above World Health Organization recommendations. The mining operator Glencore denied responsibility and stated that the town has naturally high levels of lead in the soil.[21] However, a more recent study led by Macquarie University environmental engineers has used lead isotope analysis to show conclusively that the lead ingested had originated from smelted ore and not surface deposits.[22][23]
In 2008, a rumour circulated that the ratio of males to females living in Mount Isa was five to one. Former Mayor John Molony drew international press attention in August 2008 when he told the
In 2015, Mt Isa formed its own Symphony Orchestra, acclaimed as the "most remote in the world".
On 5 March 2017, Mount Isa was chosen as a host city of the 2018 Commonwealth Games Queen's Baton Relay, along with Cloncurry, Hughenden, Winton and Birdsville. The baton passed through the Mount Isa CBD and suburbs and regions en route before the opening ceremony on the Gold Coast.[28]
In the 2021 census, the town of Mount Isa had a population of 19,226 people,[29] housed in 9,133 dwellings,[29] making the city the largest and most populous in Queensland's western interior, and one of the largest centres in outback Australia.[1]
Heritage listings
Mount Isa has a number of
- Camooweal Street: Underground Hospital [30]
- Camooweal Street: Tent House [31][32]
- 6–12 Fifth Avenue (20°44′03″S 139°29′12″E / 20.7341°S 139.4866°E): Spinifex State College Junior Campus [33]
- Mount Isa Mining District: Bower Bird Battery [34]
- Mount Isa Mine Lease: Mount Isa Mine Early Infrastructure [35]
- Nettle Street: Casa Grande [36]
Governance
Mount Isa at local level is part of the City of Mount Isa, at state level is part of the electoral district of Mount Isa in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland, and at federal level is part of the Division of Kennedy in the Australian House of Representatives. The mayor of Mount Isa, after the 2020 Local Government Elections, is Danielle Slade.[37] The City of Mount Isa LGA jurisdiction, covering 43,188 km2[38] (2nd largest in Australia), is the 15th largest in the world in terms of area[39] and takes in the border town of Camooweal, 188 km (117 mi) to the north-west of Mount Isa and 12 km (7.5 mi) from the border of the Northern Territory.
Economy
Mount Isa's industry is largely dependent on mining. Glencore operates the Mount Isa Mines lease adjacent to the city, which comprises the "Enterprise" underground copper mine, X41 underground copper mine, "Black Star Open Cut" silver-lead zinc mine, and metallurgical processing facilities. Silver-lead-zinc ore is also mined 20 km (12 mi) to the north at Hilton from the "George Fisher" underground mine, and the adjoining "Handlebar Hill" open cut, which is trucked back to Mount Isa for processing.
Mount Isa is in the top two of the largest copper mining and smelting operations in the country.[40] Copper and lead are smelted on site, with copper anodes and zinc concentrate being transported 900 km (560 mi) to the city and port of Townsville on the east coast. The lead ingots are transported to a refinery in Britain where the silver is extracted. The mine is the most significant landmark in the area, with the stack from the lead smelter (built 1978), standing 270 m tall, visible from all parts of the city and up to 40 km (25 mi) out.[citation needed]
Education
Mount Isa has eight public primary schools and three private primary schools:
- Happy Valley State School[41]
- Healy State School[42]
- Townview State School[43]
- Barkly Highway State School[44]
- Central State School
- Sunset State School[45]
- Mount Isa School of the Air[46]
- Mount Isa Special School[47]
- St Kieren's (private)
- St Josephs (private)
And four high schools:
- Good Shepherd Catholic College (private)
- Mt Isa Flexible Learning Centre (private)
- Mount Isa School of the Air (to grade 10)[46]
- Spinifex State College – Three campuses, Junior from grade 7 to grade 9, Senior from grade 10 to grade 12, and Residential; for students who don't have a high-school in their region and need to leave their place of residence to access years 7–12. Spinifex State College opened on 1 January 2003. The Junior campus is located at the former Mount Isa State High School. The Senior campus is located at the former Kalkadoon State High School. The Mount Isa Education and Training Precinct campus is an amalgamation of Kalkadoon State High School and Mount Isa State High School to form Spinifex State College Precinct.[48]
Mount Isa is also home to the
Water infrastructure
Mount Isa's water is supplied from Lake Moondarra, 13 km (8.1 mi) from Mount Isa, and from
Due to a prolonged drought, water levels in Lake Moondarra have become very low. In April 2013, it was forecast that Lake Moondarra would be reduced to 40% of capacity by July 2013, which would trigger the need to supply additional water from Lake Julius. The increased cost to the Mount Isa Council for water was estimated to be $800,000 per year ($114 each for 7000 households).[50] Water restrictions in the town were escalated in April 2013 to reduce water consumption.[51] Boating on Lake Moondarra would be restricted if water levels reduced to 20% for safety reasons as the lower water levels would reveal obstructions.[50] The fish in the lake will be at risk if Lake Moondarra falls to 10% capacity.[52]
Water has traditionally been processed using a natural filtration process involving reed beds in a large isolated lagoon, which, after disinfecting, produced water to acceptable standards under the
Amenities
The City of Mount Isa operates a public library in Mount Isa at 23 West Street which utilizes a high - speed ISDN Internet Connection (powered through the National Broadband Network) to both Townsville and Brisbane.[53]
Mount Isa also has a cinema complex, situated in the inner city on Rodeo Drive, that contains three air-conditioned
The city is known for its annual Rodeo and Mardi Gras street parade every August. There is also an annual Multicultural Festival in early September.
The local theatre group, the Mount Isa Theatrical Society, also known as MITS, often holds plays and musicals, at least once every few months.
Athletics,[54] gymnastics,[55] tennis, rugby league, field hockey, football, netball, rugby union, cricket, and Australian rules are the most common sports but shooting, squash, softball, basketball, BMX racing, and ten-pin bowling are also present. Mount Isa has a Go Kart Club[56] situated off Duchess Road on the southern side of town.
Tourism
Attractions include the Hard Times Mine at "Outback at Isa" and The Mount Isa Rodeo and Mardi Gras (held on the same weekend) has given Mount Isa the title of "Rodeo Capital of Australia". The occasion may well triple the city's population in these few days.[citation needed] A memorial has been made especially for the Rodeo, down Rodeo Drive; the sidewalks have special memorials embedded in the cement.
The burial place of John Campbell Miles, the founder of Mount Isa, is on the corner of Rodeo Drive and Miles Street. His ashes are buried underneath a large statue where each panel represents a significant part of Mount Isa. Miles' ashes used to be watched over by a large clock where the statue now stands.
The
Events
The Mount Isa Rodeo has been held annually since 1959. In addition to the
The Mount Isa parkrun is a 5 km run in Mount Isa. It starts at 7am every Saturday and is free. The event started in 2018 and has attracted tourists from across Queensland and more. The event starts at Tharrapatha Way. As at April 2018, the largest attendance is 102. The event caters for all types of runners of all standards.[62]
The Glencore Mount Isa Lake Moondarra Fishing Classic is held annually, and after 2011 will also be followed by a Fishing, Camping and 4x4 Expo. The Fishing Classic is the richest fresh water fishing event in Queensland.[63] Catching the tagged barramundi fetches the greatest prize money.
Transport
Mount Isa city and surrounds are serviced by a 35 vehicle
The city is served by QR passenger train The Inlander, which travels overnight to Townsville twice a week in each direction.
Preceding station | Queensland Rail | Following station | ||
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Long distance rail services | ||||
Duchess towards Townsville
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The Inlander | Terminus |
Media
Radio
The following radio stations are available in the Mount Isa region:
- AM 666 4LM (commercial)
- FM 87.6 Vision Radio (religious)
- FM 88.0 Faith FM (religious)
- FM 100.9 Mob FM (commercial-70% country)
- FM 101.7 ABC Classic
- FM 102.5 Hit FM (commercial-formerly Hot FM)
- FM 103.3 TAB Radio (horse racing)
- FM 104.1 ABC Triple J
- FM 104.9 ABC News Radio
- FM 105.7 Rhema FM (religious)
- FM 106.1 SBS Radio
- FM 106.5 ABC North West
- FM 107.1 ABC Radio National
Television
Five broadcast television services operate in Mount Isa — commercial stations Central Digital Television (a Network Ten affiliate), Imparja Television (a Nine Network affiliate) and Southern Cross Seven (a
Digital Television transmissions have commenced in Mount Isa. New channels provided by the ABC and SBS can be received with a digital set top box or digital television. Additional channels from the commercial broadcasters that are available in most other areas of Australia are expected to commence transmission in 2011–2012. Analogue television transmissions will be switched off by 31 December 2013.
Newspapers
The North West Star is a local newspaper which is printed three times per week, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. The Courier-Mail, The Sunday Mail and the Townsville Bulletin are also available.
Climate
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Mount Isa experiences a
The winter or dry season is mild to hot and almost completely rainless with median monthly rainfalls from April to September below 1 mm (0.04 in), though nights can be quite cool and about once every three years a minimum below 0 °C (32 °F) is recorded. On rare occasions winter rain-bearing systems may bring heavy rain for a day or two, such as in June 2007, when 111.8 mm (4.40 in) of rain was recorded; however, such occurrences happen only every 5 years or less. The lowest temperature recorded at Mount Isa is −2.9 °C (26.8 °F) on 7 July 1984 and the hottest is 45.9 °C (114.6 °F) on 29 January 1990. The wettest 24 hour period on record was 213.0 mm (8.39 in) on 15 January 2004.
Climate data for Mount Isa Airport, Queensland, Australia (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present); 340 m AMSL | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 45.9 (114.6) |
43.5 (110.3) |
41.9 (107.4) |
38.6 (101.5) |
37.8 (100.0) |
34.3 (93.7) |
35.2 (95.4) |
36.4 (97.5) |
40.4 (104.7) |
42.5 (108.5) |
43.9 (111.0) |
45.3 (113.5) |
45.9 (114.6) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 40.7 (105.3) |
39.8 (103.6) |
37.7 (99.9) |
35.4 (95.7) |
31.7 (89.1) |
29.2 (84.6) |
29.0 (84.2) |
32.1 (89.8) |
35.9 (96.6) |
39.0 (102.2) |
40.4 (104.7) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 36.5 (97.7) |
35.7 (96.3) |
34.7 (94.5) |
32.5 (90.5) |
28.3 (82.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
25.5 (77.9) |
27.8 (82.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
35.3 (95.5) |
37.0 (98.6) |
37.4 (99.3) |
32.4 (90.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 30.1 (86.2) |
29.4 (84.9) |
28.2 (82.8) |
25.5 (77.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
17.6 (63.7) |
17.1 (62.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.9 (80.4) |
29.2 (84.6) |
30.3 (86.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) |
23.1 (73.6) |
21.6 (70.9) |
18.4 (65.1) |
13.5 (56.3) |
9.9 (49.8) |
8.7 (47.7) |
9.8 (49.6) |
14.1 (57.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
23.2 (73.8) |
17.1 (62.9) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | 20.9 (69.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
18.1 (64.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
4.5 (40.1) |
3.3 (37.9) |
4.5 (40.1) |
8.8 (47.8) |
13.2 (55.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
19.3 (66.7) |
3.3 (37.9) |
Record low °C (°F) | 15.4 (59.7) |
13.1 (55.6) |
13.1 (55.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
1.0 (33.8) |
6.1 (43.0) |
10.3 (50.5) |
12.0 (53.6) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 133.2 (5.24) |
114.6 (4.51) |
65.6 (2.58) |
10.9 (0.43) |
8.0 (0.31) |
9.2 (0.36) |
2.9 (0.11) |
2.3 (0.09) |
8.6 (0.34) |
16.8 (0.66) |
47.8 (1.88) |
82.2 (3.24) |
502.1 (19.75) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.4 | 7.3 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 2.1 | 4.4 | 6.2 | 37.1 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
46.0 | 50.0 | 38.5 | 32.5 | 35.0 | 37.5 | 32.5 | 26.0 | 23.5 | 22.5 | 28.0 | 35.0 | 33.9 |
Average dew point °C (°F) | 16.1 (61.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
12.9 (55.2) |
8.6 (47.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
3.9 (39.0) |
1.4 (34.5) |
0.4 (32.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
3.4 (38.1) |
7.9 (46.2) |
12.1 (53.8) |
7.7 (45.8) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 269.7 | 248.6 | 279.0 | 288.0 | 291.4 | 285.0 | 303.8 | 322.4 | 309.0 | 310.0 | 291.0 | 288.3 | 3,486.2 |
Mean daily sunshine hours | 8.7 | 8.8 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.5 |
Source 1: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (1991–2020 normals)[64]
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Source 2: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (1966–present extremes)[65]
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Notable people
- Bailey Biondi-Odo, rugby league player
- Russell Bawden, rugby league player
- Simon Black, Australian rules footballer[66]
- Charlie Cameron, Australian rules footballer[67]
- Lindy Chamberlain, wrongly imprisoned for the murder of her baby, which was subsequently attributed to dingo attack. Azaria was also born in Mount Isa. In the movie Evil Angels, made about the incident, Mount Isa appears at the beginning scenes of the movie as the hometown of the Chamberlain family.
- the second season of The X Factor
- Peter Crawford, basketball player
- Gerard Denton, cricketer
- Courtenay Dempsey, Australian rules footballer[68]
- Ian Dyk, racing driver
- Nathan Fien, rugby league player
- Karen Foxlee, novelist
- Jamie Goddard, rugby league player
- Coen Hess, rugby league player
- Pat Mackie, union leader (1964/1965 dispute)
- Simmone Jade Mackinnon, actress
- Deborah Mailman, actress
- Tony McGrady, Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland and Mayor of Mount Isa
- Ricardo Moffatti, Paralympic swimmer
- Greg Norman, golfer
- Kalyn Ponga, rugby league player
- Nev Power, corporate executive
- Scott Prince, rugby league player
- Pat Rafter, tennis player
- Bill Sweetenham, Olympic swimming coach[69]
- Carl Webb, rugby league player
- John White, squash player
See also
- Mount Isa Mines
- Mount Isa Murders
- Riversleigh
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- ^ "Mount Isa parkrun - Weekly Free 5km Timed Run". Parkrun. 19 April 2018. Archived from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
- ^ Lake Moondarra Fishing Classic Archived 8 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
- Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
- Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
- ^ Brownlow medalist Simon Black returns to play for New Zealand from AFL New Zealand
- ^ Charlie Cameron reveals how Crows mentor Eddie Betts has shown him the way forward
- ^ From Mt Isa to the MCG By Simon Conway for Essendon FC 25 May 2016
- ^ "Bill Sweetenham: the bloke from Mt Isa saving British swimming". The Sydney Morning Herald. 13 August 2003. Archived from the original on 12 September 2007.