Monte Titano
Mount Titano | |
---|---|
Country high point | |
Coordinates | 43°56′06″N 12°27′00″E / 43.93500°N 12.45000°E |
Geography | |
Location | Apennines |
Europe and North America |
Monte Titano ("Mount Titan")
It was inscribed as a
Straddled on the ridge of Mount Titano is the city of San Marino of the Republic of San Marino, the history of which dates from the early 4th century. According to the legend related to the Mount and its precincts, a small monastery existed on top of the Mount during the 8th century. The mountainous landscape provides excellent views of its surroundings, and its isolated location ensured the needed seclusion for San Marino to survive as a Republic over the past several centuries.[5][6]
Italian people often call the peak Monte Brugola, because of its shape apparently similar to a hex key, if observed from the Po Plain.[7]
The mountain has three peaks; on each is one of
Geography and environment
Monte Titano is located in central
During the
The precincts of Monte Titano and the San Marino city experiences a mild temperate climate; the maximum temperatures reported is of 79 °F (26 °C) in summer while the minimum is 19 °F (−7 °C) in winter. Annual precipitation varies from about 22 inches (560 mm) to 32 inches (800 mm).
Flora and fauna
Set in the Mediterranean zone the vegetation is typical influenced by elevation variations. Numerous trees inhabit the mountain, including
Wildlife is represented by all classes of vertebrates and, given the characteristics of the mountainous territory, birds and mammals are the most common animals. In relation to birds, several can be mentioned such as the kestrel, barn owl, owl, tawny owl, the magpie and buzzards. Common animal life includes roe deer, wild boar, deer, weasels, marten, porcupine, hare, hedgehogs, polecats, badgers and foxes.[6]
Protected area
Since 2008, Monte Titano was allocated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, in tandem with the historic centre of San Marino. The reason given by the Committee refers to "witnessing the continuity of a free republic since Middle Ages".[15] This heritage site include the towers, walls, gates and bastions of the City of San Marino, the Basilica di San Marino of the nineteenth century, some convents of the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries, the eighteenth century Teatro Titano Theatre and the Palazzo Pubblico of the nineteenth century.[15]
Culture
The layout of the Mount Titano presents three peaks, each crowned by ancient towers named Guaita, Cesta and Montale, with triple fortifications that enclose the capital city. Each tower, in turn, has a metal vane fixed on it which is in the shape of an ostrich plume, ("perhaps a pun on the Italian penne, meaning "plumes") which is attributed to the name of the mountains. Those three towers are represented in the coat of arms in the central part of the National Flag (horizontal white and blue) of the country (which has a width to length ratio of 3 to 4). The capital city is set on the western side of Mount Titano.[6][16] An urban network of roads links the fortresses.[9]
References
- ^ a b "Mount Titano" on Peakbagger.com Retrieved 30 September 2011
- ^ Spink & Son (1898). The Numismatic circular (in Italian). Vol. 6–7. p. 531.
- ^ Official Italian 1:25,000 mapping; other sources give slightly higher figures.
- ^ "San Marino Historic Centre and Mount Titano". UNESCO.org. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
- ^ a b "San Marino" (PDF). UNESCO.org. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
- ^ a b c d e f "Travel & Geography: Mount Titano". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
- ^ "Il Ponticello | Monte Titano, il balcone dell'Adriatico" (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ISBN 0-7614-7300-9.
- ^ a b "Geography of San Marino". How Discoveryworks: A Discovery Company. 2008-06-16. Archived from the original on 2011-10-03. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
- ^ a b "Beyond geography". Republic Di Martino: Visitsanmarino.com. Archived from the original on June 17, 2007. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Google Maps (Map). Google.
- ^ Bing Maps (Map). Microsoft and Harris Corporation Earthstar Geographics LLC.
- ^ Scottish geographical magazine, Volumes 39–40, Royal Scottish Geographical Society, (1923)
- ^ Lawley, R. (1880). Selache manzoni n. sp. – Dente fossile délia molassa miocenica del Monte Titano (Repubblica di San Marino). Atti della Società Toscana di Scienze Naturali, 5. pp. 167–172, fig. 1–3.
- ^ a b "San Marino". UNESCO. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
- ^ "Flag of San Marino". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2010-11-03.