Mountain View, California
Mountain View, California | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 06-49670 | | |
GNIS feature IDs | 0277611,[7] 2411186 | |
Sales tax | 9.125%[11] | |
Website | mountainview |
Mountain View is a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States, part of the San Francisco Bay Area. Named for its views of the Santa Cruz Mountains,[12] the population was 82,376 at the 2020 census.[8]
Mountain View was integral to the early history and growth of
.History
This section needs additional citations for verification. (February 2022) |
The fertile land between the Santa Cruz Mountains and the shores of the southern San Francisco Bay once supported multiple villages of the indigenous
The Mexican land grant of Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas was given in 1842 by Alta California Governor Juan Alvarado to Francisco Estrada. This grant was later passed on to Mariano Castro, who sold half of the land to Martin Murphy Jr. Eventually, the former land grant was developed as the cities of Mountain View and Sunnyvale.
The southwest shore of San Francisco Bay was settled by European-Americans in 1852 as a stagecoach station. This was after the United States acquired California. By the early 1900s, it was a shipping point for fruit and grain, as well as a center of religious book publishing.[14]
The early pioneers were commonly buried at the old cemetery between Mercy & Church, off Castro Street. This is now the site of the present city library and park, known as Pioneer Park.
Residents
Reverend Henry Merrill Henderson, born in Maryland, arrived here at age 35 with his family in 1852; he was meeting relatives: the Ricketts and others who had migrated from Missouri and Kentucky. He was the first Baptist minister in town. He soon rode a circuit for preaching, going by horseback to Half-Moon Bay and McCarthysville for services.[citation needed]
Later that year, Seligman Weilheimer and his brother Samuel immigrated from Dossenheim,
William Bubb bought 80 acres (32 ha) to farm in October 1851; he became a leader in town and died there in 1864. His heirs' descendants prospered, marrying into other pioneer families.[citation needed]
Advent of local aerospace and electronics industries
The U.S. Navy's adjacent 1,000-acre (4.0 km2) Moffett Field Complex was constructed beginning after 1931; its development attracted many workers and it brought many economic opportunities. After World War II, the population grew significantly with the development of regional aerospace and electronics industries.[16] Between 1950 and 1960, the population grew from 6,563 to 30,889, an increase of 370.7%.
Between 1929 and 1994,
Current economic climate
Today, high technology is the foundation of the local economy. Few remnants are visible of the city's agricultural past.
In 1990, Kevin Duggan began his position as city manager. He built a relationship with Google, Inc., and issued a long-term lease to it and other technology companies. As of 2014, those leases generate over $5 million per year in city revenue. The Castro Street downtown area also benefited from a special tax district.[17]
In 2016, the city's voters approved a
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.236 square miles (31.69 km2), of which 11.958 square miles (30.97 km2) is land and 0.278 square miles (0.72 km2) (2.26%) is water.[6]
The city borders
Mountain View is located in the south-eastern and south-western section of the San Francisco Peninsula, at the north end of State Route 85, where it meets U.S. Route 101. State Route 82 follows the route of the historic El Camino Real through Mountain View. The city is bounded to the north by the Bay, northeast by Palo Alto, to the south and southwest by Los Altos, and to the east by Sunnyvale and Moffett Federal Airfield.
The Santa Cruz Mountains, the origin of the city's name, lie to the west. This range separates Mountain View from the Pacific Ocean and, together with the Diablo Range to the south-east, form the Santa Clara Valley.
Neighborhoods
Most of Mountain View consists of residential neighborhoods. Business parks are located mostly in the North Shoreline neighborhood, north of Highway 101.
The Blossom Valley neighborhood comprises five smaller neighborhoods: Springer Meadows, Varsity Park, Blossom Valley Estates, Springer Trees, and Gest Ranch subdivision known as Miramonte Oaks which borders Los Altos. This would be one of the more exclusive areas, this development was built in 1963 to about 1965. The other neighborhood's ranch-style housing were built in the 1950s and 1960s on orchard land.[20]
The Cuernavaca neighborhood is located off Crestview Drive near the Sunnyvale border. This neighborhood used to be the location of a cherry orchard, and later a nine-hole golf course and swim club before it was turned into housing, which was completed in 1989.[21] Most of the housing in Cuernavaca is Spanish-style, with red tiled roofs.[21]
The Monta Loma neighborhood is located between the bounds of San Antonio Road, Middlefield Road, Rengstorff Avenue and Central Expressway.[22] Currently Monta Loma houses a collection of California-style mid-century modern houses by Joseph Eichler, John Calder Mackay, and Mardell Building Company.[22]
Hazardous waste
Due to its history as a center for semiconductor manufacturing, Mountain View has seven sites on the
Climate
Mountain View has a
Climate data for Moffett Federal Airfield, Mountain View, California | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 77 (25) |
84 (29) |
85 (29) |
98 (37) |
100 (38) |
107 (42) |
105 (41) |
101 (38) |
105 (41) |
100 (38) |
89 (32) |
75 (24) |
107 (42) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 59.0 (15.0) |
61.8 (16.6) |
65.0 (18.3) |
68.0 (20.0) |
71.7 (22.1) |
75.9 (24.4) |
76.9 (24.9) |
76.9 (24.9) |
77.7 (25.4) |
74.1 (23.4) |
65.5 (18.6) |
58.9 (14.9) |
69.3 (20.7) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 50.7 (10.4) |
53.1 (11.7) |
55.8 (13.2) |
58.4 (14.7) |
62.1 (16.7) |
65.8 (18.8) |
67.7 (19.8) |
68.0 (20.0) |
67.5 (19.7) |
63.6 (17.6) |
55.9 (13.3) |
50.5 (10.3) |
59.9 (15.5) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 42.2 (5.7) |
44.5 (6.9) |
46.7 (8.2) |
48.9 (9.4) |
52.5 (11.4) |
55.7 (13.2) |
58.5 (14.7) |
59.0 (15.0) |
57.3 (14.1) |
53.1 (11.7) |
46.3 (7.9) |
42.1 (5.6) |
50.6 (10.3) |
Record low °F (°C) | 21 (−6) |
20 (−7) |
22 (−6) |
31 (−1) |
33 (1) |
40 (4) |
43 (6) |
44 (7) |
37 (3) |
34 (1) |
26 (−3) |
20 (−7) |
20 (−7) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.06 (78) |
3.31 (84) |
2.49 (63) |
0.98 (25) |
0.48 (12) |
0.09 (2.3) |
0 (0) |
0.03 (0.76) |
0.15 (3.8) |
0.76 (19) |
1.96 (50) |
2.95 (75) |
16.26 (412.86) |
Average precipitation days | 10 | 10.5 | 9.6 | 5.2 | 2.6 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 4.1 | 8.3 | 11.1 | 63.9 |
Source 1: [25] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: [26] |
Economy
Mountain View is one of the major cities that make up Silicon Valley, and has many notable Silicon Valley companies either headquartered there or with a large presence. As of 2024, major tech companies such as Google[27] and Intuit[28] were headquartered in Mountain View.[29]
After voting to increase the minimum wage incrementally in 2015, in December 2017, the Mountain View City Council implemented a mandatory $15 minimum wage, to apply to employees who work two or more hours a week.[30] At the start of 2018, Mountain View raised its minimum wage to $15.[31] Starting on January 1, 2019, the minimum wage was to be "adjusted annually based on the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose regional Consumer Price Index."[30] A proposal to slow down the rate of the wage increases by a year[32][33] was defeated in a City Council meeting on December 4, 2018.[34] Subsequently, on December 30, 2018, it was announced that Mountain View's minimum wage would rise to $15.65 on January 1, 2019, with the increase delayed by one year for companies with 25 or fewer employees.[35] As of January 2024, the minimum wage in Mountain View is $18.75 per hour.[36]
Top employers
According to the city's 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,[37] the largest employers in the city are:
# | Employer | # of Employees | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Google/Alphabet | 30,600 | 22.8% |
2 | El Camino Hospital | 3,200 | 2.4% |
3 | Intuit | 3,060 | 2.3% |
4 | 2,500 | 1.9% | |
5 | Microsoft | 2,300 | 1.7% |
6 | Pure Storage | 1,600 | 1.2% |
7 | Nuro | 1,000 | 0.7% |
8 | Waymo | 900 | 0.7% |
9 | Synopsys | 900 | 0.7% |
10 | Mountain View Whisman School District | 600 | 0.4% |
— | Total employers | 46,660 | 34.8% |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 250 | — | |
1930 | 3,308 | — | |
1940 | 3,946 | 19.3% | |
1950 | 6,563 | 66.3% | |
1960 | 30,889 | 370.7% | |
1970 | 54,132 | 75.2% | |
1980 | 58,655 | 8.4% | |
1990 | 67,460 | 15.0% | |
2000 | 70,708 | 4.8% | |
2010 | 74,066 | 4.7% | |
2020 | 82,376 | 11.2% | |
2022 (est.) | 81,059 | [9] | −1.6% |
U.S. Decennial Census[38] 2020 Census[8] |
2020 census
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[39] | Pop 2010[40] | Pop 2020[41] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
39,029 | 34,052 | 33,008 | 55.20% | 45.98% | 40.07% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
1,674 | 1,468 | 1,155 | 2.37% | 1.98% | 1.40% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
164 | 116 | 101 | 0.23% | 0.16% | 0.12% |
Asian alone (NH) | 14,513 | 19,064 | 28,760 | 20.53% | 25.74% | 34.91% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 160 | 372 | 215 | 0.23% | 0.50% | 0.26% |
Other race alone (NH) | 221 | 241 | 557 | 0.31% | 0.33% | 0.68% |
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 2,036 | 2,682 | 4,374 | 2.88% | 3.62% | 5.31% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 12,911 | 16,071 | 14,206 | 18.26% | 21.70% | 17.25% |
Total | 70,708 | 74,066 | 82,376 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the 2020 census, there were 82,376 people and 34,423 households, and 19,585 families residing in the city.[42] The population density was 6,888.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,659.8/km2) There were 37,295 housing units.
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Mountain View had an unemployment rate of 5.0% in August 2013.[43] It had a female population of 47.8 percent and a male population of 52.2 percent. Persons under five were 6.4 percent, persons under 18 were 20.3 percent, and persons aged 65 and older were 11.1 percent in 2020. In 2022, 5.4 percent of people in Mountain View were living below the poverty line. Of the citizens over the age of sixteen, 72.9 percent were employed in the labor force, while 27.1 percent were not.
2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 74,066 people, _ households, and _ families residing in the city. The population density was 6,174.6 inhabitants per square mile (2,384.0/km2). There were 34,136 housing units.[citation needed]
145 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 120 (0.2%) were institutionalized. There were 31,957 households, out of which 8,731 (27.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 13,806 (43.2%) were
According to the Santa Clara County Homeless Census and Survey, the number of homeless individuals in Mountain View increased 51% from 2015 to 2017, with 276 homeless individuals in 2015, and 416 in 2017.[44] In August 2017, the Mercury News reported that Mountain View had seen RVs and recreational vehicles become the choice of residence for many working poor in the city. The city's communications coordinator called it a "new" situation, noting that many of the residents living in RVs were working up to three jobs, and that affordable housing was hard to come by in the city.[44] In December 2017, Google received approval to build nearly 10,000 new units of housing near its future campus in the city.[27]
2000 census
As of the
There were 31,242 households, out of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 49.1% were non-families. 35.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 18.0% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 43.4% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $69,362, and the median income for a family was $80,379. Males had a median income of $64,585 versus $44,358 for females. The
Arts and culture
Points of interest
Downtown
Mountain View has a pedestrian-friendly downtown centered on Castro Street. The downtown area consists of the seven blocks of Castro Street from the
Four blocks with a concentration of restaurants, cafes, and shops extend south from the downtown station. The Michelin Guide-starred restaurant Chez TJ is located a block from Castro Street on Villa Street. Tied House, located next door, was one of the first brewpubs in the Bay Area, and was a popular stop in downtown until it closed in 2019.[45]
The core of downtown is the plaza shared by City Hall, the Mountain View Center for the Performing Arts (MVCPA) and the Mountain View Public Library. The plaza is used for many community gatherings and events, and features a collection of public art. Peninsula Youth Theatre and TheatreWorks are among the home companies of the MVCPA.[46] The City Hall and MVCPA complex, designed by William Turnbull of San Francisco, opened in 1991.[47] Behind those buildings is Pioneer Park, formerly the site of Mountain View's first cemetery.[48]
The Mountain View Police Department is located two blocks away from Castro Street on Villa Street.[49]
Since 1971, the city has held the annual Mountain View Art & Wine Festival on Castro Street by closing down the street to traffic for two days. There is a farmers' market in the Caltrain parking lot every Sunday morning. Every summer, once a month, the city celebrates Thursday Night Live by closing off Castro street to cars and providing live music events and car shows on Castro Street.
The entire length of El Camino in Mountain View is a low-density commercial area.[citation needed]
Buildings
The Computer History Museum has a collection of computing artifacts.
The
Moffett Field is a joint civil-military federal airfield located between northern Mountain View and northern Sunnyvale, California. It is home to the Air National Guard. Its hangars for blimps and rigid airships (now mostly vacant) make unique landmarks for motorists on Highway 101.
The Mountain View Adobe, a small events center on Moffett Boulevard, is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
Seminary
Library
Mountain View has one central public library, the Mountain View Public Library, which has video, music, books, and access to the Internet. The library provides outreach services through the bookmobile and S.O.S. volunteer program to those in Mountain View who are unable to come to the main branch. The building was built in 1997. The second floor of the library has a special collection in a room devoted to the history of Mountain View, which features a portrait of Crisanto Castro, for whom the major downtown thoroughfare is named.[52] Displayed outside the library is a piece of the Berlin Wall, installed in 2013.[53]
Parks and recreation
The largest park in the city is
Stevens Creek runs through Mountain View from the south and empties into the Bay in Shoreline Park. A paved pedestrian and bicycle path, the Stevens Creek Trail, runs alongside the creek for nearly its entire distance in Mountain View. Stevens Creek is home to coyotes, gray foxes, black-tailed deer, butterflies, dragonflies, and 150 species of birds,[54] as well as shorebirds that feed in the mudflat. The shorebirds can be seen at low tide.[55]
Other parks include:
- Eagle Park, which holds a public swimming pool, dog-friendly lawn, and World War II memorial[56]
- Cuesta Park, a sprawling park with tennis courts, barbecue areas, and playgrounds, near El Camino Hospital and the YMCA
- Rengstorff Park, home to a public swimming pool, community center, skate park, fenced dog park, and multiple playgrounds and picnic areas
- Charleston Park, a five-acre park located near the Googleplex. The park was designed by SWA Group who received an ASLA Centennial Medallion in 1999 for their work.[57]
Government
Mountain View has a
State and federal representatives
In the
City council
Mountain View is represented by a 7-member council elected at-large. The mayor is a council member appointed by their peers each year.[61] The City Council maintains a number of Council Advisory Bodies Archived October 8, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, which provide input on a range of city matters pertaining to development, land use and historical preservation.
Education
Public
The public elementary (Bubb, Castro, Imai, Landels,
Mountain View taxed a large portion of its most valuable commercial and industrial properties in the Shoreline Regional Park Community at very low relative levels, and until the creation of a joint-powers agreement (JPA) in 2006, none of those property taxes reached the local schools. After the creation of the JPA, the Shoreline Regional Park Community shared less than $1 million per year with the elementary and high school districts.[64][65]
In 2008, a citizen-supported parcel tax, largely aimed at reducing class sizes, was renewed in an overwhelmingly positive vote.[66] The current ratio of students to full-time-equivalent teachers in the Mountain View public elementary schools is 20.4 : 1.[67]
Private
Notable private schools in Mountain View include:
Media
The
Infrastructure
Roads
Public transportation
The
Rail service
Mountain View is served by the
The city is also served by the
Bus service
MVgo is a free shuttle service that runs three routes throughout Mountain View beginning and ending at Downtown Mountain View Station during morning and evening commute hours. Many large local employers (including
VTA operates several regularly scheduled routes within the city, including Routes 21, 22/522, 40, 51, and 52. VTA also has a bus yard in Mountain View, near Shoreline Blvd and US-101.
Air travel
The nearest major commercial airport is
Utilities
Power in the city is operated by Pacific Gas and Electric Company.[71]
The city is one of the region's largest users of Recycled Water, mostly for landscaping in the area North of US-101 covering Shoreline Park and the Google campus. Mountain View uses about 460,000 gallons of recycled water daily, with plans to expand that usage to up to 1.4 million gallons each day.[72]
On August 16, 2006, after over a year of test deployments, Google announced that its implementation of free IEEE 802.11g wireless service for all of the city was fully operational.[73]
On February 19, 2014, the City of Mountain View and Google announced a new connectivity plan for residents, to replace the existing system. Service was to be available along the downtown corridor of Mountain View, primarily on Castro Street. Other areas to be covered included Rengstorff Park, the Mountain View Public Library, Senior, Community, and Teen Centers.[74]
Public safety
The Mountain View Fire Department maintains five stations, and is responsible for fire protection and emergency medical services.[75][76][77]
The Mountain View Police Department maintains patrol, traffic enforcement, detective, K9 and SWAT services for the city,[78][79][80] and participates in several task forces,[81] including the Regional Allied Computer Crime Task Force (REACT) and the Regional Auto Theft Task Force (RAATF).[82]
Sister cities
The Mountain View Sister City Affiliation was incorporated in 1974 as an independent non-profit governed by a board of directors. Mountain View is affiliated with the cities of
- Iwata, Shizuoka, Japan
- Hasselt, Belgium
The rock garden in Pioneer Park was a gift from the sister city of Iwata to celebrate the completion of Mountain View's City Hall building.[83][84] The rock garden is located near the Mountain View Public Library.
Notable people
Business
- Steve Jobs, technology entrepreneur, co-founder and CEO of Apple, lived in Mountain View during his childhood[85]
- Salman Khan, Khan Academy online educator, resides in Mountain View[86]
- Jan Koum, CEO and co-founder of WhatsApp, grew up in Mountain View
Entertainment
- Alex Brightman, actor and singer
- Academy Award for Best Art Direction nominee[87]
- Laura Chavez, blues, soul, and rhythm and blues guitarist, songwriter and record producer[88]
- Entourage[89]
- Kurt Kuenne, filmmaker and composer best known for the documentary Dear Zachary: A Letter to a Son About His Father[90]
Media
- Dave Finocchio, co-founder of Bleacher Report[91]
- Doris Gates, author and librarian[92]
- Edward Michael Keating (1925–2003), American publisher, journalist, lawyer; founder of Ramparts, member of the New Left movement.[93]
- Jose Antonio Vargas, journalist, filmmaker, immigration rights activist, and namesake of new Mountain View elementary school[94]
- Andy Weir, wrote The Martian book and eventual film, while living in Mountain View
Politicians
Sports
- Jabri Abdur-Rahim, college basketball player for the Georgia Bulldogs
- Tully Banta-Cain, two-time Super Bowl champion[96]
- Josh Cohen, professional soccer player
- Brandon Crawford, professional baseball player in MLB, played for the San Francisco Giants[97]
- Paula Creamer, professional golfer and formerly Women's World Golf Rankings number two player[98]
- Dan Green, powerlifter, world record holder in 220 and 242 lbs weight classes[99]
- Mark Keil, five-time ATP tennis doubles champion
- Mark Leonard, former left fielder for the San Francisco Giants and Baltimore Orioles
- Adam Peters, football scout and executive[100]
- 500cc Road Racing World Champion[101]
- Bianca Sierra, player for Mexico women's national football team
See also
- Timeline of Mountain View, California
- St. Joseph's Seminary (Mountain View, California)
References
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