Multimodal transport
Multimodal transport (also known as combined transport) is the
Article 1.1. of the United Nations Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Goods (Geneva, 24 May 1980) (which will only enter into force 12 months after 30 countries ratify; as of May 2019, only 6 countries have ratified the treaty[1]) defines multimodal transport as follows: "'International multimodal transport' means the carriage of goods by at least two different modes of transport on the basis of a multimodal transport contract from a place in one country at which the goods are taken in charge by the multimodal transport operator to a place designated for delivery situated in a different country".[2]
Overview
In practice,
Multimodal transport developed in connection with the "container revolution" of the 1960s and 1970s; as of 2011, containerized transports are by far the most important multimodal consignments. However, it is important to remember that multimodal transport is not equivalent to container transport; multimodal transport is feasible without any form of container. The MTO works on behalf of the supplier; it assures the supplier (and the buyer) that their goods will be effectively managed and supplied.
Research
Influence of container on multimodalism
Multimodal transport research is being conducted across a wide range of government, commercial and academic centers. The
Legal aspects
From a legal standpoint, multimodal transport creates several problems. Unimodal transports are currently governed by different, often-mandatory
See also
References
- ^ "United Nations Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Goods". treaties.un.org. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
- ^ United Nations Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Goods (Geneva, 24 May 1980)
- ^ Testimony of Peter H. Appel RITA Administrator Archived 2014-12-06 at the Wayback Machine, U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation, November 19, 2009.
- ^ http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2018-2020/main/h2020-wp1820-transport_en.pdf Horizon 2020 Work Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport (European Commission Decision C(2017)7124 of 27 October 2017).
- ^ http://www.coreproject.eu/ Archived 2023-03-13 at the Wayback Machine - technologies for optimising and increasing resilience in multimodal supply chains.
- ^ https://www.mjc2.com/synchronet.htm – synchro-modal optimisation of supply chains.
Further reading
- De Wit, Ralph, Multimodal transport: carrier liability and documentation. Lloyd's of London Press, 1995.