Music manuscript

Music manuscripts are

musical works

.

Earliest music manuscripts

The earliest written sources of Western European music can be found in medieval manuscripts of the late 9th century that contain liturgical texts.^[1] Above these texts small symbols (neumes) indicated the shape of the melodic lines. Only a few manuscripts survive from that time. New systems were devised over the centuries.^[2]

Preparation of manuscripts and copying of music

In the past, each composer was required to draw their own staff lines (staves) onto blank paper. Eventually, staff paper was manufactured pre-printed with staves as a labor-saving technique. The composer could then compose music directly onto the lines in pencil or ink.

Until the arrival of more modern methods, music (unless

printed) had to be written by hand. For larger scale works, a copyist

was often employed to hand-copy individual parts (for each musician) from a composer's musical score.

With the advent of the personal computer in the late 1980s and beyond, music typesetting could now be accomplished by a

Sibelius

, which has reduced the necessity of music manuscripts.

References

^ Willi Apel, The Notation of Polyphonic Music, 5th ed. (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Medieval Academy of America, 1961).^{[page needed]}
^ Geoffrey Chew and Richard Rastall, " Mensural notation from 1500" (Notation, §III, History of Western Notation, 4), New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, rev. ed., 2001.

External links

Choral Public Domain Library Free downloadable sheet choral music
Petrucci Music Library Free downloadable sheet music and scans of early editions
Répertoire International des Sources Musicales, free online database to search for current locations of thousands of music manuscripts from around the world

[1] Willi Apel, The Notation of Polyphonic Music, 5th ed. (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Medieval Academy of America, 1961).^{[page needed]}

[2] Geoffrey Chew and Richard Rastall, " Mensural notation from 1500" (Notation, §III, History of Western Notation, 4), New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, rev. ed., 2001.

[1]

[2]

Earliest music manuscripts

Preparation of manuscripts and copying of music

See also

References

External links