Musical ensemble
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A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform
In jazz ensembles or combos, the instruments typically include wind instruments (one or more saxophones, trumpets, etc.), one or two chordal "comping" instruments (electric guitar, acoustic guitar, piano, or Hammond organ), a bass instrument (bass guitar or double bass), and a drummer or percussionist. Jazz ensembles may be solely instrumental, or they may consist of a group of instruments accompanying one or more singers. In rock and pop ensembles, usually called rock bands or pop bands, there are usually guitars and keyboards (piano, electric piano, Hammond organ, synthesizer, etc.), one or more singers, and a rhythm section made up of a bass guitar and drum kit.
Music ensembles typically have a leader. In jazz bands, rock and pop groups, and similar ensembles, this is the
Classical chamber music
In Western classical music, smaller ensembles are called
Four parts
Strings
A string quartet consists of two violins, a viola, and a cello. There is a vast body of music written for string quartets, making it an important genre in classical music.
Wind
A woodwind quartet usually features a
Five parts
The string quintet is a common type of group. It is similar to the string quartet, but with an additional viola, cello, or more rarely, the addition of a double bass. Terms such as "piano quintet" or "clarinet quintet" frequently refer to a string quartet plus a fifth instrument. Mozart's Clarinet Quintet is similarly a piece written for an ensemble consisting of two violins, a viola, a cello, and a clarinet, the last being the exceptional addition to a "normal" string quartet.[citation needed]
Some other quintets in classical music are the wind quintet, usually consisting of flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and horn; the brass quintet, consisting of two trumpets, one horn, a trombone, and a tuba; and the reed quintet, consisting of an oboe, a soprano clarinet, a saxophone, a bass clarinet, and a bassoon.[1]
Six or more instruments
Classical chamber ensembles of six (sextet), seven (septet), or eight musicians (octet) are fairly common; the use of latinate terms for larger groups is rare, except for the nonet (nine musicians). In most cases, a larger classical group is referred to as an orchestra of some type or a concert band. A small orchestra with fifteen to thirty members (violins, violas, four cellos, two or three double basses, and several woodwind or brass instruments) is called a
A pops orchestra is an orchestra that mainly performs light classical music (often in abbreviated, simplified arrangements) and orchestral arrangements and medleys of popular jazz, music theater, or pop music songs.[clarification needed] A string orchestra has only string instruments, i.e., violins, violas, cellos, and double basses.
A
A concert band is a large classical ensemble generally made up of between 40 and 70 musicians from the woodwind, brass, and percussion families, along with the double bass. The concert band has a larger number and variety of wind instruments than the symphony orchestra but does not have a string section (although a single double bass is common in concert bands). The woodwind section of a concert band consists of piccolo, flutes, oboes (one doubling English horn), bassoons (one doubling contrabassoon), soprano clarinets (one doubling E♭ clarinet, one doubling alto clarinet), bass clarinets (one doubling contrabass clarinet or contra-alto clarinet), alto saxophones (one doubling soprano saxophone), tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. The brass section consists of horns, trumpets or cornets, trombones, euphoniums, and tubas. The percussion section consists of the timpani, bass drum, snare drum, and any other percussion instruments called for in a score (e.g., triangle, glockenspiel, chimes, cymbals, wood blocks, etc.).
When orchestras perform
Vocal group
A vocal group is a performing ensemble of
Vocal groups can come in several different forms, including:[4]
Based on genders
- Boy band – vocal group consisting of (young) males
- Girl group – vocal group consisting of (young) females
- Co-ed group – vocal group consisting of both males and females, typically in their teens or early twenties
Based on project type
- Sub-unit – a group that is descended from the main group, with smaller number of members. Usually, all the members are from the main group. [5][6][7]
- Supergroup – a musical group formed with members who are already successful as solo artists or as members of other successful groups.
Others
- Choir – a group of voices. By analogy, sometimes a group of similar instruments in a symphony orchestra is referred to as a choir. For example, the woodwind instruments of a symphony orchestra could be called the woodwind choir.
- Doo-wop group
- )
- close-harmonyvocal group
- Gospel quartet
Other western musical ensembles
A group that plays
Other band types include:
- Brass bands: groups consisting of around 30 brass and percussion players;
- Jug bands;
- Mexican Mariachi groups typically consist of at least two violins, two trumpets, one Spanish guitar, one vihuela (a high-pitched, five-string guitar), and one Guitarrón (a Mexican acoustic bass that is roughly guitar-shaped), and one or more singers.
- Mexican banda groups
- Marching bands and military bands, dating back to the Ottoman military bands.
- String bands
Role of women
Women have a high prominence in many popular music styles as singers. However, professional women instrumentalists are uncommon in popular music, especially in rock genres such as heavy metal. "[P]laying in a band is largely a male homosocial activity, that is, learning to play in a band is largely a peer-based... experience, shaped by existing sex-segregated friendship networks."[8] As well, rock music "...is often defined as a form of male rebellion vis-à-vis female bedroom culture."[9] In popular music, there has been a gendered "distinction between public (male) and private (female) participation" in music.[9] "[S]everal scholars have argued that men exclude women from bands or the bands' rehearsals, recordings, performances, and other social activities."[10] "Women are mainly regarded as passive and private consumers of allegedly slick, prefabricated – hence, inferior – pop music..., excluding them from participating as high-status rock musicians."[10] One of the reasons that there are rarely mixed gender bands is that "bands operate as tight-knit units in which homosocial solidarity – social bonds between people of the same sex... – plays a crucial role."[10] In the 1960s pop music scene, "[s]inging was sometimes an acceptable pastime for a girl, but playing an instrument...simply wasn't done."[11]
"The rebellion of rock music was largely a male rebellion; the women—often, in the 1950s and '60s, girls in their teens—in rock usually sang songs as personæ utterly dependent on their macho boyfriends..."
See also
- Band (rock and pop)
- All-female band
- Boy band
- Girl group
- Pop duo
- Live band karaoke
- Music industry
- Percussion ensemble
- Musical collective
References
- ^ Thompson, Kristine (April 2021). "Blending the old and the new: the Sequoia Reed Quintet". Eastman Centennial. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ISBN 0-684-15535-4.
- ISBN 9780634099786.
- ^ Chilton, Martin (2022-08-03). "Pitch Perfect: A History Of Vocal Groups". uDiscover Music. Retrieved 2022-11-28.
- ^ Anoc, Aimee. "What is a sub-unit in K-pop and why is this a buzzword online?". www.gmanetwork.com. Retrieved 2024-02-13.
- ^ "8 K-Pop Sub-Units So Brilliant That We Want More". Soompi. 2022-07-03. Retrieved 2024-02-13.
- ^ "History of K-Pop: Sub-Units". The Kraze. 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2024-02-13.
- .
- ^ .
- ^ .
- ^ White, Erika (2015-01-28). "Music History Primer: 3 Pioneering Female Songwriters of the '60s". REBEAT Magazine. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- ISSN 0300-7766.
- ^ a b c
Auslander, Philip (28 January 2004). "I Wanna Be Your Man: Suzi Quatro's musical androgyny" (PDF). Popular Music. 23 (1). United Kingdom: S2CID 191508078. Archived from the original(PDF) on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
- ^ a b Brake, Mike (1990). "Heavy Metal Culture, Masculinity and Iconography". In Frith, Simon; Goodwin, Andrew (eds.). On Record: Rock, Pop and the Written Word. Routledge. pp. 87–91.
- ^ Walser, Robert (1993). Running with the Devil:Power, Gender and Madness in Heavy Metal Music. Wesleyan University Press. p. 76.
- ^ Eddy, Chuck (1 July 2011). "Women of Metal". Spin. SpinMedia Group.
- ^ Kelly, Kim (17 January 2013). "Queens of noise: heavy metal encourages heavy-hitting women". The Telegraph.
External links
- "Music". NYPL Digital Gallery.
- Bands and Musician Listing
- Vivre Musicale Archived 2021-04-15 at the Wayback Machine
- Encyclopedia of Music in Canada . Historica Canada. Retrieved August 19, 2019.