Mutasarrif
Mutasarrif, mutesarrif, mutasarriff, or mutesarriff (
The administrative district under his authority, the mutasarrifate (mutasarriflık),[clarification needed] was officially called a sanjak (سنجاق) in Turkish or liwa (لواء) in Arabic and Persian.[2][4] A mutasarrif was subordinate to a wali or governor-general of a province, while being of superior rank to a kaymakam.[2][5]
Etymology
Ottoman Turkish mutasarrıf is derived from the Arabic mutaṣarrif, meaning provincial governor.[6] Mutaṣarrif is the active participle of taṣarrafa, meaning "to act without restriction", "have the right of disposing (over somebody or something)".[6]
History
This administrative unit was sometimes independent (e.g.,
"This small political unit was governed by a non-Lebanese Ottoman Christian subject and given the protection of European powers. The religious communities of the district were represented by a council that dealt directly with the governor. This system provided peace and prosperity until its abolition."[9]
The mutassarifates of the Ottoman Empire included:
- Mutasarrifate of Mount Lebanon(formed 1861)
- Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem (formed 1872)
- Mutasarrifate of Karak (formed 1894/5)[10]
- Mutasarrifate of Izmit
See also
- Mutesellim
- State organization of the Ottoman Empire
- Subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire
References
- ^ Mutesarrif. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
- ^ a b c "Mutesarrif". Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (6th ed.). 1905–1909. Retrieved 11 February 2022 – via de-academic.com.
- ISBN 978-1351031288. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
- ^ Meyers (1905–1909), Liwâ.
- ^ Meyers (1905–1909), Kaimakam.
- ^ a b lexico.com, mutasarrif. Accessed 11 Feb 2022.
- ^ Üngör, Uğur Ü. (June 2005). A Reign of Terror, Master's thesis, University of Amsterdam, p. 21. Archived 2006-11-28 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Benedict, Peter (1974). Ula: An Anatolian Town. p. 85.
- ^ A History of the modern middle east Cleveland and Buntin p.84
- ^ Rogan, E.L. Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850-1921. Cambridge University Press. p55.