NASA Astronaut Group 15

The Flying Escargot
The Flying Escargot
	The astronauts of Group 15
Year selected	1994
Number selected	23
	← 1992 1996 →

NASA Astronaut Group 15 ("The Flying Escargot") was a group of 23

pilots, nine mission specialists, and four international mission specialist trainees from France,^[4]^[5]^[6] Canada^[7] and Japan.^[7]

Three members of this group, Rick Husband, Michael P. Anderson, and Kalpana Chawla, died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.^[8] These three received the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.^[9]^[10]^[11]

Another member of the group Pamela Melroy, currently serves as Deputy Administrator of NASA, taking office on June 21, 2021, having been appointed by US President Joe Biden.^[12]

Pilots

Scott Altman^[13]
- Pilot, STS-90 Columbia^[14] (Neurolab)
- Pilot, STS-106 Atlantis^[15]
- Commander, STS-109 Columbia^[16]
- Commander, STS-125 Atlantis^[17]
Jeffrey Ashby^[18]
- Pilot, STS-93 Columbia^[19]
- Pilot, STS-100 Endeavour^[20]
- Commander, STS-112 Atlantis^[21]
Michael Bloomfield^[22]
- Pilot, STS-86 Atlantis^[23]
- Pilot, STS-97 Endeavour^[24]
- Commander, STS-110 Atlantis^[25]
Joe F. Edwards, Jr.^[26]
- Pilot, STS-89 Endeavour^[27]
Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie^[28]
- Pilot, STS-91 Discovery^[29]
- Pilot, STS-99 Endeavour^[30]
- Commander, STS-108 Endeavour^[31]
- Commander, STS-123 Endeavour^[32]
Rick Husband^[9]
- Pilot, STS-96 Discovery^[33]
- Commander, STS-107 Columbia†^[34]
Steven Lindsey^[35]
- Pilot, STS-87 Columbia^[36]
- Pilot, STS-95 Discovery^[37]
- Commander, STS-104 Atlantis^[21]
- Commander, STS-121 Discovery^[38]
- Commander, STS-133 Discovery^[39]
Pamela Melroy^[40]
- Pilot, STS-92 Discovery^[41]
- Pilot, STS-112 Atlantis^[42]
- Commander, STS-120 Discovery^[43]
Susan L. Still-Kilrain^[44]
- Pilot, STS-83 Columbia^[45]
- Pilot, STS-94 Columbia^[46]
Frederick Sturckow^[47]
- Pilot, STS-88 Endeavour^[48]
- Pilot, STS-105 Discovery^[49]
- Commander, STS-117 Atlantis^[50]
- Commander, STS-128 Discovery^[51]

Mission Specialists

Michael P. Anderson^[10]
- Mission Specialist, STS-89 Endeavour^[27]
- Mission Specialist, STS-107 Columbia†^[34]
Kalpana Chawla^[11]
- Mission Specialist, STS-87 Columbia^[36]
- Mission Specialist, STS-107 Columbia†^[34]
Robert Curbeam^[52]
- Mission Specialist, STS-85 Discovery^[53]
- Mission Specialist, STS-98 Atlantis^[54]
- Mission Specialist, STS-116 Discovery^[55]
Kathryn Hire^[56]
- Mission Specialist, STS-90 Columbia^[14]
- Mission Specialist, STS-130 Endeavour^[57]
Janet Kavandi^[58]
Edward Tsang Lu^[59]
- Mission Specialist, STS-84 Atlantis^[60]
- Mission Specialist, STS-104 Atlantis^[21]
- Flight Engineer, Soyuz TMA-2^[61]
- Flight Engineer, Expedition 7^[61]
Carlos I. Noriega^[62]
- Mission Specialist, STS-84 Atlantis^[60]
- Mission Specialist, STS-97 Endeavour^[24]
James F. Reilly^[63]
Stephen Robinson^[64]

International mission specialists

Jean-Loup Chrétien (France)^[7]
- Research Cosmonaut, Soyuz T-6^[66]^: 49(64)
- Research Cosmonaut,
  Mir Aragatz
  )
- Mission Specialist, STS-86 Atlantis ^[23]
Takao Doi (Japan)^[67]
- Mission Specialist, STS-87 Columbia^[36]
- Mission Specialist, STS-123 Endeavour^[32]
Michel Tognini (France)^[7]
- Research Cosmonaut, Soyuz TM-15/TM-14^[66]^{: 57-58(72-73)}
- Mission Specialist, STS-93 Columbia^[19]
Dafydd Williams (Canada)^[68]
- Mission Specialist, STS-90 Columbia^[14]
- Mission Specialist, STS-118 Endeavour^[69]

References

^ Hess, Mark; Campion, Ed; Herring, Kyle (8 December 1994). "1995 Astronaut Candidates Selected" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
Newspapers.com
.

^ "T-shirt, Class of '95, Shuttle (Melroy)". National Air and Space Museum. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Rahn, Debbie; Buckingham, Bruce; Herring, Kyle (12 September 1997). "97-199: Atlantis' Sveneth Mission to Mir Set for Sept. 25" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.

^ McCarter, Jennifer; Hawley, Eileen M. (13 November 1997). "H97-263: Tognini Named to STS-93 Crew" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Rahn, Debbie; Herring, Kyle (13 January 1995). "95-003: Two International Candidates to Join 1995 Astronaut Class" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ "President Biden nominates former astronaut Pamela Melroy for NASA deputy administrator". Space.com. 16 April 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b ^c Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-90". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-106". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (16 February 2010). "STS-109". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

^ Kauderer, Amiko (30 September 2009). "STS-125". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-93". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-100". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-104". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (26 October 2010). "STS-86". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-97". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (16 February 2010). "STS-110". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b ^c Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-89". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-91". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (12 February 2010). "STS-99". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-108". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Nevills, Amiko (8 April 2008). "STS-125". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-96". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b ^c Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-107". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b ^c Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-87". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-95". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ "STS-121". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Kauderer, Amiko (15 March 2011). "STS-133". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-92". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-112". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ Jeanne, Ryba (2 April 2008). "STS-120". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-83". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-94". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (10 February 2011). "STS-88". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-105". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b "STS-117". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Kauderer, Amiko (23 September 2009). "STS-128". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-85". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-98". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^ "STS-116". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Kauderer, Amiko (1 March 2010). "STS-130". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ ^a ^b Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-84". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-114". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

^
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ "Takao Doi, Ph.D." Biographies. JAXA. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ "Biography of Dr. Dafydd (Dave) Rhys Williams". Astronauts. Canadian Space Agency. 1 March 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

^ "STS-118". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

External links

v
t
e
NASA Astronaut Group 15, "The Flying Escargot", 1994
NASA Astronaut Group 14 ← NASA Astronaut Group 15 → NASA Astronaut Group 16
Pilots and commanders

Scott Altman

Jeffrey Ashby

Michael Bloomfield

Joe Edwards

Dominic Pudwill Gorie

Rick Husband

Steven Lindsey

Pamela Melroy

Susan Still-Kilrain

Frederick Sturckow

Mission specialists

Michael Anderson

Kalpana Chawla

Robert Curbeam

Kathryn Hire

Janet Kavandi

Edward Tsang Lu

Carlos Noriega

James Reilly

Stephen Robinson

International mission specialists

Jean-Loup Chrétien (France)

Takao Doi (Japan)

Michel Tognini (France)

Dafydd Williams (Canada)

v
t
e

NASA Astronaut Groups

NASA Astronaut Corps

Groups

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

Related

List of astronauts by year of selection

Astronaut ranks and positions

List of United States Marine Corps astronauts

List of United States Space Force astronauts

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NASA_Astronaut_Group_15&oldid=1208680029"

[release_94-205-1] Hess, Mark; Campion, Ed; Herring, Kyle (8 December 1994). "1995 Astronaut Candidates Selected" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.

[ap-1994-12-09-2] Newspapers.com
.

[t-shirt-si-3] "T-shirt, Class of '95, Shuttle (Melroy)". National Air and Space Museum. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[release_95-016-4] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[release_97-199-5] Rahn, Debbie; Buckingham, Bruce; Herring, Kyle (12 September 1997). "97-199: Atlantis' Sveneth Mission to Mir Set for Sept. 25" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.

[release_H97-263-6] McCarter, Jennifer; Hawley, Eileen M. (13 November 1997). "H97-263: Tognini Named to STS-93 Crew" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.

[release_95-003-7] Rahn, Debbie; Herring, Kyle (13 January 1995). "95-003: Two International Candidates to Join 1995 Astronaut Class" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.

[release_j03-07-8] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[rdhusband-9] 
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[mpanderson-10] 
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[kchawla-11] 
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[12] "President Biden nominates former astronaut Pamela Melroy for NASA deputy administrator". Space.com. 16 April 2021.

[sdaltman-13] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-90-14] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-90". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-106-15] Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-106". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-109-16] Ryba, Jeanne (16 February 2010). "STS-109". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

[STS-125-17] Kauderer, Amiko (30 September 2009). "STS-125". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[jsashby-18] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-93-19] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-93". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-100-20] Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-100". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

[STS-104-21] Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-104". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[mjbloomfield-22] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-86-23] Ryba, Jeanne (26 October 2010). "STS-86". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-97-24] Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-97". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

[STS-110-25] Ryba, Jeanne (16 February 2010). "STS-110". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[jfedwards-26] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-89-27] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-89". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

[dlpgorie-28] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-91-29] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-91". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-99-30] Ryba, Jeanne (12 February 2010). "STS-99". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-108-31] Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-108". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

[STS-123-32] Nevills, Amiko (8 April 2008). "STS-125". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-96-33] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-96". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

[STS-107-34] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-107". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[swlindsey-35] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-87-36] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-87". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

[STS-95-37] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-95". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-121-38] "STS-121". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-133-39] Kauderer, Amiko (15 March 2011). "STS-133". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[pamelroy-40] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-92-41] Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-92". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

[STS-112-42] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-112". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-120-43] Jeanne, Ryba (2 April 2008). "STS-120". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[skilrain-44] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-83-45] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-83". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-94-46] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-94". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[fwsturckow-47] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-88-48] Ryba, Jeanne (10 February 2011). "STS-88". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

[STS-105-49] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-105". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-117-50] "STS-117". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-128-51] Kauderer, Amiko (23 September 2009). "STS-128". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[rlcurbeam-52] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-85-53] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-85". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-98-54] Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-98". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[STS-116-55] "STS-116". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[kphire-56] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-130-57] Kauderer, Amiko (1 March 2010). "STS-130". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[jlkavandi-58] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[etlu-59] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-84-60] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-84". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[ISS-SR-03-18-61] 
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[cinoriega-62] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[jfreilly-63] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[skrobinson-64] Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-114-65] Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-114". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

[mirhardwareheritage-66] 
Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[tdoi-67] "Takao Doi, Ph.D." Biographies. JAXA. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[drwilliams-68] "Biography of Dr. Dafydd (Dave) Rhys Williams". Astronauts. Canadian Space Agency. 1 March 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[STS-118-69] "STS-118". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]