NBN (TV station)
Nine Entertainment Co | |
History | |
---|---|
First air date | 4 March 1962 |
National Television Network (1964–1969)
Independent (1962–1992) | |
Call sign meaning | Newcastle Broadcasting New South Wales |
Technical information | |
Licensing authority | Australian Communications and Media Authority |
Links | |
Website | www |
NBN is an Australian
The station's call sign, NBN, is an acronym for Newcastle Broadcasting New South Wales.
History
Origins
NBN's original owner, the Newcastle Broadcasting and Television Corporation (NBTC) was founded in May 1958 to begin preparations for the upcoming television licence allocations. The main shareholders in NBTC were United Broadcasting Company (owned by the Lamb family, owners of radio station
The Australian Broadcasting Control Board awarded the commercial television licence for the Newcastle and Hunter Valley area to the NBTC on 1 August 1961. NBN-3 would transmit on
The call-letters, NBN, were derived from the company's name, Newcastle Broadcasting and Television Corporation, with the second N representing New South Wales, as required by law. Unofficially, it stood for "Newcastle Broadcasting Network".[3]
Construction began in November 1961, supervised by engineers from RCA in the United States.[6] It was a step backwards for RCA, building a new station transmitting in black and white while colour television was fast becoming the norm in the United States. Ninety per cent of the original equipment was imported from the United States, and held in bond until they were due to be installed. Equipment was purchased with colour production and transmission in mind, so that only 20% modification would be required when colour came to NBN. Studios were to be built on a 3-acre (1.2 ha) block at Mosbri Crescent, near the city centre.
Work on the 142 m (466 ft) transmitter was delayed by a combination of weather, the conditions for the road leading to Mount Sugarloaf, and excited sightseers blocking work trucks during the weekends.[6] During that time, the technical team stayed at the top of the mountain. The construction took eight months at a cost of $1.5 million, and required staff to work seven days a week (except on Christmas Day) to make the deadline.[6]
Test transmissions took place in early 1962, and could be seen as far away as
Opening night
NBN Television commenced transmission on 4 March 1962. The first programme on launch night began at 6 pm, a taped welcome by the then-Postmaster General Charles Davidson. Following that was a guided tour around the NBN studios by the original production manager, Matthew Tapp.[3]
Murray Finlay began one of the longest newsreading careers in Australia with NBN's first news bulletin at 6:30 pm. This was followed by
In the lead-up to the opening night, the station promised at least two movies a week, as well as men's interest programs each Saturday afternoon between 3 pm and 4 pm – a commitment successfully met, along with female-targeted programming in the early afternoon, and children's programming from 4:30 to 6:30 pm weekdays and mature programming thirty minutes before closedown each night. NBN Television broadcast fifty-six hours in its first week of transmission, setting the Australian television record for the most time spent on air in a week for a new television station.[3]
1960s to the 1970s
Soon after launch night, NBN extended television coverage from
In 1963,
During the period between 1968 and 1969, NBN secured a relay from the Postmaster-General to enhance their news service. In 1970, NBN began upgrading its studios in preparation for the commencement of colour television originally scheduled for 1972, later changed to March 1975, at a cost of $360,000. The improvements included an enlarged film department; a film editing and cleaning equipment; a larger master control with four video transfer machines; a new telecine room with caption scanner and slide drums; as well as an expansion of the administration and staff offices, which also included new offices and a boardroom.[3]
In 1972, NBN was granted a licence to operate a translator in the
On 22 November 1979, the Newcastle Broadcasting and Television Corporation officially became NBN Limited, after the station itself rebranded from Channel 3 to NBN Television around 1977.[10] By the late 1970s, NBN was producing 20 hours a week of local and networked programming from its studios, which in turn led the station to purchase a Bell Jet Ranger helicopter for news coverage purposes.[9]
1980s to the 1990s
In early 1980, NBN purchased Southern Television Corporation Limited, owners of
Entity | Share |
---|---|
Lamb Family | 35.02% |
Wansey Family | 30.14% |
Parry Corporation
|
19.88% |
Others | 14.96% |
Parry had then attempted to buy Michael Wansey's stake in NBN, but was blocked by the
On 16 March 1983, Parry Corporation completed the purchase of NBN, delisting the company.[13] Michael Wansey resigned from the board at the end of the year as a result. In 1984, plans for a second independent station in Newcastle had failed. During that time, NBN and ABC Newcastle (call sign ABHN-5A) were asked to leave the VHF band to accommodate FM radio. At the time, NBN's audio carrier frequency could be listened to with a standard FM radio.
It was planned for NBN to transmit on UHF channel 51, and the ABC on UHF channel 48, however this did not eventuate. A proposal to launch a radiated subscription television service with community broadcasting during the daytime hours had also failed that year.[14]
In the late 1980s, NBN's Perth-based owner, Parry Corporation, spun off NBN Limited into a new company, NBN Enterprises, and took a 40 per cent stake in the new company, with Security Pacific Capital Corporation buying 60 per cent, sold their stake soon after, holding onto Papua New Guinea television station NTN, which NBN had helped to set up. Fulcrum Media's move to later purchase the station was a source for confusion, as it was revealed that many companies, including the NSW State Superannuation Board and Westpac, held substantial stakes in Fulcrum Media.[15] Parry Corporation's new owner CityWest issued a court challenge to re-acquire NBN, but it was revealed that CityWest was held by Hong Kong company Hang Lung Properties, thereby violating foreign ownership laws. Following ownership changes, NBN Enterprises was sold to Washington H. Soul Pattinson in October 1989.[15][16]
NBN was one of many stations opposed to
2000s
Throughout the 2000s, NBN was regarded as one of the leaders in digital broadcasting, not only being the first to produce a nightly regional news bulletin in full digital format, using a digital friendly news set, but also Australia's first fully digital outside broadcast van.[17]
In 2004, Washington H. Soul Pattinson began moves to transfer control of the station to its publicly listed subsidiary, Soul Pattinson Telecommunications, which became
On 30 January 2006, NBN adopted a new logo and on air graphics, in line with Nine's new logo. However, the news department did not update its graphics until 15 March. During April 2007, SP Telemedia announced that it would consider selling NBN Television, and had received at least two bids, one each from
Following Nine's relaunch of their high definition simulcast as "Nine HD" on 17 March 2008,[23] NBN launched their own HD simulcast in mid-2008 called "NBN HD".[citation needed]
On 9 August 2009, NBN began transmission of the new digital channel GO! (now 9Go!) on channel 88.
2010s
In 2010, it was announced that two of NBN's inner Newcastle retransmitter sites in
On 26 September 2010, NBN began transmission of the HD digital channel GEM (now 9Gem) on channel 80.
In January 2012, NBN celebrated 50 years of broadcasting across Northern NSW and the Gold Coast.[24] Coincidentally, it also marked 20 years since the station took Nine's signal across all of Northern NSW.
On 26 March 2012, NBN began transmission of Nine's metropolitan informercial channel Extra on channel 84.
On 27 January 2014, along with the Nine Network, NBN switched from the Supertext logo to Nine's Closed Captioning logo.
After Nine revived
On 9 February 2016, it was announced that Kylie Blucher, managing director of QTQ Brisbane, would be appointed managing director of NBN while retaining her position at QTQ, stating that she would "be splitting [her] time between Brisbane and Newcastle".[27][28]
Alongside the launch of 9HD and 9Life on 1 March 2016, NBN's unique branding began to be phased out in favour of Nine's mainstream branding already in place on its metropolitan stations and its Darwin station. The mainstream logos for Nine and 9HD were used with "NBN" written alongside in a smaller font. On 1 July 2016, coinciding with the media shakeup of
In October 2016, Nine Entertainment Co lodged a development application with Newcastle City Council about plans to turn the current NBN studios into medium density housing.[29] As a result of this, the network is planning on moving NBN somewhere in the Newcastle CBD. During this time, it was unclear whether NBN News would be retained under its current name following the move to the new workspace. Studio presentation was also uncertain once the transfer occurs.
In March 2018, Nine's regional affiliate Southern Cross Austereo began advertising sales for NBN.[30] As a result, the advertising department moved from NBN's offices to SCA's radio offices.
In June 2018, Nine Entertainment moved NBN's playout facilities to the networks main playout centre in
2020s
In October 2020, after almost 60 years broadcasting from the Mosbri Crescent studios, the Nine Network will be moving NBN to new state of the art facilities located at 28 Honeysuckle Drive, Newcastle.[31] This will allow NBN to update its ageing technology and grow the business. It was also announced that upon completion of the move, the name NBN News will be retained for the 6 pm bulletin, thus for now resting any speculation that the bulletin will be rebadged as Nine News as well as speculation that studio presentation of the news would be relocated to the network's new North Sydney Studios. The move was originally meant to be completed in June 2021, but following the hacking situation that occurred at Nine's North Sydney studios in March, and statewide COVID-19 lockdowns across New South Wales, the planned move was pushed back to November.
On 30 November 2020, Jenny Webber, head of commercial production for both Nine Queensland (QTQ) and Nine Northern NSW would be appointed into the new role of General Manager for NBN overseeing the stations commercial department Nine Digital Production, the stations day-to-day operations, as well as oversee local digital advertising agent Nine Digital Direct. Kylie Blucher would retain her role as managing director of both QTQ and NBN.[32]
On 7 November 2021, the station transmitted its local programming from the Mosbri Crescent studios for the final time, preceded by 30-minute tribute special Goodbye Mosbri, a look back of 59 years of news bulletins, telethons and top rating local programs as well as the history of NBN Television. The station completed its move to Honeysuckle the following day.
In March 2022, NBN celebrated 60 years of broadcasting across Northern NSW and the Gold Coast.[33] Coincidentally, it also marked 30 years since the station took Nine's signal across all of Northern NSW.
News operation
NBN News is the station's flagship local evening news bulletin, airing every night at 6 pm. The news service employs 60 staff and produces over 20,000 local news stories annually,[4] combined with news reports from Nine News; with local stories in all of its sub-markets.[7] Since November 2021, master control for NBN News is operated by QTQ's Mt. Coot-tha facility in Brisbane, with the Newcastle studios and news reports across New South Wales passing through microwave and satellite.
NBN News is unique as it simulcasts live across all 6 markets. After the major national stories are presented, the program is split into six Local Window opt-outs, featuring pre-recorded local bulletins for each regional market and a live local news round-up for Newcastle. After the first break, the bulletin continues as a live simulcast across the network with further Local Window opt-outs for sport and weather. News, sport and weather presenters start early at NBN recording introductions to each of the local stories which will be included in the opt-outs. Local bureaus are located in Port Macquarie, Coffs Harbour, Central Coast, Tamworth, Lismore and the Gold Coast.
As a network O&O, the following Nine News programs are relayed to the station: Nine News: Early Edition, Today & Weekend Today, Today Extra & Today Extra: Saturday, Nine's Morning News, Nine's Afternoon News Sydney (Northern NSW only), Nine's Afternoon News Brisbane (Gold Coast only), A Current Affair, Nine News Late, 60 Minutes, Nine News: First at Five and until 2020, Nine News Now. Nine's flagship nightly news bulletin (either Nine News Sydney or Nine News Queensland) is not broadcast across Northern NSW and the Gold Coast, Nine's flagship local news bulletin Nine News Gold Coast is also not broadcast across the Gold Coast, since NBN News serves as the station's flagship bulletin. Prior to the network rebrand on 1 July 2016, Nine's Morning News was only broadcast on special occasions.
In the Hunter and the Central Coast, it is the only local news bulletin, as rival networks Seven and WIN provide news updates as part of fulfilling local quota requirements. NBN News shares resources with Nine Gold Coast News for its Gold Coast reporting since NEC's ownership of the station. From 2017 to 2021, the station also provided local weather segments for Nine's regional NSW, Victoria and Queensland bulletins.
News department history
Throughout its history, NBN News produced Good Morning News, Good Evening News, News Night, NBN Evening News, and NBN Late Edition News and currently running NBN News.[3]
NBN was the first to launch an hour-long news bulletin in April 1972 from its long-time Mosbri Crescent building, and from launch night until the 1980s, Murray Finlay was the face of NBN's news bulletins, and was one of Australia's longest serving newsreaders. In 1975, Finlay was joined by Ray Dinneen, who went onto become its main anchor until retirement in December 2010. In 1979, the news service received an award for its coverage of the Star Hotel riot.[7]
On 1 March 1985, Jim Sullivan began his career as NBN's news director, which has ultimately led him to become Australia's longest serving news director.[7] The station's coverage of the tragic events of the 1989 Newcastle earthquake was beamed throughout the world, with NBN's reporters also being interviewed by international news services.
During the 1990s, NBN also produced breakfast, afternoon and late night bulletins, however this was later replaced by the
On 11 September 2001 liaising with NBN News director Jim Sullivan, NBN Late Edition News producer Matthew Carden secured a live feed through the Nine Network of ABC America enabling first pictures to be aired of the New York attacks within minutes. When the program went on air a short time later, newsreader Jodi McKay handed over to ABC News America's coverage of events, anchored by Peter Jennings. The bulletin was extended until 1 am when NBN handed over to TCN for the start of almost five days of continuous national coverage.
In 2006, NBN aired its 20,000th news bulletin during the week of 26 March; commemorating the event, NBN News produced five news specials that summarised the prior 44 years of news production.[7]
In mid 2006, Natasha Beyersdorf took over as the network's main female newsreader after Melinda Smith stepped down from the role. Paul Lobb took over as the network's main male newsreader and one of the network's local identities after Ray Dinneen retired on 17 December 2010.
In December 2014, Mike Rabbitt retired from reading sport on NBN News after nearly 30 years with the station. Mitchell Hughes was appointed his replacement.
Following the appointment of Kylie Blucher as the station's managing director, NBN News opener and graphics were relaunched, aligning with Nine's metropolitan and Darwin stations, yet retaining the well-known theme music composed by Laurence Schuberth. For the first time, the title cards used on Nine News were adapted as part of the refresh. Although a "lite" version of the graphics was introduced in February 2014, it did not become identical with Nine News until April 2016. Following the relaunch of Nine News graphics on 16 October of that year, NBN News refreshed its presentation by phases. The opener and title cards were first updated, followed by its weather graphics in February 2017 (when it began providing weather for then-Nine's affiliate CTC until 2021). A new set based on the previous Nine News sets was introduced on 7 August. The rest of the graphics were soon updated to the then-current Nine News look on 15 October 2018. On 19 January 2020, NBN News was updated to reflect the current Nine News graphics updated on the same day.
In December 2020, Paul Lobb and Natasha Beyersdorf marked 10 years as weeknight news presenters on the network. Coincidentally, it marked 10 years since Paul Lobb replaced Ray Dinneen as main male news presenter and one of the network's local identities back in 2010.[34]
In August 2021, as part of Jenny Webber's appointment to NBN's day-to-day operations, major changes were imposed on NBN News: the station's Head of News Blake Doyle and Chief of Staff Andy Lobb were made redundant, taking with them a combined 40 years experience in local television production, with former Nine Perth reporter Darius Winterfield and former Nine Adelaide reporter Olivia Grace Curran to replace them as head of news and chief of staff, respectively. 20 positions were affected and 5 of its staff were redeployed to Nine's QTQ studios in Brisbane, where NBN News will begin master control operations from November. It was also confirmed that the new studio in Honeysuckle Drive will be automated with a state-of-the-art set similar to the current Nine News set in North Sydney, with construction that began from May 2021. It is said that there will be closer ties with Nine News including more opportunities for camera operators, reporters and journalists.[34] Coincidentally, the QTQ master control they will be using was the same master control used for Nine News' regional bulletins across Queensland from 2017 to 2021, when Nine had its 5-year programming supply agreement with SCA's regional Queensland station TNQ. The new master control site also formally introduces the Nine News theme remix of Cool Hand Luke's "Tar Sequence" to NBN News, formally replacing numerous themes commissioned separately in the past 60 years. The new arrangements for NBN News began on 8 November 2021.
On 13 December 2021, it was announced that Lobb would be made redundant after a decade as weeknight news presenter and almost 30 years with the network. Gavin Morris will replace Lobb as weeknight news presenter and one of the network's main male personalities in addition to presenting the weather.[35]
Programming (1962–2007, 2015, 2018–2021)
This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2021) |
Until midway through the 2000s, NBN had always produced some local programming, and had set a record for most local programming and transmission hours in its first week of operation. It was also a member of Australian Television Facilities, and had a hand in the production of drama series Silent Number.[3] Since NBN was bought by PBL Media in May 2007, then merged into the Nine Network in August 2016, apart from NBN News, local programming on the station has decreased significantly, although in the last two years, NBN has resumed production on local programming, but on a limited basis. However, since the move to Honeysuckle, local programming has ceased altogether with NBN News the only local production on the station. In 1963, NBN won the
Local travel agency Jayes presented their own travel show, Travel Time with Jayes, broadcast on Sunday nights for over 20 years, starting in 1962. Also, every four years, NBN produced a live 24-hour telethon to raise money for local charities.[36] However, due to NBN's affiliation with the Nine Network from 1991 onwards, these telethons were no longer viable with the last occurring in 2002.
NBN premiered
In 2015, NBN produced a local children's program which aired on the GO! Channel (later shortened today as 9Go!) called So There. The program was presented by NBN News reporter Renee Fedder. It lasted eight episodes.
In August 2018, the station announced a new lifestyle program called Location Lifestyle Living. The show featured a mix of lifestyle, lighthearted segments, interviews, renovation tips and real estate stories. Craig Rosevear and Renovation expert Naomi Finlay hosted the program. It ran until October. The program was renewed for a second season and aired from 7 September 2019 – 9 November 2019. Finlay however, did not return for Season 2, she was replaced by then NBN News reporter Georgia Maher. The program was renewed for a third season, traditionally the program is broadcast from late August to Early November, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the third season started its broadcast in late November and premiered on Saturday 14 November 2020. Craig Rosevear is now solo host due to the departure of Georgia Maher in early 2020. The show was not renewed for a fourth season, most likely due to the extended COVID lockdown, and due to staffing changes and cuts at the station in relation to the move to new studios at Honeysuckle.
In 2020, the station expanded into digital programming, with the launch of Amplified a music show giving local music a voice and home to some of the best up and coming musicians. The program was hosted by Matt Field and aired at 8 pm Thursdays on NBN's Facebook page, episodes were then repeated on 9Go! on Saturday afternoons. It lasted one season.
In late April 2020, the station launched into the sports market with the launch of Knights to Remember, a weekly show looking back on some of the best moments of football games featuring the Newcastle Knights team over many years. The program was presented by NBN News Sport Reporters Stephen Mount and Kate Haberfield and is broadcast at 12 pm Saturdays. The program was a joint venture between NBN and real estate agent 'MacDonald Jones Homes' and lasted one season.[citation needed]
As of 2021, NBN primarily airs Nine Network programming mixed with local weather updates during the afternoon news, regular NBN news updates through the evening, the main NBN News bulletin at 6pm and some local programming including the Newcastle Anzac Day dawn service live, 60 year anniversary specials, Big Dog and localised station IDs and local advertising customised for each market.
Community support
NBN has long been a supporter of many local events and groups in the Northern NSW/Gold Coast region. They are currently sponsors of the Newcastle Northstars in the Australian Ice Hockey League. The station has sponsored the
Logos
The original NBN logo, featuring the numeral three inside a ring was replaced by several others over the years. The three was used due to the station's frequency allocation, being transmitted on
Despite pressure from the Nine Network to adopt the nine dots, NBN Television retained its logo for a few years after aggregation.[38] However, in 1994, NBN added nine dots into a new logo designed similarly to the Nine Network's, and also began using Nine's on-air promotion, with the NBN logo replacing Nine's. In 1997, the dots were changed to spheres.[38]
Three-dimensions were added to the letters NBN in 2002, coinciding with a revamp of the station's on-air identity, concurrently with the Nine Network.[38] On 30 January 2006, the station relaunched its logo to coincide with the Nine Network's fiftieth year of broadcasting. The new logo designed by Bruce Dunlop Associates saw the removal of the nine dots, with a blue square added to behind the letters NBN. However, in 2008, the nine dots were reinstated into the logo and the dots are first 3D discs in 2008, then 2D dots in January 2009, then later spheres in September 2009.[39]
In April 2012, NBN Television's identity changed, applying the logo in different colours such as red, green, purple and more. It is also reminiscent of the 2002 ident package.
Since July 2016, the NBN logo has only been used as a digital on-screen graphic and for use for NBN News, station identification and community announcements with the remaining identity using Nine Network branding.
References
- ^ "Newcastle Calling". TV Week. 24 February 1962. p. 27. Archived from the original on 27 May 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2007.
- ^ "Television By Area Served" (PDF). Australian Communications and Media Authority. 8 June 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 June 2004. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "NBN 21st Anniversary lift-out". Newcastle Star. 1983.[dead link]
- ^ Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts. 11 April 2007. Archived from the originalon 1 September 2007. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
- ^ a b "SP Telemedia seals sale of NBN to PBL". AAP. theage.com.au. 10 May 2005. Retrieved 19 May 2007.
- ^ The Newcastle Herald. 1962.
- ^ a b c d e "NBN making news as it celebrates 20,000 bulletins" (PDF) (Press release). NBN Television. 26 April 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 August 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
- ^ "Annual Report" (Press release). NBN Limited. 1979.
- ^ a b "Eye to Eye" (Press release). Newcastle Broadcasting and Television Corporation. 1979.
- ^ a b "Name changed to NBN Limited". Delisted. 22 November 1979. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
- ^ a b "Annual Report" (Press release). NBN Limited. 1980.
- Canberra Times19 December 1981 page 12
- ^ "Taken over by Hadjoin Pty Limited". Delisted. 16 March 1983. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
- The Newcastle Herald. 1984.
- ^ a b "Annual Report" (Press release). NBN Limited. 1989.
- ^ Pattinson to buy NBN TV Canberra Times 1 November 1989 page 19
- ^ "one80 Digital Post makes giant steps in HD production". Broadcast and Media. 1 September 2004. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
- Soul Converged Communications. 2 August 2004. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
- ^ "Soul Pattinson wants out of regional TV". The Age. 8 April 2004. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
- ^ "WIN, PBL pursuing Newcastle Channel 9". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 20 April 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
- ^ White, Dominic (29 April 2016). "Nine and Southern Cross in multi-year affiliation deal". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
- ^ Mitchell, Jake (23 May 2016). "Bruce Gordon's WIN confirms affiliate deal with Ten Network". The Australian. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
- ^ "Nine HD Channel Media Release" (PDF) (Press release). PBL Media. 17 March 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2009. Retrieved 18 March 2008.
- ^ "NBN celebrates 50 years". Inside Film. 28 January 2012. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
- ^ Knox, David (8 February 2016). "9HD, 9Life coming to NBN Newcastle". TV Tonight. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ "New Digital Television Services coming to NBN". NBN Television. 16 February 2016. Archived from the original on 20 February 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
- ^ "Nine to expand regional offering, QTQ's Kylie Blucher replaces Deborah Wright". Inside Film. 9 February 2016. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
- ^ "Nine Brisbane boss to also be NBN managing director". Newcastle Herald. 9 February 2016. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
- ^ "NBN television eyes off city move". Newcastle Herald. 25 October 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2019.
- ^ "Southern Cross takes on sales for Nine NBN". TV Tonight. 4 April 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
- ^ "NBN TELEVISION IS MOVING TO A NEW HOME IN HONEYSUCKLE". NBN News. 13 October 2020.
- ^ "Jenny Webber has been appointed General Manager for NINE NBN". TV Blackbox. 30 November 2020.
- ^ Kellar, Jim (4 March 2022). "News never stops for NBN, 60 years strong". Newcastle Herald. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
- ^ a b "Key staffers let go at NBN as station moves to Honeysuckle". Newcastle Herald. 21 August 2021.
- ^ Simmonds, Matthew (13 December 2021). "EXCLUSIVE! Newsreader PAUL LOBB axed from NBN News - TV Blackbox". TV Blackbox. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
- ^ "Children's Cancer Research Centre Telethon". Government of New South Wales. 25 November 1997. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
- ^ "Current Sponsors". Newcastle Knights. 15 July 2007. Archived from the original on 11 February 2006. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
- ^ a b c Brooklyn Ross-Hulands. "NBN Television History". AusTVHistory. Archived from the original on 10 March 2008. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
- ^ "Mission incredible". The Age. 29 November 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2007.