Nafamostat
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| Routes of administration | IV |
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Nafamostat mesylate (
antiviral and anti-cancer properties.[2] Nafamostat is a fast-acting proteolytic inhibitor and used during hemodialysis to prevent the proteolysis of fibrinogen into fibrin.[3] The mechanism of action of Nafamostat is as a slow tight-binding substrate, trapping the target protein in the acyl-enzyme intermediate form, resulting in apparent observed inhibition.[4][5]
It inhibits a large number of Lys/Arg specific serine proteinases, and is also a
dengue hemorrhagic fever and of end-stage dengue shock syndrome.[6] It is available in a generic form already used for the treatment of certain bleeding complications in some countries, there are risks of severe complications such as: agranulocytosis, hyperkalemia, and anaphylaxis which must be weighed in non-emergency care.[7] In some countries, it used as a treatment for pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.[citation needed
]
This drug has been identified as a potential therapy for COVID-19,[8] with clinical trials in Japan possibly set to begin in March 2020.[9] With evidence that Nafamostat is a potent anti-viral inhibitor in lung cells, a second round of clinical trials in Korea has begun with 10 hospitals participating.[10] Multiple Phase 2/3[11][12][13] and Phase 3[14][15] clinical trials for COVID-19 in different countries are ongoing.
References
- S2CID 22631056.
- PMID 31552177.
- PMID 30041229.
- PMID 10899355.
- PMID 28456636.
- PMID 31265436.
- ^ "Nafamostat". PubChem. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
- PMID 32020029.
- ISSN 0447-5763. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
- ^ "Korean researchers find drug that is more effective in treating COVID-19 than remdesivir". Pharmafile. 15 May 2020. Retrieved 2020-06-17.
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT04473053 for "Rapid Experimental Medicine for COVID-19" at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT04352400 for "Efficacy of Nafamostat in Covid-19 Patients (RACONA Study)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT04418128 for "Clinical Efficacy of Nafamostat Mesylate for COVID-19 Pneumonia" at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT04483960 for "Australasian COVID-19 Trial (ASCOT) ADAptive Platform Trial" at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT04390594 for "Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Treatment Regimens in Adult COVID-19 Patients in Senegal" at ClinicalTrials.gov