Nalchik
Nalchik
Нальчик | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Kabardian | НалщӀэч |
| • Balkar | Нальчик |
 .jpg)    .jpg) .jpg)    Bochka Bar, Pobeda Cinema, Cathedral of Equal to the Apostle Mary Magdalene, Fountain at the Place de la Concorde in the Lenina Street, Monument to the Nalchans who died in the Great Patriotic War, Trees in a park, Snow in a memorial, Statue of Lenin, Central Mosque, KBSU Main Building | |
.png) Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Nalchik  | |
| Postal code(s)[9] | 360000, 360005, 360032, 360901, 360903, 360904 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8662[10] |
| OKTMO ID | 83701000001 |
| City Day | September 1[11] |
| Website | admnalchik |
Nalchik (
1989 Census).[16]
History
The territory of modern-day Nalchik was formerly known as Sloboda. The modern city dates from the early 19th century when the expanding Russian Empire built a fort there in 1818.
In 1838, a Russian military settlement was founded in the city, and after the
Nalchiksky Okrug of the Terek Oblast
.
The word "Nalchik" literally means "small horseshoe" in
Nalchik River
is named after the city it runs across.
During World War II, on 2 November 1942, Nalchik was occupied by Romanian mountain troops (Vânători de munte) under the command of Brigadier General Ioan Dumitrache, its capture earning the Romanian General the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.[17] The city was heavily damaged during the conflict. General Dumitrache went to great length ordering his troops to protect local population during the time Nalchik was occupied by Romanian forces. Professor A. N. Dainaco, the Mayor of Nalchik at that time, thanked General Dumitrache for liberating the city. Although he was accused of war crimes, General Dumitrache was fully exonerated after the war by a joint Soviet and Romanian judicial commission.[18]
In 1990, there was a 6.0 magnitude earthquake in Nalchik.
On October 13, 2005, Nalchik was
Ilias Gorchkhanov
, were killed, and another fifty-nine arrested.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the
municipal division, the city of republic significance of Nalchik is incorporated as Nalchik Urban Okrug.[7]
Ethnic groups
The population of the city in 2021 included the following breakdown by ethnicity:[19]
- Kabardians (Circassian) (49.2%)
- Russians (22.8%)
- Balkars (Taulu) (18.2%)
- Cherkess(3.6%)
- Ossetians (1.3%)
- others (13.2%)
2002 census data is as follows:[20]
- Kabardians (47.3%)
- Russians (31.8%)
- Balkars (11.4%)
- Ossetians (1.9%)
- Ukrainians (1.0%)
Economy and education
Nalchik is a balneological and mountain climatotherapy resort, with several sanatoriums. It also serves as an industrial center of the republic (non-ferrous metallurgy, light industry, construction materials manufacturing, machine building).[21]
Nalchik is home to the following facilities of higher education:
- Kabardino-Balkarian State University[22]
- North Caucasian State Institute of Arts[23]
- Kabardino-Balkarian State Agricultural Academy[24]
Climate
Nalchik has a
hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification
: Dfa) with hot summers and no dry season. The warm season lasts from late May to mid-September and the cold season from December to March. Most forms of precipitation are light rain and thunderstorms, as well as light snow and moderate snow. Wind speeds are typically calm to a light breeze through the year.
| Climate data for Nalchik (1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.8 (28.8) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
4.1 (39.4) |
10.3 (50.5) |
15.9 (60.6) |
20.3 (68.5) |
23 (73) |
22.5 (72.5) |
17.5 (63.5) |
11.1 (52.0) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
10.5 (50.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 21 (0.8) |
22 (0.9) |
39 (1.5) |
58 (2.3) |
94 (3.7) |
107 (4.2) |
69 (2.7) |
58 (2.3) |
63 (2.5) |
45 (1.8) |
34 (1.3) |
27 (1.1) |
637 (25.1) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 91 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 78 | 90 | 107 | 151 | 192 | 226 | 244 | 213 | 176 | 132 | 86 | 73 | 1,768 |
| Source: Гидрометцентр России[25] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Nalchik (Нальчик) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) |
1.0 (33.8) |
6.6 (43.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
24.7 (76.5) |
27.1 (80.8) |
26.3 (79.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
14.5 (58.1) |
8.3 (46.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.1 (19.2) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
10.6 (51.1) |
14.1 (57.4) |
16.7 (62.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
11.7 (53.1) |
5.4 (41.7) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 22 (0.9) |
23 (0.9) |
38 (1.5) |
63 (2.5) |
99 (3.9) |
100 (3.9) |
72 (2.8) |
61 (2.4) |
55 (2.2) |
43 (1.7) |
29 (1.1) |
26 (1.0) |
631 (24.8) |
| Average precipitation days | 6 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 95 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 69 | 71 | 117 | 141 | 185 | 235 | 222 | 210 | 201 | 153 | 93 | 63 | 1,760 |
| Source 1: Gydrometcenter[26] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: City Hall of Nalchik[27] | |||||||||||||
Sports
PFC Spartak Nalchik is an association football club based in Nalchik, playing in the Russian Premier League. The 2008 World Women's Chess Championship has also been held in Nalchik on August 28–September 18, 2008.[28]
Notable people
- Albert Sarkisyan, former Armenian professional footballer
- Khadzhimurat Akkayev, Olympic weightlifter, born 1985
- Astemir Apanasov, Circassian singer, musician, composer, and actor
- MiG-25, landing in Hakodate, Japan
- Dima Bilan, singer, born 1981
- Felix Frankl, Austrian and Soviet mathematician, physicist and aerodynamics (1905–1961)
- Andre Geim, Soviet, British and Netherlands physicist; Nobel laureate
- Vladislav Goldin, basketball player born in 2001, currently playing US college basketball at Florida Atlantic University
- Muhadin Kishev, Soviet and Spanish artist, born 1938
- Andrei Kolkoutine painter, born 1957
- Azamat Kuliev, painter, born 1963
- Eldar Kuliev, film director, screenwriter, born 1951
- Alim Kouliev, actor, theater director, born 1959
- Katya Lel, singer, born in 1974
- Alexander Litvinenko, ex-FSB officer turned anti-Putin activist, born 1962, poisoned with polonium-210 and died 2006.
- Leo Mol, Soviet and Canadian artist and sculptor (1915–2009)
- Nikolay Pavlov, professional footballer, born 1987
- Yuri Temirkanov, orchestra conductor, born 1938
- Mikhail Zalikhanov, academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, born 1939
Twin towns and sister cities
Amman, Jordan
Kayseri, Turkey
Vladikavkaz, Russia
Reno, Nevada, United States
References
Notes
- ^ "Совет местного самоуправления городского округа Нальчик пятого созыва". Nalchik City Council. Nalchik City Council. Archived from the original on December 6, 2013.
The supreme and exclusive legislative (representative) body of the state power in Nalchik is the Nalchik City Council.
- ^ a b Местная администрация городского округа Нальчик (in Russian). Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved October 30, 2010.
- ^ "Регионы России. Основные социально-экономические показатели городов". 2012 г. (in Russian). Retrieved November 12, 2013.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c Law #12-RZ
- ^ a b c Law #13-RZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ "Почтовые индексы России".
- ^ "Уважаемый клиент, наш сайт недоступенпри использовании VPN сервисов". www.rt.ru.
- ^ "Паспорт городского округа Нальчик". na.adm-kbr.ru. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
- ^ "Инвестиционный паспорт Кабардино-Балкарии". Investpassport. 2010. Retrieved October 30, 2010.
- ^ "Dozens die as Russian city raided." BBC. Thursday October 13, 2005. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
- Federal State Statistics Service.
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек[Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Tucker, Spencer C. (September 6, 2016). "World War II: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection [5 volumes]: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection". ABC-CLIO – via Google Books.
- ^ Arhiva Reviste. Bichir (subscription required)
- ^ "Национальный состав населения". Управление Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Северо-Кавказскому федеральному округу. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
- ^ "Население кабардино-балкарии".
- ^ Protsenko, Nikolay. “Times Get Tougher in a North Caucasus Republic.” Transitions Online, Nov. 2010, p. 3.
- ^ "Organisations.Kabardino-Balkar State University". mathnet.ru. Retrieved September 27, 2009.
- ^ "North-Caucasus State Institute of Arts". Universities, Colleges and Institutes Directory of Russian Federation (Russia) .University-directory.eu. Retrieved September 27, 2009.
- ^ "Federal Education Kabardino-Balkar State Agricultural Academy" (in Russian). Education in Russia. edu.ru. Retrieved September 27, 2009.
- ^ "Calimatic norms" Климатические нормы. meteoinfo (in Russian). Hydrometeorological Center of Russia. Retrieved February 3, 2024.
- ^ "Нальчик". METEOINFO.RU.
- ^ "City Hall of Nalchik : Sundata for Nalchik". June 2011. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011.
- ^ "World Women's Championship.World Chess Federation 2008". FIDE. Archived from the original on August 19, 2009. Retrieved September 27, 2009.
Sources
- Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №12-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после опубликования. Опубликован: "Кабардино-Балкарская правда", б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #12-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the publication date.).
- Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №13-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об статусе и границах муниципальных образований в Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Кабардино-Балкарская правда", б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #13-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the official publication date.).
External links
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nalchik.
- Nalcik. Official Website of Kabardino-Balkaria (in Russian)
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