Napoleonic era

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Napoleonic era
1799–1815
Napoleon Bonaparte
Chronology
French Directory, French Revolution Bourbon Restoration, Concert of Europe
Strategic situation of Europe 1798
Strategic situation of Europe 1801
Strategic situation of Europe 1803
Strategic situation of Europe 1805
Strategic situation of Europe 1806
Strategic situation of Europe 1807
Strategic situation of Europe 1809
Strategic situation of Europe 1812
Strategic situation of Europe 1813
Strategic situation of Europe 1814
Strategic situation of Europe 1815

The Napoleonic era is a period in the

Civil Code, a revised body of civil law, which also helped stabilize French society. The Civil Code affirmed the political and legal equality of all adult men and established a merit-based society in which individuals advanced in education and employment because of talent rather than birth or social standing. The Civil Code confirmed many of the moderate revolutionary policies of the National Assembly but retracted measures passed by the more radical Convention. The code restored patriarchal authority in the family, for example, by making women and children subservient to male heads of households.[1]

Whilst working to stabilise France, Napoleon also sought to extend his authority throughout Europe. Napoleon's armies conquered the Iberian and Italian peninsulas, occupied lands, and he forced Austria, Prussia, and Russia to ally with him and respect French hegemony in Europe. The United Kingdom refused to recognize French hegemony and continued the war throughout.

The

Russian winter
and repeated Russian attacks whittled down his army, and only a battered remnant of 30,000 soldiers managed to limp back to French territory. The allies then continued a united effort against Napoleon until they had seized Paris forcing his abdication in 1814. His return to power the next year was resisted by all the allies and his army was defeated by a Prussian and Anglo-Allied force at Waterloo.

History

The Napoleonic era is a period in the history of France and Europe. It is generally classified as including the fourth and final stage of the French Revolution, the first being the National Assembly, the second being the Legislative Assembly, and the third being the Directory.[citation needed]

The Napoleonic era, from 1799 to 1815, was marked by Napoleon Bonaparte's rise to power in France. He became Emperor in 1804 and sought to expand French influence across Europe. Major events include the Napoleonic Wars, the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, and Napoleon's exile to Elba and later to Saint Helena. His legacy shaped European politics and military.

Rulers

Heads and leaders of states affected by Napoleon's regime and the Napoleonic wars:

Wars

Major battles

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Napoleonic Period Collection". content.lib.washington.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-02.