National Assembly
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In politics, a national assembly is either a
The name also must be distinguished from the concept. Conceptually such an institution may appear under variety of names, especially if "national assembly" is being used to translate foreign names of the same concept into English. Also, the degree to which the National Assembly speaks for the nation is a variable. To achieve a quorum, the ancient Athenian Assembly employed Scythian police to arrest citizens at random from the street. On the other hand, the early Parliaments of Europe were mainly of an aristocratic composition. The word had its origins and inspirations from the National Assembly that was responsible for drafting a constitution during the French Revolution.
The exact words, "national assembly," have been used prolifically in the international community of nations since the 18th and 19th centuries, considered the Age of Revolution in western Europe. Nations that formed republics in this age subsequently formed empires. Extensive cross-cultural influences brought much of their language and institutions to the provinces. When these empires collapsed finally, the emancipated countries formed states and other institutions on the model of the former imperial nations. Some examples of international influences are as follows:
In
Origin of the expression
Perhaps the best known National Assembly was that established during the
The expression, however, did not originate in 1789. It was already in use in the French language of the times.
National Assembly is also found in some Commonwealth countries. Its use there is not a translation of Assemblée nationale, as the phrase is equally embedded in the English language. For example, at the end of the First English Civil War, an Act of Parliament, 1648, "Concerning the Members of the Classical and Congregational Presbyteries, in the several counties of the Kingdom of England, and Dominion of Wales," establishes a national congregational church in England and Wales, corresponding to the presbyteries of Scotland. The language is: "The National Assembly shall be constituted of members chosen by and sent from the several Provincial Assemblies."[3] This National Assembly appears to have no direct link to any French words, although the concept is the same.
Unicameral national legislatures
Country | Article | Local Name |
---|---|---|
Angola | National Assembly of Angola |
Assembleia Nacional |
Armenia | National Assembly of Armenia |
Ազգային Ժողով (Azgayin Zhoghov) |
Azerbaijan | National Assembly of Azerbaijan |
Milli Məclis |
Benin | National Assembly of Benin |
Assemblée nationale |
Bhutan | National Assembly of Bhutan |
རྒྱལ་ཡོངས་ཚོགས་འདུ་ (Gyelyong Tshogdu) |
Botswana | National Assembly of Botswana | |
Bulgaria | National Assembly of Bulgaria |
Народно събрание (Narodno Sǎbranie) |
Burkina Faso | National Assembly of Burkina Faso | Assemblée nationale |
Cameroon | National Assembly of Cameroon |
Assemblée nationale |
Cape Verde | National Assembly of Cape Verde |
Assembleia Nacional |
Central African Republic | National Assembly of the Central African Republic |
Assemblée nationale |
Chad | National Assembly of Chad |
Assemblée nationale |
Cuba | National Assembly of People's Power | Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular |
Djibouti | National Assembly of Djibouti |
Assemblée nationale |
Eritrea | National Assembly of Eritrea |
ሃገራዊ ባይቶ (Hagerawi Baito) |
Gambia |
National Assembly of Gambia |
|
Guinea | National Assembly of Guinea |
Assemblée nationale |
Guinea-Bissau | National People's Assembly of Guinea-Bissau |
Assembleia Nacional Popular da Guiné-Bissau |
Guyana | National Assembly of Guyana |
|
Hungary | National Assembly of Hungary |
Országgyűlés |
Ivory Coast | National Assembly of Ivory Coast |
Assemblée nationale |
Kuwait | National Assembly of Kuwait |
مجلس الامة (Majlis al-ʾUmma al-Kuwaytiyy) |
Laos | National Assembly of Laos | ສະພາແຫ່ງຊາດ (Sapha Heng Xat) |
Malawi | National Assembly of Malawi |
|
Mali | National Assembly of Mali |
Assemblée nationale |
Mauritius | National Assembly of Mauritius |
Assemblée nationale |
Nicaragua | National Assembly of Nicaragua |
Asamblea Nacional |
Niger | National Assembly of Niger |
Assemblée nationale |
North Korea | Supreme People's Assembly | 최고인민회의 (Choego Inmin Hoe-ui) |
Panama | National Assembly of Panama |
Asamblea Nacional de Panamá |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | National Assembly of Saint Kitts and Nevis |
|
São Tomé and Príncipe | National Assembly of São Tomé and Príncipe |
Assembleia Nacional |
Senegal | National Assembly of Senegal |
Assemblée nationale |
Serbia | National Assembly of Serbia |
Народна скупштина Србије (Narodna skupština Srbije) |
Seychelles | National Assembly of Seychelles |
Lasanble Nasyonal |
South Korea | National Assembly of the Republic of Korea |
국회 (Gukhoe) |
Sudan | National Assembly of Sudan | المجلس الوطني السوداني (Al-Maǧlis al-Waṭaniy) |
Suriname | National Assembly of Suriname |
Nationale Assemblée |
Tanzania | National Assembly of Tanzania |
Bunge la Tanzania |
Togo | National Assembly of Togo |
Assemblée nationale |
Turkey | Grand National Assembly of Turkey | Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi |
Venezuela | National Assembly of Venezuela |
Asamblea Nacional |
Vietnam | National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam |
Quốc hội nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam |
Zambia | National Assembly of Zambia |
Lower house of bicameral national legislature
Country | Article | Local Name |
---|---|---|
Algeria | People's National Assembly | al-Majlis al-Sha'abi al-Watani (Arabic: المجلس الشعبي الوطني)/Asqamu Aɣerfan Aɣelnaw (Berber)/Assemblée populaire nationale (French) |
Bhutan | National Assembly of Bhutan |
འབྲུག་གི་རྒྱལ་ཡོངས་ཚོགས་འདུ་ (Druk gi gyel yong tshok du) |
Burundi | National Assembly of Burundi
|
Assemblée nationale |
Cambodia | National Assembly of Cambodia |
រដ្ឋសភាកម្ពុជា (Rodsaphea) |
Congo (DRC) | National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Assemblée nationale |
Congo (Rep.) | National Assembly of the Republic of the Congo |
Assemblée nationale |
France | National Assembly of France |
Assemblée nationale |
Ireland | Assembly of Ireland | Dáil Éireann |
Ivory Coast | National Assembly of Ivory Coast |
Assemblée nationale |
Kenya | National Assembly of Kenya | |
Gabon | National Assembly of Gabon | Assemblée nationale |
Lesotho | National Assembly of Lesotho |
Lekhotleng la Sechaba |
Madagascar | National Assembly of Madagascar |
Antenimieram-Pirenena |
Mauritania | National Assembly | الجمعية الوطنية (Arabic)/Assemblée nationale (French) |
Namibia | National Assembly of Namibia
| |
Pakistan | National Assembly of Pakistan | ایوانِ زیریں
(Aiwān-e-Zairīñ)/قومی اسمبلی (Qọ̄mī Assembly) |
Slovenia | National Assembly of Slovenia |
Državni zbor |
South Africa | National Assembly of South Africa |
Upper house of bicameral national legislature
Country | Article | Local Name |
---|---|---|
Tajikistan | National Assembly of Tajikistan | Majlisi Milliy |
Nepal | National Assembly of Nepal |
Rāṣṭriya sabhā |
Entire bicameral legislature
Country | Article | Local Name |
---|---|---|
Bahrain | National Assembly of Bahrain |
المجلس الوطني البحريني (al-Majlis al-Watani) |
Belarus | National Assembly of Belarus |
Nacyjanalny schod Respubliki Bielaruś (Belarusian: Нацыянальны сход) / Natsionalnoye sobran'ye Respubliki Belarus' (Russian: Национальное собрание) |
Belize | National Assembly of Belize |
|
Haiti | National Assembly of Haiti |
Assemblée nationale |
Nigeria | National Assembly of Nigeria |
|
Russia | Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation |
Федеральное Собрание (Federalnoye Sobraniye) |
Switzerland | Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation | Bundesversammlung (German) / Assemblée fédérale (French) / Assemblea federale (Italian) / Assamblea federala (Romansh) |
Thailand | National Assembly of Thailand |
รัฐสภา (Ratthasapha) |
Historical
Country/Territory | Name | Period | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Batavian Republic, Netherlands |
National Assembly of the Batavian Republic: - First National Assembly - Second National Assembly |
1 March 1796 – 31 August 1797 1 September 1797 – 22 January 1798 (coup) |
|
Republic of China |
National Assembly of the Republic of China |
1913 – 1925 1947 – 2005 |
Congress (Beiyang) Defunct constitutional convention
|
Estonia | Rahvuskogu | 1937 | Constituent assembly |
Germany ("Weimar Republic") | Weimar National Assembly | 1919 – 1920 | |
Nepal | National Assembly of Nepal |
1990 – 1997 | |
Philippines | National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic |
1898 – 1899 1935 – 1941 25 September 1943 – 2 February 1944 |
|
Portugal | National Assembly of Portugal
|
1933 – 1974 | During Estado Novo dictatorship |
Other historical
Country/Territory | Name | Local Name | Period | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | National Assembly of Afghanistan |
ملی شورا (Pashto: Mili Shura) / شورای (Dari: Shura-e Milli) | 2004-2019 | Dissolved by the Taliban |
Iraq | National Assembly of Iraq |
2004 – 2005 | A constitutional convention
| |
Wales | National Assembly for Wales |
Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru | July 1, 1999 – May 6, 2020 | Can make Delegated legislation ; The title 'National Assembly' was formerly used to refer to the Welsh devolved unicameral legislature until 6 May 2020, when it was renamed to a parliament, "the Welsh Parliament" or the direct Welsh translation "Senedd Cymru" (simply as Senedd) |
Other
Country/Territory | Name | Local Name | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Northern Ireland | Northern Ireland Assembly | Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann | Can make Delegated legislation
|
Quebec, Canada | National Assembly of Quebec | Assemblée nationale du Québec | A provincial legislative assembly
|
Republika Srpska | National Assembly (Republika Srpska) | Народна скупштина Републике Српске (Narodna Skupština Republike Srpske) | Autonomous entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. |
See also
- List of national legislatures
Notes
- ^ Nepal and Tajikistan being the exception, with their National Assembly as the higher houses of bicameral Parliament
References
- ^ Merriam-Webster (1986). Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged with Seven Language Dictionary. Vol. II H to R. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
- ^ Le Gentil, Jean (1675). Recueil des actes, titres et mémoires, concernant les affaires du clergé de France, augmenté d'un grand nombre de Pieces, & mis en nouvel ordre. Vol. VI. Paris: Frederic Leonard. p. 731.
- ^ Davies, John; Dancer, John (1661). The civil warres of Great Britain and Ireland: containing an exact history of their occasion, originall, progress, and happy end. London: Printed by R.W. for Philip Chetwind. p. 238.