National security of China

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

The national security of China is the coordination of a variety of organizations, including law enforcement, military, paramilitary, governmental, and intelligence agencies that aim to ensure China's national security. China considers three factors in its national security: national sovereignty, security, and development interests.

Conceptual development

Chinese President

holistic security concept in 2014, which he defined as taking "the security of the people as compass, political security as its roots, economic security as its pillar, military security, cultural security, and cultural security as its protections, and that relies on the promotion of international security."[1]: 3  The holistic security concept also emphasizes the need for energy security.[2]: 77  Xi created China's National Security Commission (NSC), which focuses on holistic security and addresses both external and internal security matters.[3]
: 180 

With regard to Chinese abroad, China's 2015 National Security Law states that China will take necessary measures to protect the security and interests "of Chinese citizens, organizations, and bodies abroad."[1]: 179 

At the 2022 meeting of

UN Charter; (4) taking the security concerns of all countries seriously; (5) peacefully resolving disputes between countries through dialogue; and (6) maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional fields.[1]: 158  The principles outlined by the Global Security Initiative are long-standing elements of China's security policy.[1]: 158  As of 2023, articulations of the Global Security Initiative have primarily focused on broad principles and included little operational detail.[1]
: 158 

Armed forces overview

The collective

PLA Air Force.[6] The PLA's independent strategic missile forces are typically referred to as the PLA Rocket Force.[7]

The

]

In 2005, China announced that it had downsized its military by 200,000 troops in order to optimize force structures and increase combat capabilities.[10] The number of active-duty soldiers decreased to 2.3 million from as high as 3.2 million in 1987.[11] The changes included eliminating layers in the command hierarchy, reducing non-combat units, such as schools and farms, and reprogramming officer duties. The ground forces were reduced in numbers, while the navy, air force, and rocket forces were strengthened.[12] Reservists number an estimated 500,000 to 600,000 and paramilitary forces in the People's Armed Police number an estimated 1.5 million.[13]

The Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China is differentiated from the Central Military Commission of the CCP. According to Article 93 of the state constitution, the Central Military Commission directs the armed forces of the country and is composed of a chairman, vice chairmen, and members whose terms run concurrently with the National People's Congress. The commission is responsible to the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee.

Foreign military relations

In 2008, China sold US$645 million worth of

Vladivostok, Shandong
, and the surrounding waters; air, land, and amphibious exercises were held.

China is a member of the

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
, involved border guards from both sides.

Military forces abroad

In 2004 China deployed 95 riot police officers as part of a 125-member unit to

UN Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
, and the UN Mission in Liberia.

Defense budget

Although China claims that the share of

Germany, and Japan. However, the actual defense budget is likely to be higher than expected because of the inclusion of defense-related items in non-defense budgets.[citation needed
]

Major military units