Nayef bin Abdulaziz

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Nayef bin Abdul Aziz
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In this
Al Saud
.
Nayef bin Abdulaziz
Photo of Prince Nayef aged 77
Nayef in November 2011
Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
First Deputy Prime Minister
Tenure27 October 2011 – 16 June 2012
Monarch
Prime Minister
King Abdullah
Predecessor
Second Deputy Prime Minister
Tenure27 March 2009 – 27 October 2011
Monarch
Abdullah
Prime Minister
King Abdullah
PredecessorSultan bin Abdulaziz
SuccessorMuqrin bin Abdulaziz
Minister of Interior
Tenure11 October 1975 – 16 June 2012
Prime Minister
King Fahd

King Abdullah
Predecessor
Al Adl cemetery, Mecca
Spouses
Issue
List
    • Princess Jawahir
    • Princess Noura
    • Prince Saud
    • Crown Prince Muhammad
    • Prince Nawwaf
    • Prince Fahd
    • and four others
Names
Nayef bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman
Hassa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi

Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (

crown prince of Saudi Arabia and deputy prime minister from October 2011 and the minister of interior
from October 1975 until his death in June 2012.

Early life and education

Nayef bin Abdulaziz was born in

Muslim legal scholars). Additionally, he was educated in diplomacy and security affairs.[5]

Early experience

From 1952 to 1953 Prince Nayef served as vice governor of

Medina Region.[6] In 1970 King Faisal appointed him as both deputy interior minister and minister of state for internal affairs.[8]

Minister of Interior

On 30 March 1975 following King Faisal's assassination, then Minister of Interior Prince Fahd became the crown prince, and Prince Nayef was appointed to the post by

King Khalid.[9][10]

Timeline

In March 1980 King Khalid established a constitutional committee with eight members under the presidency of Prince Nayef.

Prince Turki, head of Saudi intelligence services.[2]

Prince Nayef established the General Directorate of Prisons in 2000 as a separate unit within the ministry.

Saud bin Faisal, went to Iran as Saudi envoy in an unprecedented move. He issued all women in Saudi Arabia identity cards. Women were previously registered under their husband's or father's name in November 2001.[2] After the September 11 attacks, as the man in charge of the Saudi investigation he received US criticism for his continuing to insist that the Saudi hijackers were dupes in a Zionist plot for over a year after 9/11,[13] and for not undertaking sufficient action against extremists.[14]

In 2003 Prince Nayef, who was in charge of foreign labor, decreed that foreign workers and their family members should not exceed 20 percent of the Saudi population in 2013.

Prince Bandar to remove Prince Nayef as minister of interior in July 2003.[16]

Between 2003 and 2006 he led Saudi Arabia's confrontation against

Al Qaeda, which sponsored a series of domestic attacks on expatriate housing compounds, oil infrastructure, and industrial facilities. His political stance was strengthened because of increased media exposure and the successful end to terrorist attacks.[17]

Styles of
Crown Prince Nayef
His Royal Highness
Spoken styleYour Royal Highness

In March 2011 during the

2011 Saudi Arabian protests 200 people who called for more information on their imprisoned relatives were denied a meeting with Nayef.[18]

Second deputy prime minister

Since Crown Prince Sultan could not deal with demanding duties due to his extended absences for treatment and

Prince Talal asked the King to clarify that the appointment did not necessarily mean that Nayef would become crown prince.[22]

His appointment as second deputy prime minister expanded Prince Nayef's influence into all corners of Saudi domestic policy and allowed him to participate in the development of foreign policy. He was not expected to interfere in economic matters, but to influence the judiciary.[17]

Prince Nayef chaired many cabinet meetings when King Abdullah and Crown Prince Sultan were away for health reasons.[17] Critics said he was behind the cancellation of the nation's only film festival in the summer of 2009.[17] In November 2010 he undertook all Hajj-related responsibilities.[23] In some government offices, his picture was added next to King Abdulaziz, King Abdullah, and Crown Prince Sultan.

Crown Prince and first deputy prime minister

Prince Nayef was appointed crown prince and first deputy prime minister by King Abdullah on 27 October 2011, five days after the death of Crown Prince Sultan.

Wahhabi doctrine which he stated was "the source of the kingdom's pride, success and progress."[25]

During his time as crown prince, Nayef brought about modernizations such as "removing religious authorities who objected to the mingling of men and women in public spaces."[26]

Influence

Prince Nayef's career was propelled by his full-brother King Fahd. Under Fahd, the Ministry of Interior became one of the most influential bureaucracies in Saudi Arabia. Prince Nayef served as a mediator in disputes between King Fahd and Prince Sultan. As King Fahd's health deteriorated, his power gradually diminished as well. In 2003 he "threatened to cancel certain business deals with the French government" if the narcotics investigation of Nayef bin Fawwaz Al Sha'lan continued.[27]

When meeting with US diplomats in 2009 Prince Nayef voiced support for aggressive activity against Iran after what he believed was a breach of the 2001 security agreement. He urged European nations to turn in suspected terrorists and asked for US intercession. He said the most effective way to combat extremism was through Friday sermons.[citation needed]

As Crown Prince, Nayef was the most influential of the Sudairi Seven. He delegated the day-to-day responsibilities of his ministry to his son, Prince Muhammad bin Nayef and then-deputy minister Prince Ahmed. Prince Nayef had members of the ministry of interior placed in all overseas embassies.[2]

Various positions

Prince Nayef served for a time as the supervisor general of the Saudi committee for the Al Quds intifada, which provided aid to Palestinian refugees. He headed the supreme council on information which oversaw the media and regulated the internet in the country.[28] He also chaired the supreme committee on the Hajj and headed the ministerial committee on morality and the ministerial oversight committee on the World Trade Organization.[28]

Views

Prince Nayef was considered to be one of the more conservative, but also pragmatic, members of the Al Saud family.

Salafi doctrine as a diminishing of the core legitimacy of the state itself and resisted such moves, not from a pronounced sense of religious devotion, but rather a desire to maintain a firm grip on the levers of state power.[29][30]

In November 2002 Prince Nayef said, "It is impossible that 19 youths carried out the operation of September 11, or that bin Laden or al Qaeda did that alone. ... I think [the Zionists] are behind these events."[31] He later proposed that Americans visiting the Kingdom should be fingerprinted like visitors to the United States.[32]

According to leaked cables, Prince Nayef argued for a tougher approach than King Abdullah towards the then Yemeni president Saleh in 2009.[33]

His motto was "no to change, yes to development".[34] He believed that no change is necessary in Saudi Arabia: “Change means changing something that already exists. Whatever exists in the Kingdom is already well-established; however, there is a scope for development – development that does not clash with the principles of the nation”.[34] In a similar vein, in March 2009, he publicly stated that he saw no need for either elections or women in government.[32]

After visiting

Nawwaf bin Faisal, explicitly stated that Saudi women athletes would not be sent to the Olympics: "We are not endorsing any Saudi female participation at the moment in the Olympics or other international championships."[35] He further added that Saudi women taking part on their own are free to do so, and the Kingdom's Olympic authority would "help in ensuring that their participation does not violate the Islamic shari'a law."[35] Though he did emphasize that this was in accordance with a previously stated position, it did seem a rebuff to Crown Prince Nayef.[35]

Personality

Prince Nayef, before being appointed second deputy prime minister in 2009, was generally described as elusive, ambiguous, pragmatic, unimaginative, shrewd, and outspoken. According to leaked cables, he had a reputation of being anti-Western, but tended to do business if there were shared interests. It is further stated that his conservative approach did not reflect his personal religious personality (indeed, he was rumored to be a heavy drinker in his younger days). However, his conservative views allowed him to gain support from social and religious conservatives. He seemed to be reserved and even a bit shy. He was described as neither well-spoken nor articulate, and had a tendency to repeat platitudes in private as well as in public. He did appear to understand and speak at least some English. On the other hand, Prince Naif was considered by other princes to be one of the kinder members of his royal generation in his approach towards nephews and nieces.[36]

Prince Nayef and his full brother and then-deputy interior minister,

Prince Ahmed, were reported to pay massive bonuses to successful security officers. They both also had a reputation for honesty and using the security budget only for the stated purposes, not enriching themselves.[37]

Personal life

Prince Nayef married three times. He was the father of ten children.[38]

His first wife was Noura Alfarraj Alsubaie who died in August 1994.

Mohammed bin Fahd, who is former governor of Eastern Province.[40] Jawahir bint Nayef was raised by her aunt Princess Al Jawhara bint Abdulaziz Al Saud.[39]

Al Jawhara bint Abdulaziz bin Musaid Al Jiluwi was his second spouse.

Saud and Sara.[41]

His third wife was

Nawwaf, Mishail (born 1986),[39] Hayfa and Fahd.[42][43] His daughter, Nouf bint Nayef (born 1984),[44] is the wife of Mohammed bin Abdullah, one of King Abdullah's sons.[45] Nawwaf bin Nayef was arrested in March 2020 along with his half-brother Muhammad bin Nayef and his uncle Ahmed bin Abdulaziz.[46]

In the early 1960s Prince Nayef lived in Loxwood House in the north London suburb of Totteridge.[47] He donated £1,000 (equivalent to £21,559 in 2021) to his local member for parliament, Margaret Thatcher, when she was canvassing during the 1964 United Kingdom general election.[47]

Illness

Prince Nayef was said to be suffering from

diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis[48] as well as leukemia.[35] In March 2012, he went to Morocco for a "private vacation",[49] then to Cleveland for pre-planned medical tests. This news raised some speculation about his health and Saudi succession.[50] He returned to Saudi Arabia after staying in Algeria in April 2012.[51]

Prince Nayef again left Saudi Arabia for medical tests on 26 May 2012. Although it was unknown where Prince Nayef went, Prince Ahmed stated in

Al Watan on 3 June 2012 that he was "well and in good health ... and he will soon return to Saudi Arabia".[51] Before his death in June 2012, it was reported that Prince Nayef had gone to Geneva on 26 May 2012 for treatment for a knee ailment.[52][53]

Death and funeral

On 16 June 2012 at about 1 pm (

UTC+3), Saudi state television reported that Crown Prince Nayef had died.[54] According to Reuters, he died in Geneva, Switzerland.[55] A medical source in Geneva said that Nayef died of "cardiac problems" while staying at his brother's residence there.[56] His body was kept at the Geneva Mosque before being taken to Jeddah.[53]

The royal court stated that his funeral would be held on 17 June 2012.

Al Adl cemetery in Mecca as per his wish on 17 June 2012.[56][60]

Major political figures sent their condolences to King Abdullah, including US President

Abdullah Gul, and other leaders of Arab and Persian Gulf States.[52][61]

Legacy

On 6 July 2012 King Abdullah renamed the Qassim Regional Airport in

Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz Regional Airport.[62]

Honours and awards

Prince Nayef was the recipient of several honours, including the military Order of the Cloud and Banner by Taiwan (1977),

the National Order of the Cedar by Lebanon (2009).[63] In addition, he was awarded the followings;[63]

Posthumously Prince Nayef was honoured by

the United Nations with the Outstanding Donor Award for the Special Human Settlements Programme for the Palestinian People on 28 June 2013.[64][65]

Ancestry

References

  1. ^ "The Council of Ministers". Saudia Online. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  2. ^ a b c d Al Sudairi Clan. Global Security. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  3. ^ "Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud". The Telegraph. 17 June 2012. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
  4. ^ David Roberts (17 June 2012). "The Death of Crown Prince Nayef, What Next?". MidEast Posts. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  5. ^ "Profile: Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud". BBC. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2012.
  6. ^ a b "The Political Leadership – King Fahd". APS Review Gas Market Trends. 29 November 1999. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  7. ^ "His Royal Highness Prince Naif bin Abduaziz Al-Saud". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
  8. ^ Joseph A. Kéchichian (June 2009). "Refining the Saudi 'Will to Power'" (PDF). NUS Middle East Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  9. ProQuest 120606813
    . Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  10. ^ a b c "Chapter 2: The Ministry of Interior (Part 1)" (PDF). Americans for Democracy and Human Rights in Bahrain. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  11. doi:10.1163/1568519982599490
    .
  12. JSTOR 4328744
    .
  13. ^ Frank Rich (7 December 2002). "Pearl Harbor Day, 2002". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 May 2014. ... spokesman for our ally Saudi Arabia who on Tuesday declared that his country was the victim of unwarranted American intolerance bordering on hate. ... the Saudi minister of the interior, Prince Nayef, maintained as recently as last week that the 15 Saudi hijackers of 9/11 were dupes in a Zionist plot.
  14. ^ "Who's who: Senior Saudis". BBC. 30 October 2007.
  15. ^ Raphaeli Nimrod (September 2003). "Saudi Arabia: A brief guide to its politics and problems". MERIA. 7 (3).
  16. ^ Timothy L. O'Brien (1 August 2003). "Senators Push Saudi Arabia to Improve Antiterrorism Efforts". The New York Times.
  17. ^ a b c d e "FACTBOX  – Prince Nayef one of most powerful Saudi princes". Reuters. 7 September 2010.
  18. ^ "Saudis protest outside Interior Ministry". The News Tribune/Associated Press. 13 March 2011. Archived from the original on 17 March 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
  19. ^ F. Gregory Gause (30 March 2009). "On Prince Nayef and the Succession: Nobody Knows What It Means". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 20 March 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
  20. ^ Atul Aneja (30 March 2009). "Prince Nayef elevated". The Hindu. Dubai. Archived from the original on 3 April 2009. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  21. ^ "Farewell to our Prince" (PDF). The Diplomat. 35: 12–15. July–August 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 October 2013. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
  22. ^ Richard Spencer (29 March 2009). "Hardline Prince moves closer to Saudi Arabia's throne". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  23. ^ Mohsin Khan. "New Saudi Crown Prince – Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud". Diplomatic Circle. Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  24. ^ Tracy McVeigh (23 October 2011). "Prince Sultan's death fuels debate about who will succeed to the Saudi throne". The Guardian.
  25. ^ "Saudi Crown Prince Nayef, next in line to throne, dies". Haaretz. Associated Press. 16 June 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2014. Soon after becoming crown prince, Nayef vowed at a conference of clerics that Saudi Arabia would "never sway from and never compromise on" its adherence to the puritanical, ultraconservative Wahhabi doctrine. The ideology, he proclaimed "is the source of the kingdom's pride, success and progress."
  26. ^ Ellen Knickmeyer (16 June 2012). "Saudi Arabia's Enforcer of Internal Security". The Wall Street Journal.
  27. ^ Brian Ross; Jill Rackmill (15 October 2004). "Secrets of the Saudi Royal Family". ABC News. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
  28. ^ a b Who is Prince Nayef?. The Weekly Standard (23 December 2002). Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  29. ^ Ana Echagüe; Edward Burke (June 2009). "Strong Foundations? The Imperative for Reform in Saudi Arabia" (PDF). FRIDE (Spanish Think-tank organization). pp. 1–23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
  30. ^ Kingdom of saudi will continue to follow Salafi ideology The Muslim Times. December 2011.
  31. ^ Arab Press Says Jews Perpetrated 9/11 Attacks. The New York Sun. 30 August 2006. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  32. ^ a b Simon Henderson Desert Schism: Prince Nayef Bids for Saudi Thro"1ne. The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. 31 March 2009
  33. ^ Yemeni Tribal Leader: For Saleh, Saudi Involvement In Sa'Ada Comes Not A Moment Too Soon| الأخبار. Al Akhbar. 28 December 2009. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  34. ^ a b Iris Wurm (2008). "In Doubt for the Monarchy. Autocratic Modernization in Saudi-Arabia" (PDF). Peace Research Institute Frankfurt. Retrieved 15 April 2012.[permanent dead link]
  35. ^ a b c d e f Talal Kapoor (11 April 2012). "Nayif's Return – A Lame Duck Crown Prince". Datarabia. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  36. ^ "All eyes on Nayef's strategy". Bridging the Gulf. 21 November 2011. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
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  38. ISBN 978-1-136-51157-8
    .
  39. ^
    ISBN 978-81-901254-0-6
    .
  40. ^ "Saudi Arabia". The Monthly Newsletter of the Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 2002. p. 34.
  41. ^ a b Nouf Rakan (28 May 2004). "Saks Supports Women's Center". Arab News. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  42. ^ Caryle Murphy (5 June 2009). "The heir apparent". Global Post. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
  43. ^ James Reginato (2 April 2015). "The Saudi Princess and the Multi-Million Dollar Shopping Spree". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  44. ^ "Nouf bint Nayef bin Abdulaziz". Companies House. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  45. ^ Brandi Buchman (27 February 2018). "Nanny to Saudi Royals Claims They Forced Her into Slavery". Courthouse News Service. Alexandria, Virginia. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
  46. ^ Alasdair Sandford (7 March 2020). "Saudi Arabia: three senior royals 'detained' in latest clampdown". Euronews. AP. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  47. ^
    ISBN 978-1-4088-3184-7
    .
  48. ^ "The royal house is rattled too". The Economist. 3 March 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
  49. ^ "Crown Prince leaves Riyadh on private vacation". Ministry of Interior. 3 March 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  50. ^ "Crown Prince Naif bin Abdulaziz Arrives in Morocco". Gulf in the Media. 2 March 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2012.
  51. ^ a b "Saudi crown prince in 'good health'". Agence France-Presse. 3 June 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
  52. ^ a b "Saudi King Abdullah leads funeral for Crown Prince Nayef in Mecca". Al Arabiya. 17 June 2012. Archived from the original on 17 June 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  53. ^ a b Talal Kapoor (2 July 2012). "Nayif's Passing – The Family Regroups". Datarabia. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  54. ^ Angus McDowall (16 June 2012). "Saudi Prince Nayef, next in line to throne, dies". Reuters. Riyadh. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  55. ^ "Saudi Crown Prince Nayef, next in line to throne, dies". Reuters. 16 June 2012. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
  56. ^ a b "Salman likely to be new Saudi heir as Nayef buried". Business Recorder. 17 June 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  57. ^ "Funeral prayers for Saudi heir-apparent to be held Sunday". Reuters. 16 June 2012. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
  58. ^ Angus McDowall (17 June 2012). "Saudi king to bury Crown Prince, find successor". Reuters. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  59. ^ "World leaders express grief as Crown Prince Naif laid to rest". Saudi Gazette. 18 June 2012. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
  60. ^ "Al Saud move with speed to reconfigure top team after Nayef's death" (PDF). Gulf States Newsletter. 36 (926). 21 June 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2013.
  61. ^ "Saudi prince buried in holy city". Herald Sun. Agence France-Presse. 17 June 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  62. ^ "Saudi Arabia: Qassim Regional Airport Named After Prince Nayef". Eurasia Review. Arab News. 6 July 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  63. ^ a b "Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz". Saudi Embassy. Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
  64. ^ "Saudi Crown Prince Nayef honoured for work with UN agency on Palestinian projects". UN News Centre. 28 June 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  65. ^ "Late Prince Naif 1st Global Personality To Receive UN Award of Excellent Donor". Al Riyadh. New York. SPA. 30 June 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2013.

External links

Saudi Arabian royalty
Preceded by Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
27 October 2011 – 16 June 2012 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by
 Vice Governor of Riyadh Province
1952–1953 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
 Governor of Riyadh Province
1953–1955 		Succeeded by
Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Preceded by Deputy Minister of Interior and Minister of State for Internal Affairs
1970 – March 1975 		Succeeded by
Vacant
Preceded by
Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
 Minister of Interior
1975–2012 		Succeeded by
Ahmed bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Preceded by
Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
 Second Deputy Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
March 2009 – 27 October 2011 		Succeeded by
Muqrin bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Preceded by
Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
 First Deputy Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
27 October 2011 – 16 June 2012 		Succeeded by
Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
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