Nelliyalam
Nelliyalam | |
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Town | |
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Nelliyalam is a
History
The Gudalur and Pandalur taluks of Nilgiris district one time together constituted the Southeast
Pre-history
Historians believe that the human settlements existed in these parts for at least ten centuries
Ezhimala kingdom
In the earliest part of the recorded history of Gudalur region, Wayanad District, Kasaragod-Kannur-Wayanad-Kozhikode Districts in the northern part of present-day Kerala were ruled by the Nannans (
Kolathunadu
The Mooshaka Kings were considered descendants of Nannan. By the 14th century,
Kingdom of Kottayam
The
Carnatic invasions into Wayanad and Gudalur
In 930 AD, emperor Erayappa of
Mysore Sultans
When
Colonial era
- Munnanad
- Nambalakode
- Cherankode[13]
During the mid-19th century, English companies began mining for gold in the area, mostly in Devala and Pandalur. A London-based mining company created a township in Pandalur that began with a church, post office, shops, and a race course. After the gold boom, the mining business gradually fell into decline because the percentage of gold ore was below the average. Even so, mining was continued until the beginning of the 20th century.
Once the British companies had determined that gold mining would not succeed in this area, thus changing to agricultural industries and created
Kunjalikutty Haji of Pandalur was one of the leading manpower suppliers for British estates.
He brought a large number of people from
Most of the land in this area was the property of the princely states of Nilambur, Kovilagam, and Mysoor Maharaj. The Nelliyalam Rani administered the region for Mysoor Maharaj and enjoyed the highest rank in society. The remains of the Nelliayalam Ranis fort can still be viewed in the Nelliayalam village.
Pandalur was believed to be a sacred place for the aboriginal communities such as the Paniyas, Kurumbas, and Kattu Nayakkans. It was then dominated by the Gowdar community. In Ponnani, near the village of Nelliyalkam, there is a century-old temple (Sree Maha Vishnu Temple) constructed in the unique Kerala temple architecture. The migration of Malabar people had a major impact on the area, including the social, cultural, economic, and environmental systems.
Demographics
According to 2011 census, Nelliyalam had a population of 44,590 with a sex-ratio of 1,035 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[14] A total of 4,717 were under the age of six, constituting 2,371 males and 2,346 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 58.49% and 4.% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 77.99%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[14] The town had a total of 10729 households. There were a total of 19,320 workers, comprising 101 cultivators, 1,565 main agricultural labourers, 61 in house hold industries, 14,972 other workers, 2,621 marginal workers, 7 marginal cultivators, 367 marginal agricultural labourers, 22 marginal workers in household industries and 2,225 other marginal workers.[15] As per the religious census of 2011, Nelliyalam had 79.85% Hindus, 14.42% Muslims, 5.69% Christians, 0.02% Sikhs and 0.03% following other religions.[16]
References
- ^ a b c d e M. Vijayanunni (1983). 1981 Census Handbook- Wayanad District (Part-A&B) (PDF). Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala.
- ^ "Wayanad- A scton of Western Ghats". Anand Bharat. 27 November 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
- ^ Census of India, 2001: Wayanad. Controller of Publications. 2004. p. 4.
- ^ Census of India, 1991: pt. 2A. General population tables. Controller of Publications. 1995. p. 13.
- ^ District Census Handbook, Kasaragod (2011) (PDF). Thiruvananthapuram: Directorate of Census Operation, Kerala. p. 9.
- ISBN 9788120604476.
- ^ The Hindu staff reporter (21 November 2011). "Neeleswaram fete to showcase its heritage". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
- ^ Government of India (2014–15). District Census Handbook – Wayanad (Part-B) 2011 (PDF). Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala.
- ^ The Kadamba kula A history of ancient and medieval Karnatak , By George M. Moraces BX furtado &sons Bombay 1931
- ^ "The Kadamba Kula". Bombay B X Furtado And Sons. 1931.
- ^ Madrass District Gazetteeers, The Nilgiris. By W. Francic. Madras 1908 Pages 90-104
- ^ Report of the Administration of Mysore 1863-64. British Parliament Library
- ^ a b Logan, William (1887). Malabar Manual (Volume-2). Madras: PRINTED BY R. HILL, AT THE GOVERNMENT PRESS.
- ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Nelliyalam". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.